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WorksheetsThe Phoenicians
Total questions: 106
Worksheet time: 3hrs 15mins
Which civilisation influenced and populated the Meditterean region during 800B.C?
The Romans
The Phoenicians
The Chinese
The Arabs
The information we have about the Phoenicians came from
a book written by the Phoenicians in which they wrote every business done.
other civilisations which documented business conducted with them, tensions and conflicts that arose.
stories also found in the Bible
documents found by the Egyptians and Romans
The Phoenicians occupied a stretch of long narrow land situated around modern-day
Lebanon, Syria and Italy.
Italy, Lebanon and Syracuse
Syria, Israel and Italy
Lebanon, Syria and Israel.
The Phoenicians' land was not so resourseful so they
targeted more lands to have more power
targeted seas to become very brave warriors
targeted lands beyond their own shores to source their needs.
targeted lands to harvest their crops elsewhere but their land would be free for forests.
The Phoenician lands had a lot of
walnut trees
Baobab trees
Pine Trees
cedar trees
Cedar trees
had their timber great for material to construct strong and sophisiticated sailing vessels.
had their timber great for material to construct strong weapons
had their timber great for material to construct strong catapults
had their timber great for material to construct strong houses and bastions
The long strip of land was not considered by the Phoenicians as a single country state but had smaller city states. These were:
Trapatus, Sayid, Berrytus, Jbail/Geberil
Trapateros, Sayid, Berrytus, Jbail/Gebeil
Trablos, Saida, Berytus, Sur, Jbail/Gebeil
Trablos, Saida, Berryus, Sur
Choose all the possible answers: (2answers are correct)
Every smaller city which made up the Phoenician land had:
own ruler and own ruling system
a council made up of the city's prominent businessman which together took important decisions.
a ministry of war
a council made up of the city's doctors and lawyers to see the state of the country
The term Phoenichians comes from
the Greek word phoinikes meaning 'the purple people'
the Greek word phoinikes meaning 'the blue people'
the Greek word phoinikes meaning 'the red people'
the Greek word phoinikes meaning 'the yellow people'
The Phoenicians were known as:
the red people for their reddish-purple fabric they were famous for.
the red people because they used to get angry when they would think they would lose.
the red people because their favourite colour was red.
the red people because their flag was red.
Their crafting of strong ships helped:
commerce, swimming and trading
commerce, exploration and acquiring riches.
trading and fighting
fighting
The Phoenicians sailed till
Spain and Italy
Gibraltar and England
Senegal and Turkey
Melchart (today's Gibraltar) and Senegal (Africa)
Archaeology has been helpful to get more imformation about the Phoenicians through
clay pieces and tombs
sites discovered such as tombs and sacred places
tombs and shipwrecks found
books left by the Phoenicians.
The Phoenicians were famous for:
reading and writing, taught how to swim, building houses, jewellery, invented dresses
ship building, typing, engineers, great seamen, skilled artisans, good businessman
animal hunting, businessman, seamen, clothes maker
inventing the alphabet, engineers, great seamen, skilled artisans, wise businessman, inventors of the famous purple robes.
Phoenicians are famous for a dye.
Which was its colour?
RED
BLUE
PURPLE
GREEN
The reddich-puprle colour used to colour clothes by Phoenicians was referred to as
Tyrian Purple
Tyrian Red
Phoenician Purple
Tyrian Green
Where the Maltese trained in the process of weaving and dyeing the fabric in Phenician times
YES
NO
Was the dyeing process short or long and complicated.
Short
Long and complicated
The purple dye was produced from an animal. Which?
A Turtle
A sea snail (Murex bradaris)
A crab
A unicron
Which steps in the dyeing process were probably included.
Snail shells would be colleted and placed in a basin
They wuld have been left to decompose for a while
Shells would be crushed once decomposed
Start the dyeing process
The fabirc would be dipped in the liquid and left to dry
The dyed fabric was valuable as the colour
Did not fade with time and the colour became richer and deeper
Faded with time
The purple dyed fabric was associated with important and rich figures (worn by kings and queens) as it was a luxurious and of good quality the more time passed.
Apart from Tyrian Purple the colour was also named:
Royal Purple
Royal Blue
Rich Purple
The dyeing process lef what smell
Nice fragrant smell
Strong stench
Lands near the Phoenicians were:
Choose all correct answers:
Egypt
Mesopotamia
Arabia
Spain
The Phoenicians important from various lands of the EAST all sort of things and exported to the WEST (Mediterranean).
Choose all correct answers:
Precious stones
Perfumes
Ivory
Incense
Apart from exporting coloured fabric, Phoenicians also exported their produce made out of their sand: which this product.
GLASS
Sand castles
Sand
Various products that Phoenicians produced and exported were:
Expensive purple dye fabric
Cedarwood to build strong sailing vessels
Papyrus
Which was the most importnat commercial city of Phoenicians.
Tyre
Byblos
This Phoenician city was famous and wealthy mainly through its papyrus
Tyre
Byblos
Phoenicians were good in business and the more they travelled away , most of the business was through bartering.
How was the process:
Phoenician ships would sail into harbours without knowing the language. The sailors would display the products. The locals would place pieces of gold by the object. If the merchant takes the gold, it would mean he accepted the deal, otherwise not.
Merchant and customer would speak about the price
Phoenicians colonised other lands; Reaching from
Spain to the west as well as North Africa
China
Asia
Africa
Why was it important for Phoenicians to colonise lands:
An important polotical and economic strategy,providing resources as well as a safe harbour
to make friends
Where Phoenicians went they built cities, these were
Large cities
Small cities
An example of large city built by Phoenicians was:
Carthage
Cairo
Athens
Rome
Carthage was a large city found in:
North Africa
Euope
Asia
Carthaginians became as powerful as Phoenicians and they become a powerful force in the Mediterranean, having various conflicts with large powers including
Roman Empire
Chinese
What does the word COLONY mean
Land ruled by a foreign nation or civilisation
Land ruled by a nation
Colourful nation
A fear tha sailors or passengers had was
Sea storms that could result in shipwrecks
snakes
sharks
Phoenicians were oe ofthe first cultures to use what to navigate a ship
The sun
The stars
The clouds
How was the Phoenician ship engineered:
Long and complicated one
Short and simple
Phoenician ships were built very strong with inticate woodwork. They normally built 2 type of ships, which:
Warships
Merchant ships
Cruise ships
Aircraft carrier
What were characteristics of Phoenician warships:
Narrower than merchant ship (to be lighter and travel faster)
CArried aroun 100 crew with 50 rowers.
Had one sail and rather large for its time
Ship bow made out of bronze
The warship bow was made of bronze for what?
To be nice
To aim at an opponent's vessel cause damage and sink it.
Phoenician civilisation was based on travel , so it was natral fo them to be in constant contact with different cultures and they were curious and adopted a number of ways.
Which cultures influenced Phoenicians?
Greeks
Egyptians
Persians
Assyrians
Syrians
Phoenecians adopted ideas and improved them such as .
Choose all correct answers.
Pottery
Working precious stones and silver
Perfected working with bronze from Cyprus
Improved working with tin from great Britain
What type of religion was followed by Phoenicians:
Polytheistic
Monotheistic
Polytheism is the believe in how many gods
Many gods
One god
The most important female goddes for Phoenicians who represented fertility and maternity, was called:
Astarte
Aphrodite
Lady God
The God Astarte for Phoenicians was equivalent to the Greek God:
Aphrodite
Lady God
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: EL
God of Universe
Queen of the sky, goddes-mother and protector of the family
a beautiful god with impressive strength
Goddess of love and war
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: ASTARTE
God of Universe
Queen of the sky, goddes-mother and protector of the family
a beautiful god with impressive strength
Goddess of love and war
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: ADONIS
God of Universe
Queen of the sky, goddes-mother and protector of the family
a beautiful god with impressive strength
Goddess of love and war
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: ANATH
God of Universe
Queen of the sky, goddes-mother and protector of the family
a beautiful god with impressive strength
Goddess of love and war
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: MELQART
God of the cycle of nature and the underworld
God of death
god of sunset
God of sunrise
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: MOT
God of the cycle of nature and the underworld
God of death
god of sunset
God of sunrise
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: SHALIM
God of the cycle of nature and the underworld
God of death
god of sunset
God of sunrise
A number of gods worshiped by Phoenicians. Who was this god: SHAHA
God of the cycle of nature and the underworld
God of death
god of sunset
God of sunrise
The phoencian gods system was inspired by
The cycles an power of nature
By the people
By the stars
Different cities were never combined as one nation, even the gods and their names was different from different states.
Is this statement correct.
YES
NO
In Phoenician cities there were normally a lot of religious features such as:
Temples
Altars
sanctuaries
Temple was important part of Phoenician life.
It was used for:
Placce of Worship
Political function
economic fucntion
administrative function
The temple building used to be on a higher level than other city buildings and slightly detached from them in order to maximise its importance. This was maintaned and run by priests, signers and musicians among others.
Is this statement correct.
YES
NO
What is a cippus?
A Symbol of religious belief
A column
A stone
What was the use of the cippus?
Is a pedestal which used to be placed over urns holding human cremated remains
A column
A stone for decoration
What is cremation?
To create cream
The process of burning a body after death
Burning candles.
Worship to the gods was typically shown by offerining sacrifices involving what:
Choose correct answers
Animals (bull, sheep, mutton, deer, goats, pigeon)
Harvest (cereal, fruit, vegetables and other plants)
water
soil
Why was Malta important for Phoenicians:
for its geographical location (being in the middle of the mediterranean sea)
For its resources
For its beauty
Malta gave the advantage to Phoenicians, beacause it offered:
Good natural harbours for the ships for shelter (to protect the ships and merchandise)
It was a nice place for holidays
When did the Phoenicians arrive in MALTA:
end of 8 century BC
8 century AD
10 century BC
10 century AD
Thanks to the Phoenicians , the MAltese began to establish contacts with other cultures and export their products.
Is this comment correct.
YES
NO
What was the most important heritage left by Phoenicians to the Maltese.
Writing
Puprple dye
Temples
What is this?
Phoenician alphabet
Chinese alphabet
Scribbles
In Malta a cippi was found with both Phoenician and Greek words. These were found?
Tas-Silg complex in Marsaxlokk
Mnajdra Temples
Ggantija Temples
The cippi with the 2 languages Phoenician and Greek was used for what?
To be able to construct the way how the phoenician language functioned and was constructed.
For decorations.
The Tas-Silg area at Marsaxlokk was used by different cultures and given different names to the temple like:
Astarte by the Phenicians
Juno by the Romans
Our Lady of the Snow (Il- Madonna tas-Silg)
A phoenician santuary was discovered with one rectangular room and a number of niches in the Greek style at
RAS il- WARDIJA
MELLIEHA
XLENDI
What is this picture depicting
A Phonecian cornice discovered in Zurrieq in a prist's garden
A stone wall
What does this picture show?
A Phoenician Terracotta sarcophagus (type of coffin) discovered in Ghar Barka (limits of Rabat)
A statue
A number of phoenician pottery artifacts were found in some locations in Malta.
(Choose locations)
Tal-Liedna (Paola)
Ghajn Qajjet (Rabat)
Mellieha
Xlendi
The Cedar Wood from Phoenician lands was used to build what:
King Solomon legendary temple in Jerusalem
King Artur round table
Who was Caius Verres?
Choose all correct options
A Roman magistrate
Stole a number of objects from Tas-Silg temple
Was accused by Cicero that he store the objects from Tas-Silg
He escaped into exile and was subsequently murdered.
What did Phoenicians think happens after death?
Like Egyptians , believed that humans started a journey into another life after ther death.
Was born again
How was a FIRST DEGREE tomb made in Punic style?
Tombs would be dug out of rock
First level consisted of a vertical shaft dug in circular fashion
At desired depth a small window would be created to a room
Room space enough for one body, dug into shape of a circle with an oven-like roof.
After burial the tomb would be sealed with a large rock in front of doorway.
Other first degree tombs did not have a shaft. Where were these dug?
These are dug straight into a cliff face
Dug in Soil
What is the difference between a Second degree tomb from first degree tomb?
Shaft dug inn rectangular shape
There is no shaft dug
Shaft in circular fashion
What is the difference between a Third degree tomb from Second and first degree tombs?
Started digging the burial chamber itself in a rectangular way
Was larger being bale to hold more than 1 body , even entire families
Also could hold various objects, especially with addtional rooms dug into the chamber.
What was the burial chamber like?
In each room, a tomb canal would be dug in the ground, close to the dead body's resting place to collect water or other liquds inside the tomb.
Furniture would be placed inside such as jugs to pottery, with food, drinks, jars, decanters, and sacrificial offerings place on the day of burial.
the dead body would be laid on a bed-like structure made of rock, even found of rock beds (like pillows)
Alcoves in the tombs would be dug to hold a
Lamp
Fruit
Vegtables
Water
The tomb canal in the tomb was done
To keep the dead body dry as tomb is dug in the rock
To decorate
From where did the Phoenicians came:
Land of Canaan (modern day Lebanon & Syria)
From the city of Carthage (modern day Tunisia)
From where did the Carthagiinians came:
Land of Canaan (modern day Lebanon & Syria)
From the city of Carthage (modern day Tunisia)
Who founded Cartahge and when?
By the Phoenicians - around 900 BC
By the Phoenicians - around 500 BC
By the Romans - around 900 BC
By the Greek - around 900 BC
As Carthaginians city population was not especially large, they could not rely on an army of their wn citizens in case of war. So what did they do?
Employ mercenary soldiers (not necessary from their city)
Build rockets
Carthaginians were great warriors and had a mighty, what?
Navy
airforce
horseback riders
Carthaginans conntinued after the Phoenicians on the Maltese islands. They introduced which trees to Malta:
Carob trees
Olive trees
Apple trees
Banana trees
What were the PUNIC WARS between which powers
Roman Empire and Carthaginians
Roman Empire and Greek
Greek and Carthaginians
The Punic language faded away and was not used anymore with the fall of Carthage and the influence fromthe Greek culture. It was not used anymore after
4 BC
40 BC
400 BC
40 AD
What does it mean?
CITY STATE
A city that is also a state, meaning that it rules itself and has a ruler and law of its own.
A type of paper made from the papyrus reed plant, used for writing in old times.
A tiny snail from which the purple dye was made by the Phoenicians
A land which is occupied and ruled by a foerign power
An ornamental pedestal placed alongside urns: an important symbol of ritual for the Phoenicians.
What does it mean?
COLONY
A city that is also a state, meaning that it rules itself and has a ruler and law of its own.
A type of paper made from the papyrus reed plant, used for writing in old times.
A tiny snail from which the purple dye was made by the Phoenicians
A land which is occupied and ruled by a foerign power
An ornamental pedestal placed alongside urns: an important symbol of ritual for the Phoenicians.
What does it mean?
PAPYRUS
A city that is also a state, meaning that it rules itself and has a ruler and law of its own.
A type of paper made from the papyrus reed plant, used for writing in old times.
A tiny snail from which the purple dye was made by the Phoenicians
A land which is occupied and ruled by a foerign power
An ornamental pedestal placed alongside urns: an important symbol of ritual for the Phoenicians.
What does it mean?
Murex brandaris
A city that is also a state, meaning that it rules itself and has a ruler and law of its own.
A type of paper made from the papyrus reed plant, used for writing in old times.
A tiny snail from which the purple dye was made by the Phoenicians
A land which is occupied and ruled by a foerign power
An ornamental pedestal placed alongside urns: an important symbol of ritual for the Phoenicians.
What does it mean?
Cippus
A city that is also a state, meaning that it rules itself and has a ruler and law of its own.
A type of paper made from the papyrus reed plant, used for writing in old times.
A tiny snail from which the purple dye was made by the Phoenicians
A land which is occupied and ruled by a foerign power
An ornamental pedestal placed alongside urns: an important symbol of ritual for the Phoenicians.
What does it mean?
Cremation
The burning of a dead body instead of burial
A vertical passage dug out from rock in Phoenician times to allow access ot the dead body's chamber
A canal dug nside the burial chamber to collect water and keep dry the inside of the tomb.
The way the Phoenicians referred to themselves.
What does it mean?
Shaft
The burning of a dead body instead of burial
A vertical passage dug out from rock in Phoenician times to allow access ot the dead body's chamber
A canal dug nside the burial chamber to collect water and keep dry the inside of the tomb.
The way the Phoenicians referred to themselves.
What does it mean?
Tomb canal
The burning of a dead body instead of burial
A vertical passage dug out from rock in Phoenician times to allow access ot the dead body's chamber
A canal dug nside the burial chamber to collect water and keep dry the inside of the tomb.
The way the Phoenicians referred to themselves.
What does it mean?
Canaanites
The burning of a dead body instead of burial
A vertical passage dug out from rock in Phoenician times to allow access ot the dead body's chamber
A canal dug nside the burial chamber to collect water and keep dry the inside of the tomb.
The way the Phoenicians referred to themselves.
