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Semester Review Jan 2021

Total questions: 184

Worksheet time: 3hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

the bouncing of light waves when they encounter an obstacle

a)

reflection

b)

refraction

2.

the bending of light waves as they pass from one material to another

a)

reflection

b)

refraction

c)

absorption

3.

A group of living things and their physical surroundings is called a(n): (

a)

ecosystem

b)

biosphere

c)

community

d)

population

4.

Which of the following diagrams represents sexual reproduction?

a)

I and II

b)

I and III

c)

II and III

d)

III and IV

5.

If an offspring is produced through sexual reproduction, the offspring’s genetic material is always -

a)

A copy of the genetic material of one parent.

b)

identical to the genetic material of its siblings.

c)

A blend of the genetic material of its parents.

d)

completely unrelated to that of its parents.

6.

A farmer wants to increase the amount of food produced by corn crops. If the farmer selectively breeds the plants, for which trait should the farmer select?

a)

taller stems

b)

deeper roots

c)

more cobs on each plant

d)

resistance to pesticides

7.

The passing of traits from parent to offspring

a)

levels of organization

b)

asexual reproduction

c)

binary fission

d)

heredity

8.

There are over 2000 kinds of edible insects in the world, and they are becoming an increasingly popular source of protein. One cup of cricket flour contains over 28 grams of protein. The building blocks of the protein in cricket flour are

a)

amino acids

b)

water

c)

simple sugars

d)

carbohydrates

9.
_______  is when genetic material passed down from generation to generation.
a)
Heredity
b)
Instinct
c)
Learned behavior
d)
Photosynthesis
10.
True or False: The job of a chromosome is to transport energy in the cell
a)
True
b)
False
11.

mitosis

a)

makes sex cells

b)

makes body cells

c)

makes all cells in the body

12.

Number of chromosomes in human body

a)

1

b)

2

c)

23

d)

46

13.

asexual reproduction

a)

genetic material from 2 parents

b)

genetic material from 1 parent

c)

genetic material from either 1 or 2 parents

14.

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

15.

Why is it important for cells of multicellular organisms to undergo mitosis?

a)

mitosis allows for reproduction with male and female gametes

b)

mitosis increases variation within an organism

c)

mitosis produces cells that are different from the original dividing cell

d)

mitosis produces cells that are identical to the original dividing cell

16.

During interphase, a cell grows, duplicates organelles and

a)

divides the nucleus

b)

divides the cytoplasm

c)

copied DNA

d)

produces a new cell

17.

Selective breeding means...

a)

traits are chosen by nature

b)

only the strongest animals survive

c)

people choose the traits that get passed down

18.

Which correctly lists only abiotic factors?

a)

soil, wind, rain, bacteria

b)

temperature, water, rocks, sunlight

c)

plants, animals, fungi, bacteria

d)

rain, wind, clouds, birds

19.

One DNA molecule becomes two identical DNA molecules by ___.

a)

transcription

b)

protein synthesis

c)

mitosis

d)

replication

20.

What is a change in DNA called?

a)

respiration

b)

mutation

c)

replication

d)

transcription

21.

The highest point on a wave is:

a)

the crest

b)

the trough

c)

the top

d)

the coast

22.

Waves are caused by....

a)

the gravitational pull of moon and sun

b)

energy moving through a medium

c)

density differences in the water

d)

fish moving beneath the surface of the water

23.

What is a trough?

a)

highest point on a wave

b)

lowest point on a wave

c)

the horizontal distance between two waves

d)

the vertical difference in a wave's low and high point

24.
A wave can make a leaf bob up and down on the water, but it cannot move the leaf toward the shore. This is because waves only transfer ________
a)
A. matter  
b)
B. energy  
c)
C. media 
d)
D. crests
25.

Frequently, this type of wave that forms far below the ocean surface is caused by an seismic activity beneath the ocean floor.

a)

Tornado

b)

Tsunami

c)

Whirlpool

d)

Cyclone

26.

What is a crest?

a)

highest point on a wave

b)

lowest point on a wave

c)

the horizontal distance between two waves

d)

the vertical difference in a wave's low and high point

27.

What is the wave length?

a)

highest point on a wave

b)

lowest point on a wave

c)

the horizontal distance between two waves

d)

the vertical difference in a wave's low and high point

28.

A longitudinal wave is one where by....

a)

the energy runs parallel to the medium

b)

the energy runs perpendicular to the medium

c)

the energy runs randomly through the medium

d)

the energy runs both parallel and perpendicular to the medium

29.

A transverse wave is one where by....

a)

the energy runs parallel to the medium

b)

the energy runs perpendicular to the medium

c)

the energy runs randomly through the medium

d)

the energy runs both parallel and perpendicular to the medium

30.
Requires two parents
a)
sexual
b)
asexual
31.
Requires only one parent
a)
sexual
b)
asexual
32.
The offspring from asexually reproduced organisms are?
a)
Different than their parents
b)
Identical to parents
c)
Like a combination from both parents
d)
A different species
33.
If two organisms reproduce sexually, then their offspring will exhibit a genetic makeup that is -
a)
identical to only one parent
b)
identical to all of its siblings
c)
a unique combination of traits
d)
the recessive traits of each parent
34.
All of the offspring of an organism have the same genetic material, which is identical to the parent organism. From this, we can conclude that this organism -
a)
makes its own food
b)
is unicellular
c)
live in a marine habitat
d)
reproduces asexually
35.
In asexual reproduction, all of the offspring are:
a)
Physically Identical
b)
Genetically Identical
c)
Physically and Genetically Identical
d)
Not Identical
36.
What percentage of chromosomes are handed down by a parent cell in asexual reproduction?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
37.
A mode of reproduction by which an organism arises from a single organism and inherit the identical genes of that parent
a)
Asexual Reproduction
b)
Sexual Reproduction
c)
Genetic Variation
d)
Alleles
38.
Which type(s) of reproduction includes chromosomes being passed to offspring?
a)
asexual
b)
sexual
c)
both
39.
Binary fission is a kind of sexual reproduction 
a)
True
b)
False 
40.
Genetic variation
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
c)
Both
d)
Neither
41.
Bacteria
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
c)
Both
d)
Neither
42.
Pass on traits from parent to offspring
a)
Sexual
b)
Asexual
c)
Both
d)
Neither
43.
Which type of reproduction is better for a changing environment?
a)
sexual reproduction
b)
asexual reproduction
c)
both
44.
Why can organisms that reproduce sexually survive in a changing environment?
a)
Because they are all genetically unique
b)
Because they are all genetically identical
c)
Because they can't reproduce in a changing environment
45.
What is the main purpose of reproduction?
a)
For a species to die out
b)
For a species to continue survival
c)
For all the cells to look different
d)
For all the cells to look the same
46.
Why can't organisms that reproduce asexually survive in a changing environment?
a)
Because they are all genetically unique
b)
Because they are all genetically identical
c)
Because they can't reproduce when the environment changes
47.

What are chromosomes?

a)

Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.

b)

Different versions of a gene.

c)

The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.

d)

A characteristic passed from parent to offspring

e)

The differences that occur from a mixture of genes

48.

What are alleles?

a)

Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.

b)

Different versions of a gene.

c)

The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.

d)

A characteristic passed from parent to offspring

e)

The differences that occur from a mixture of genes

49.

What is a gene?

a)

Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.

b)

Different versions of a gene.

c)

The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.

d)

A characteristic passed from parent to offspring

e)

The differences that occur from a mixture of genes

50.

What is an inherited trait?

a)

Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.

b)

Different versions of a gene.

c)

The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.

d)

A characteristic passed from parent to offspring

e)

The differences that occur from a mixture of genes

51.

What is genetic variation?

a)

Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes.

b)

Different versions of a gene.

c)

The basic unit of heredity; controls a specific trait.

d)

A characteristic passed from parent to offspring

e)

The differences that occur from a mixture of genes

52.

The offspring of asexually reproducing organisms have genes that are ____________ to that of their parent.

a)

different

b)

same

c)

dominant

d)

recessive

53.

In sexually reproducing organisms, each parent contributes _____________ of the genes acquired by the offspring.

a)

an eighth

b)

a quarter

c)

a half

d)

three quarters

54.

The difference between genotype and phenotype is :

a)

Genotype shows the combination of alleles that provides the genes for a trait, while phenotype is the expression of the trait, what it will look like.

b)

Phenotype shows the combination of alleles that provides the genes for a trait, while genotype is the expression of the trait, what it will look like.

55.

Why do human siblings look similar, but not always identical if they have the same parents?

a)

The reason that siblings can look similar without being identical is that there is always a mutation in the chromosomes.

b)

The reason that siblings can look similar without being identical is that they have the exact same DNA, but it is in a different order.

c)

The reason that siblings can look similar without being identical is that there are multiple combinations of alleles that code for genes, that express as traits that can be inherited.

56.

A Punnett square showing the cross between two pea plants is shown. In pea plants, the smooth coat allele is (R) the wrinkled coat allele is (r). Which is the dominant allele?

a)

smooth coat (R)

b)

wrinkled coat (r)

57.

A complete Punnett square here shows a cross between two mice with different fur color, agouti (A) and black (a). What is the probability of the recessive phenotype being expressed?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

58.

How is it genetically possible for parents with both natural brown hair, a dominant phenotype have an offspring with blonde hair, a recessive phenotype?

a)

Both parents have blonde, but have dyed their hair brown.

b)

Both parents have the allele for blonde hair that they passed down to their offspring.

c)

The offspring is not their child.

59.

In gene therapy, DNA which encodes a healthy, functional gene is used to replace a mutated gene. This technology will most likely have which of the following results?

a)

Diseases that are not caused by mutated genes will become more common.

b)

Traditional medications will no longer be effective at treating disease.

c)

Diseases caused by mutated genes will have new treatments.

d)

The spread of mutated genes will lead to increased risk of disease.

60.

Greyhounds are dogs with long, powerful legs and slim bodies that make them very fast runners. Which of the following best describes how humans were able to engineer this breed of dog?

a)

In every generation, only those dogs with the desired traits were allowed to reproduce.

b)

Over many years, all the dogs were fed diets high in protein and vitamins.

c)

Dogs that were slower than others were given exercise and trained to run fast.

d)

For many generations, these dogs were allowed to run freely in large, open fields.

61.

The table displays data about the presence of certain traits in a population of chickens over several generations. The data provide evidence that best supports the claim that these chickens are being bred for which characteristic?

a)

Shorter beaks

b)

Larger bodies

c)

Fewer white feathers

d)

More tail feathers

62.

A complete Punnett square here shows a cross between two mice with different fur color, agouti (A) and black (a). This Punnett square can be used to make which of the following conclusions?

a)

The trait of agouti fur is dominant over the trait of black fur.

b)

Two agouti mice can’t produce offspring with black fur.

c)

Eventually, all the mice that descend from this pair will have black fur.

d)

The trait of agouti fur is an advantage to mice for avoiding predators.

63.

Students are modeling how genes produce proteins by using wooden tiles with letters to represent the genes. In this model, the words that the combination of letters produce represents the proteins. In this model, which of the following best represents a mutation?

a)

Changing one or more of the letters so that they spell a different word or no word at all

b)

Combining many different words to create a complete message

c)

Making different words, with a certain number of letters, that have the same meaning

d)

Creating any word that is spelled exactly the same way forward and backward

64.
The union of sex cells is called
a)
vegetative propagation
b)
fertilization
c)
binary fission
d)
cloning
65.

In humans, the protein CFTR regulates the components of sweat, digestive fluids, and mucus. Humans can have a normal form of the gene or a mutated form. Which of the following would provide evidence that the mutated form of the CFTR protein is harmful to humans?

a)

Both the normal and the mutated form of

the CFTR gene can be found in healthy humans.

b)

Healthy individuals, with the normal form of the CFTR gene, can pass on a mutated form.

c)

Most illnesses have symptoms associated with sweat, digestive fluids, and mucus.

d)

Individuals who inherit the mutated form of the gene usually develop serious health problems.

66.

Which of the following would be the most immediate result of a gene mutation in an organism?

a)

A change in a protein produced by the organism

b)

Increased reproductive success of the organism

c)

Shortened life span of the organism

d)

Decreased need for resources by the organism

67.

Which of the following provides the best description of the function of chromosomes?

a)

Relaying information from the environment

b)

Controlling the production of specific proteins

c)

Producing energy through cellular respiration

d)

Ridding individual cells of waste products

68.

Genes are located in which part of the cell?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Ribosome

c)

Chromosome

d)

Vacuole

69.

the physical expression of the genes.

a)

phenotype

b)

genotype

c)

DNA

d)

heredity

70.

one gene from the pair

a)

phenotyoe

b)

genotype

c)

allele

d)

RNA

71.

Budding is best described as

a)

When an offspring grows off of the parent

b)

When a lost limb regrows

c)

when a cell divides

72.

Binary fission is usually

a)

When an offspring grows off of the parent

b)

When a lost limb regrows

c)

when a cell divides

73.

Behaviors that an organism acquires as it lives are known as

a)

instinct

b)

learned behavior

c)

innate behavior

d)

mating behaviors

74.
Sexual reproduction requires _____ parents and asexual reproduction requires ___ parents
a)
1,1
b)
2,2
c)
2,1
d)
1,2 
75.
What is one disadvantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
Only one parent needed
b)
Off spring are exact copies of parents
c)
Happens very quickly
d)
Needs two parents
76.
If an environment suddenly changes, which type of reproduction would be most beneficial? Why?
a)
Asexual, because asexual organisms always have variation within species.
b)
Sexual, because sexual organisms have variation within species.
c)
Both Asexual and Sexual reproduction would be beneficial, because they both have variation within species.
d)
Asexual, because asexual organisms have no variation, so they can adapt to a changing environment.
77.

Which of these is true of sexual reproduction

a)

offspring are genetically identical to each other

b)

slower and more energy required to find a mate and exchange genetic material

c)

offspring are genetically identical to their parent cell

d)

fast; not a lot of energy required

78.

Which disadvantage is most related to asexual reproduction

a)

slower process

b)

requires more energy

c)

produces less offspring

d)

there is no genetic diversity

79.

Which advantage is most related to asexual reproduction?

a)

produces many offspring quickly

b)

increases genetic diversity

c)

sometimes both parents help to raise the offspring

d)

the health of the population increases overtime because of genetic variation

80.

Before mitosis begins, which happens before the nucleus starts dividing?

a)

The cytoplasm separates

b)

The DNA replicates

c)

The sister chromatids separate

d)

The homologous chromosomes cross over

81.

Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells?

a)

Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA.

b)

Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced.

c)

DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function.

d)

Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins.

82.

Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?

a)

It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple chromosome number of the organism.

b)

It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism

c)

It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

d)

It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.

83.

Which process produces the most variation within a species?

a)

asexual reproduction

b)

sexual reproduction

c)

mitosis

d)

cloning

84.

a trait that is covered up if a dominant trait is present

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

85.

a trait that overpowers another trait

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

86.

genetically determined characteristics that are inherited from the parent or parents of the offspring

a)

Genetics

b)

Heredity

c)

Traits

d)

Gene

87.

The physical characteristics of an organism; The way an

organism looks

a)

Gentotype

b)

Phenotype

88.

The genetic makeup of an organism; The gene (or allele) combination an organism has

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

89.

Term used to refer to an organism that has two DIFFERENT alleles for the same trait (Tt)

a)

Homozygous

b)

Heterozygous

90.

Term used to refer to an organism that has two identical or SAME alleles for a particular trait (TT or tt)

a)

Homozygous

b)

Heterozygous

91.

A punnett square is used to show the different combination of genes that might result from a genetic cross.

a)

True

b)

False

92.
Which of the following describes the main advantages of sexual reproduction? 
a)
requires lots of time/energy
b)
no new gene combos can arise 
c)
diversity
d)
looks identical to the parent
93.
 A general name for a sex cell (egg or sperm) is a: 
a)
zygote
b)
gene
c)
offspring
d)
gamete
94.
When a starfish grows a new body off a broken arm, what kind of reproduction is this?
a)
Sexual
b)
Differentiation
c)
Asexual 
d)
Specialization
95.

A positive aspect (thing) about asexual reproduction is that ______________________.

a)

there is no genetic diversity

b)

it is easier, faster, and makes more offspring

c)

there is genetic diversity

d)

it requires a male and female

96.

What are examples of inherited traits?

a)

eye color

b)

tattoos

c)

knowlege

d)

ideas

97.
A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?
a)
100% BB
b)
75% BB and 25%Bb
c)
50 % BB and 50% Bb
d)
50% Bb and 50% bb
98.
Squidward has light blue skin, and his genotype for this trait is Bb. Would Squidward be considered a purebred or hybrid for light blue skin?
a)
Purebred
b)
Hybrid
99.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Blue eyes
100.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
101.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
102.
Dominant alleles are represented by a:
a)
Male gene
b)
lowercase letter
c)
recessive trait
d)
capital letter
103.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
104.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both 
105.
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
106.
Each one of the boxes on the Punnett Square represents what probability of an offsprings' genotype?
a)
25%
b)
1%
c)
10%
d)
0%
107.

Which picture represents a chromosome?

a)
b)
c)
d)
108.

Which picture represents a Gene?

a)
b)
c)
d)
109.

Describe the relationship between a gene and a chromosome.

a)

A gene is a section of DNA and a chromosome is just a long strand of DNA.

b)

A chromosome does not contain genes, it contains DNA.

c)

A gene is a smaller version of a chromosome.

d)

They are not related.

110.

Which statement reflects a way in which asexual reproduction is beneficial? Select all that apply.

a)

It results in genetic variation.

b)

It requires a lot of time and energy.

c)

Organisms can reproduce without a mate.

d)

It is a much quicker process.

111.

Which statement describes why genetic variation is beneficial to populations of organisms?

a)

individuals look different from one another

b)

only one parent is needed to produce offspring

c)

populations of the organism increase more rapidly

d)

species can better survive environmental changes

112.
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
Allows genetic variation
b)
Only needs one parent
c)
Happens very quickly
d)
Offspring are exact copies of parent
113.

Hydra produce offspring by growing the new individual on the body of the parent. This is an example of...

a)

budding.

b)

fission.

c)

regeneration.

d)

tubers.

114.
Compare & Contrast
 Sexual VS Asexual
a)
both only require one parent
b)
sexual creates diverse offspring, and asexual makes uniform
c)
sexual reproduction have larger populations
d)
both require no special cells
115.

Select ALL traits that can be genetically inherited.

a)

Dark-colored hair

b)

Ability to throw a curve ball

c)

Blue-eyes

d)

Speaking Spanish

116.

Which characteristic can be a result of an organisms environment but NOT passed down by parents?

a)

Blue eyes

b)

Green hair

c)

Sickle Cell Anemia

d)

Dark skin

117.

Which or the following lists structures in the correct order (biggest to smallest)

a)

Chromosome, Nucleus, Gene

b)

Nucleus, Gene, Chromosome

c)

Nucleus, Chromosome, Gene

d)

Chromosome, Gene, Nucleus

118.
The diagram shows the formation of a zygote from an egg and a sperm.  Chromosomes carry genetic information.
Which reproduction concept does the diagram show?
a)
All genetic information in a zygote is from one parent.
b)
All genetic information in sperm is from both parents.
c)
Fertilization ensures that traits are inherited from both parents.
d)
Fertilization results in a reduced number of chromosomes.
119.
Which of the following is an example of selective breeding?
a)
Cutting a stem from a plant so that a new plant grows from the stem.
b)
Taking a skin cell from a sheep and making an exact clone of the sheep.
c)
Replacing the DNA of a plant with DNA that allows the plant to grow in little water.
d)
Selecting 2 horses and having them mate in order to produce stronger offspring
120.
Two heterozygous green pea plants are crossed. Green pod color is dominant over yellow. What percentage will have green pods?
a)
100%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
25%
121.
The figure shows a Punnett square for an inherited trait.
The genotype 'aa' represents....
a)
The genotype of the mother's egg
b)
The genotype that only girls will inherit
c)
The genotype that any of the children could inherit
d)
The genotype that exactly 1/4 of the children will inherit
122.
This list describes examples of reproduction for several organisms:
Butterflies lay eggs
Whales give birth to live young
A single-celled euglena splits into 2 cells
A single-celled amoeba produces young that are identical to the parent
Which organisms described on the list reproduce sexually?
a)
Euglena and whales
b)
Butterflies and whales
c)
Euglena and Amoeba
d)
Butterflies and amoeba
123.
Sean is studying the advantages of selective breeding in plants.  He made the following list of possible advantages:
1. Can produce corn that attracts grasshoppers
2. Can develop grass that can grow with less water
3. Can develop wheat that can grow in different types of soil
4. Can produces oranges that are not affected by freezing temperatures
Which items on the list provide logical arguments in favor of selective breeding?
a)
1, 2, 3
b)
2, 3, 4
c)
2, 4
d)
3, 4
124.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
125.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
126.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
127.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
128.

Is this Asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction?

a)

Asexual Reproduction

b)

Sexual Reproduction

129.

Is this Asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction?

a)

Asexual Reproduction

b)

Sexual Reproduction

130.

Why is DNA important?

a)

It is in everything

b)

It serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

c)

Because we eat it every day for energy

d)

It is very small and complicated

131.

Sexual Reproduction

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

132.

The cells that are made from meiosis have

a)

Twice as many chromosomes as the other cells in the organism

b)

Half as many chromosomes as the other cells in the organism

c)

An exact copy of the chromosomes in the other cells in the organism

d)

None of the chromosomes that are present in the other cells in the organism

133.

DNA contains the genetic information for cells to make

a)

A double helix

b)

Genes

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Proteins

134.

A plant that is homozygous dominant with red flowers is crossed with a plant that is homozygous recessive with white flowers. What is the probability that the offspring will have red flowers?

a)

25% (1/4)

b)

50% (2/4)

c)

75% (3/4)

d)

100% (4/4)

135.

What is the name of the process in which a cell divides into two new cells, each having identical DNA?

a)

Interphase

b)

Cell cycle

c)

Meiosis

d)

Mitosis

136.

Which of the following is true of genes?

a)

Genes are only found in humans

b)

Genes code only for recessive traits

c)

Genes code only for dominant traits

d)

Genes control your physical appearance

e)

Genes can be boot cut, regular fit, or cropped

137.

Sexual Reproduction

a)

Creates a genetically identical copy of the parent

b)

Creates offspring with a mix of genetic information

c)

Requires a mate

d)

Does not require a mate

e)

Sperm and egg join

138.

Mitosis produces ____________ cells and meiosis produces ____________cells.

a)

diploid, haploid

b)

haploid, diploid

139.

How is meiosis different from mitosis?

a)

Meiosis is required for sexual reproduction and mitosis is required for asexual reproduction

b)

Meiosis is required for asexual reproduction and mitosis is required for sexual reproduction

c)

Meiosis requires cells with a nucleus and mitosis does not

d)

Mitosis requires cells with a nucleus and meiosis does not

140.
Results of cell division or mitosis include all of the following EXCEPT?
a)
growth
b)
repair damaged cells
c)
replace damaged cells
d)
dead cells
141.
How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
6
142.

California blackworms, also known as mudworms, are able to break apart. Each body section that broke apart is able to become an identical new worm. What type of reproduction does this example represent?

a)

Sexual reproduction

b)

Asexual reproduction

143.

Explain difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.

a)

Sexual reproduction involves one parent, and Asexual reproduction involves two parents.

b)

Asexual reproduction involves one parent and the offspring is genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction involves two parents, and the offspring a unique.

c)

They are the same type of reproduction except asexual reproduction takes more time.

d)

Sexual reproduction is shorter than asexual reproduction.

144.

Select the choice that correctly describes a type of cell division. *PICK ALL CORRECT CHOICES.

a)

Meiosis involves two cell divisions that produce four cells.

b)

Mitosis involves two cell divisions that produce four cells.

c)

Mitosis involves one cell division that produces two cells.

d)

Meiosis involves one cell division that produces two cells.

145.

Select the type of cell involved in mitosis. Note there may be more than one choice.

a)

variegated cells

b)

eggs cells

c)

body/skin cells

d)

sperm cells

146.
Which of the following produces identical nuclei in cells?
a)
fertilization
b)
osmosis
c)
mitosis
d)
pollution
147.
Which of the following statements correctly describes meiosis?
a)
Meiosis does not occur in reproductive cells.
b)
The cells produced at the end are identical 
c)
the cells produced at the end contain half the # of chromosomes
d)
cells divide only once during meiosis
148.
What process is necessary for the inherited traits of an organism to be passed along by sexual reproduction?
a)
meiosis
b)
mutation
c)
mitosis
d)
fission
149.
If an intestinal cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg cell would contain___________.
a)
12 chromosomes
b)
6 chromosomes
c)
3 chromosomes
d)
24 chromosomes
150.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented in the diagram?
a)
meiosis, which produces body cells
b)
mitosis, which produces body cells
c)
meiosis, which produces body cells
d)
meiosis, which produces gametes
151.
Mechanical waves are created when a source of energy causes a medium to...
a)
Move
b)
Expand
c)
Vibrate
d)
Compress
152.
Waves that move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling are called
a)
Surface Waves
b)
Combination Waves
c)
Longitudinal Waves
d)
Transverse Waves
153.
What occurs when vibrations traveling through an object match the object’s natural frequency?
a)
Refraction
b)
Reflection
c)
Diffraction
d)
Resonance
154.
The maximum distance that the particles of a medium move from the rest position is the
a)
Wavelength of the Wave
b)
Frequency of the Wave
c)
Amplitude of the Wave
d)
Speed of the Wave
155.
The speed of a wave is its wavelength multiplied by its
a)
Vibration
b)
Frequency
c)
Amplitude
d)
Reflection
156.
Why do you see lightning from a distant storm before you hear thunder?
a)
Your eyes react faster than your ears
b)
Light travels faster than sound
c)
The thunder is produced after the lightening
157.
As the frequency of a wave traveling at constant speed increases, its ____________________ decreases.
a)
wavelength
b)
amplitude
c)
speed
d)
reflection
158.
           In a longitudinal wave moving along a spring, areas where the coils are farthest apart are called ____________________.
a)
interference
b)
Compression
c)
Rarefraction
d)
Diffraction
159.
The more ____________________ a mechanical wave has, the greater its amplitude.
a)
reflection
b)
energy
c)
speed
d)
frequency
160.
Waves that require a medium through which to travel are called
electromagnetic waves.
a)
True
b)
False(Mechanical)
161.
Which wave has the greatest amplitude?
a)
The blue wave
b)
The red wave
162.
Which of the following is true about waves?
a)
When wavelength increases frequency increases
b)
When wavelength decreases, frequency increases
c)
When wavelength decreases, frequency decreases
163.
When light strikes an object, it can do all of the following, except...
a)
Be reflected
b)
Be refracted
c)
Be produced
d)
Be absorbed 
164.
Which type of electromagnetic radiation produces the heat we can feel coming from the toaster?
a)
Radio waves
b)
Infrared waves
c)
X-rays
d)
Gamma rays
165.
Which type of electromagnetic radiation is the reason we need sunglasses and sunscreen to avoid getting a sunburn?
a)
X-rays
b)
Gamma Rays
c)
Ultraviolet waves
d)
Infrared waves
166.
Which picture best shows the law of reflection?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
167.
The number of waves that passes a point in a certain amount of time.
a)
Amplitude
b)
Frequency
c)
Wavelength
d)
Magnitude 
168.
Which of the following is NOT true?
a)
Radio waves have lowest frequency
b)
Ultraviolet waves have highest energy
c)
Gamma waves have highest frequency
d)
Radio waves have longest wavelengths
169.
What can you see in a room that has no visible light?
a)
Only bright colored objects
b)
Only dark colored objects
c)
Only white objects
d)
Nothing at all
170.
What property of light makes this pencil appear to be bent or broken?
a)
Reflection
b)
Refraction
c)
Diffraction
d)
Absorption
171.
Which part of the wave is shown at letter E?
a)
trough
b)
crest
c)
resting point
d)
amplitude
172.
Which wave has the most energy?
a)
top wave
b)
bottom wave
173.

What does a wave carry from place to place?

a)

energy

b)

matter

c)

people

174.

A wave that can travel through matter and empty space is a:

a)

electromagnetic wave

b)

longitudinal wavy

c)

transverse wave

175.
Electromagnetic energy travels in waves. When we describe electromagnetic waves, we often talk about the wave’s length and frequency. Which of these statements accurately describes the relationship between the wavelength and frequency of an electromagnetic wave?
a)
If wavelength increases, frequency increases.
b)
If frequency decreases, wavelength increases.
c)
If frequency remains constant, wavelength increases.
d)
If wavelength remains constant, frequency increases.
176.

Michael Scott wakes up one morning and sees that it is foggy outside. Which term best describes the fog he sees?

a)

opaque

b)

reflective

c)

translucent

d)

transparent

177.

Stanley looks around his classroom at different objects. Which object reflects almost all of the light that strikes it?

a)

a white poster board

b)

clear window class

c)

a red book cover

d)

black construction paper

178.
Which object would a sound wave travel the fastest through?
a)
brick wall
b)
pool
c)
oxygen
d)
lake
179.
Which wave has a greater frequency?
a)
A
b)
B
180.

Which wave in the diagram has the greatest wavelength?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

181.

A wave carries...

a)

Energy only

b)

Matter only

c)

The matter carries the energy

d)

Nothing

182.
The illustration shows a light ray striking an object.
In the illustration, the light ray striking the object is-
a)
absorbed
b)
stopped
c)
reflected
d)
refracted
183.
A student placed a pencil in a cup of water.  The pencil appears broken because light-
a)
always travels in a straight line
b)
bends when it passes through water
c)
makes the water in the glass evaporate
d)
reflects the pencil on the water's surface
184.
a)
Reflection
b)
Refraction

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