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WorksheetsGI physio
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 52mins
1. A 45 year old woman presents with dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing) for solid foods and liquids. A barium swallow reveals dilation of the proximal esophagus, and a beak-like tapering of the distal esophagus. You correctly diagnosis achalasia and fully expect to see all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
increased tone in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
absence of a coordinated peristaltic effort down the esophagus
nonfunctional or absence of the esophageal intramural plexuses (i.e. ENS)
decreased amounts of skeletal muscle along the upper third of esophagus
simultaneous low pressure increases along the entire length of the esophagus during a swallow
Which of the following secretagogues or conditions is most likely to stimulate the secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) from the duodenal mucosa?
amino acid
free fatty acids
glucose
high pH
hypotonicity
What is the most common type of motility associated with the descending colon?
haustrations
antipropulsive movements
mass movement
perisatalsis
segmentation
1. You have sat down to a scrumptious meal consisting of a spinach salad, a juicy piece of very lean rib eye steak (16 oz.), a baked potato with generous gobs of butter and sour cream, and a fine glass of a robust wine. Which of the following represents the BEST order in which the above items are sequentially emptied from the stomach?
steak, potato, wine, butter
wine, steak, potato, butter
potato, steak, butter, wine
wine, potato, steak, butter
potato, wine, butter, steak
Myenteric oscillation potentials are characterized as__________ slow waves which are ____________ likely to generate spontaneous action potentials
High amplitude & low frequency - Less
High amplitude & low frequency - More
Low amplitude & high frequency - Less
Low amplitude & high frequency – More
Below is a list of events that occur during the act of vomiting.
the LES and UES are open
forced inspiration against a closed glottis
reverse peristalsis from the mid small intestine
the LES is open and the UES is closed
relaxation of the pyloric sphincter
forceful contractions of the stomach
Indicate the correct sequence of events involved in the act of vomiting
5, 3, 2, 6, 4, 1
3, 5, 6, 2, 1, 4
3, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4
5, 3, 6, 2, 1, 4
3, 5, 2, 6, 4, 1
Which gastrointestinal function IS NOT caused by cholecystokinin?
contraction of the bladder
increased rate of gastric emptying
increased secretion of pancreatic juice rich in digestive enzymes
potentiation of secretin-induced pancreatic secretion rich in bicarbonate
potentiation of secretin-induced bile production
Which of the following IS NOT a function of hepatocytes?
active uptake of plasma bile acids
synthesis of primary bile acids from cholesterol
conjugation secondary bile acids
conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogen
secretion of bile acids into bile canaliculi
Which cells type is PROPERLY matched with its secretion?
Enteroendocrine cell - Trypsinogen
Chief cell - Intrinsic factor
Parietal cell – Gastrin
G-cell - Pepsinogen
Enterochromaffin-like cell – Histamine
By which mechanism of action does Cimetidine inhibit gastric acid secretion?
competing for the H2 receptor
competing for the M3 receptor
competing for the CCK-B/ Gastrin receptor
blocking Ca4 channels
inhibiting the proton pump
How does the autonomic nervous system affect salivary secretory rate?
Salivary secretory rate is increased in response to parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation
Salivary secretory rate is decreased in response to parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation
Salivary secretory rate is increased in response to parasympathetic stimulation and decreased in response to sympathetic stimulation
Salivary secretory rate is decreased in response to parasympathetic stimulation and increased in response to sympathetic stimulation
The transport of which substance IS NOT Na+-dependant?
glucose
fructose
galactose
proline
tryptophan
Which bond is cleaved by the action of isomaltase?
α-1, 4 glycosidic bonds of maltose
α-1, 6 glycosidic bonds of α-limiting dextrin
α-1, 6 glycosidic bonds of maltriose
β-1,,4 glycosidic bond of trehalose
β-1, 6 glycosidic bond of lactase
Excessive absorption of which substance is responsible for hemochromatosis?
iron
copper
magnesium
calcium
zinc
Gastric emptying is primarily controlled by
the neuronal signals emanating from the medullary swallowing center
the volume of chyme in the stomach
conditions/factors in the duodenum
the degree of fluidity of the chyme in the stomach
The major chemical digestive activity that takes place in the stomach is
breakdown of starch
breakdown of proteins
digestion of fats
neutralization of acid by buffers & mucous
Which tissue layer provides for primary digestive motility?
mucosa
submucosa
mesentery
muscularis mucosa
Which one of the following is consistent with absorption of glucose molecules across the intestinal epithelium?
Glucose enters the intestinal epithelial cell through glucose channels in the apical membrane and leaves the cell through the basal membrane by facilitated diffusion
Glucose enters through the apical membrane by facilitated diffusion and leaves through the basal membrane by facilitated diffusion also
Glucose enters the cell through the apical membrane by co-transport with Na+ and leaves the cell through the basal membrane by facilitated diffusion
Glucose enters the cell through the apical membrane by facilitated diffusion and leaves the cell through the basal membrane by co-transport with Na+
None of the above
What hormone stimulates a feeling of hunger?
Cholecystokinin
Gastrin
Leptin
Ghrelin
The portions of the small intestine, in order from superior to inferior, are __________.
jejunum, cecum, duodenum
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
ileum, jejunum, cecum
duodenum, ileum, jejunum
What nerve innervates the external anal sphincter?
Pudendal nerve
Cluneal nerve
Perineal nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve
What vein carries the nutrient-rich blood from the gastrointestinal system to the liver for processing?
Splenic vein
Portal vein
Ileal vein
Left gastric vein
Lipids are transported out of the digestive tract via what system
Lymphatic system
Circulatory system
Hepatic system
Excritory system
Which of the following structures is the main blood supply to the small intestine?
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
Right hepatic
Left gastric
In what part of the brain is the swallowing center located?
medulla
cerebellum
thalamus
cingulate gyrus
