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Impacts on Water Systems

Total questions: 76

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which Texas ecoregion would most likely have the most evidence of erosion by water?

a)

Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes

b)

High Plains

c)

Blackland Prairie

d)

Trans Pecos

2.

This Texas ecoregion experiences little erosion due to its rich soil with much vegetation where trees are the main plant life.

a)

Piney Woods

b)

Coastal Sand Plain

c)

Rolling Plains

d)

Prairies

3.

Weathering can have which of the following effects in Texas?

a)

Sediment reaching the coast

b)

Building of mountains in west Texas

c)

Breaking down of rocks such as at Enchanted Rock

d)

All the above

4.

Deposition can have which of the following effects in Texas?

a)

Rounding or sharpening rocks

b)

Forming sand dunes at the coast

c)

Breaking down rocks such as at Enchanted Rock

d)

All the above

5.

Erosion can have which of the following effects in Texas?

a)

Moving the coastal shore line inland

b)

Building mountains in west Texas

c)

Breaking down Enchanted Rock

d)

All the above

6.

What was the effect of overgrazing in the Trans Pecos?

a)

Increased erosion of the soil

b)

Change from a grassland to mountainous desert

c)

Plant life is scarce

d)

All the above

7.

The landscape of the Texas Prairies has changed due to _____.

a)

periodic fires

b)

grazing of bison and livestock

c)

humans making cropland/farmland

d)

All the above

8.

In the Plains, soil erosion due to rain is lessened by ______.

a)

plenty of vegetation ground cover

b)

plowing and planting along curves

c)

efficient irrigation systems that use less water

d)

All the above

9.

In the Plains, droughts reduce the amount of plants causing erosion from _____ to be worse.

a)

wind

b)

rain

c)

ice

d)

gravity

10.

The Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes are often exposed to tropical storms originating in the Gulf of Mexico. Which of the following are effects on the coastline?

a)

reshaped by high winds and waves

b)

eroded and covered by water

c)

shoreline moves landward

d)

All the above

11.

In the Piney Woods and Oak Wood Forest, erosion by runoff is minimal due to ______.

a)

dense forests hold soil in place

b)

sediments are released into runoff

c)

fires have been going on for many years

d)

All the above

12.

Which of the following is a human use of the Gulf Coast Prairies that increases erosion?

a)

grazing of bison

b)

urban development

c)

logging

d)

All the above

13.

Identify the similarity between these ecoregions: Gulf Coast Prairies & Marshes, High Plains, and Trans Pecos

a)

Periodic fires used to maintain grass

b)

Wind erosion affects the land

c)

Native plants are scarce

d)

All the above

14.

All human development _____ the rate of erosion on the land.

a)

decreases

b)

increases

15.

_________, landslides, crustal movement, or the collapse of the tops of Volcanos can form lake basins.

a)

Erosion

b)

Runoff

c)

Watersheds

16.

A shallow part of a stream that flows over

uneven ground.

a)

stream

b)

riffle

c)

creek

17.

Water flows downhill because of ____.

a)

watershed

b)

gravity

c)

run off

18.

Most streams eventually flow into a lake or ____.

a)

estuary

b)

river

c)

ocean

19.

Contains a mixture of freshwater and salt water.

a)

estuary

b)

watershed

c)

lake

20.

A large body of water that forms in a basin or hollow area surrounded by land.

a)

stream

b)

watershed

c)

lake

21.

A body of water that flows within a channel.

a)

estuary

b)

runoff

c)

stream

22.

Water that flows over Earth’s surface

a)

run off

b)

watershed

c)

estuary

23.

Estuaries contain _________, which is a mixture of freshwater and salt water.

a)

brackish

b)

thermocline

c)

algae

24.

What are small bodies of fresh water that flow into rivers?

a)

brooks and creeks

b)

oceans and seas

c)

lakes and oceans

25.
What is an area of higher elevation that separates watersheds?
a)
Estuary
b)
Divide
c)
Wetland
d)
Transition zones
26.
What is a watershed?
a)
Water in an area
b)
Water that flows into a river or stream
c)
Land that water flows over and through
d)
Water that is salty
27.

What is an algal "bloom"?

a)

Plants bloom early down stream

b)

Water becomes cloudy

c)

Too much nutrient

d)

Extremely rapid growth of algae

28.

Bodies of water which are completely surrounded by land

a)

lakes

b)

tributaries

c)

gulfs and bays

d)

rivers

29.

Rivers or streams that flow into larger bodies

a)

lakes

b)

tributaries

c)

gulfs and bays

d)

rivers

30.

Large streams of water that flow along a certain path

a)

lakes

b)

tributaries

c)

gulfs and bays

d)

rivers

31.

Large flat areas of land with very few trees

a)

mountains

b)

hills

c)

plains

d)

plateaus

e)

peninsulas

32.

Water flowing downslope along Earth's surface is called ___.

a)

water fall

b)

runoff

c)

water shed

d)

stream

33.

Water is an agent of ________, carrying sediments in streams and rivers and depositing them downstream.

a)

erosion

b)

force

c)

gravity

d)

elevation

34.

Infiltration of water into the ground depends on the number of open ________.

a)

divide

b)

holes

c)

fissures

d)

pores

35.

All the land area that drains into a stream system is the system’s _________.

a)

runoff

b)

bed load

c)

watershed

d)

discharge

36.

Elevated land areas called __________ separate one watershed from another.

a)

mountains

b)

divides

c)

water splits

d)

water falls

37.

Streams _________ paths through sediment and rock, forming V-shaped stream valleys

a)

cut

b)

divide

c)

suspensions

d)

erode

38.

Water from precipitation gathers in gullies at a stream’s ___________.

a)

beds

b)

headwaters

c)

planes

d)

banks

39.

_____________ form in a variety of ways when depressions on land fill with water

a)

Streams

b)

Banks

c)

Rivers

d)

Lakes

40.

______________ is a natural nutrient-enrichment process that can be accelerated when nutrients from fertilizers, detergents, or sewage are added to water.

a)

Fertilizer

b)

Eutrophication

c)

Runoff

d)

Flooding

41.

_________ are low-lying areas that are periodically saturated with water and support specific plant species

a)

Wetlands

b)

Swamps

c)

Streams

d)

Troughs

42.

Marshes, swamps and bogs are all types of ___________ areas.

a)

inundated

b)

wetland

c)

enrichment

d)

low

43.
The streams and small rivers that feed into a main river are
a)
resevoirs
b)
lakes
c)
tributaries
d)
watersheds
44.
One watershed is separated from another by a ridge of land called a 
a)
tributary
b)
watershed
c)
divide
d)
resevoir
45.
The land area that supplies water to a river system
a)
divide
b)
watershed
c)
tributary
d)
lake
46.
A lake that stores water for human use. 
a)
pond
b)
stream
c)
reservoir
d)
sea
47.
Natural processes and _________ activities can cause lakes to disappear.
a)
robot
b)
human
c)
cloud
d)
space
48.
When nutrients build up in a lake.
a)
eutrophication
b)
reservoir
c)
watershed
d)
divide
49.
All of these can be sources of fresh water EXCEPT -
a)
rivers
b)
oceans
c)
lakes
d)
streams
50.

Fresh water flows downward from the tops of mountains and hills in moving bodies of water known as

a)

ponds

b)

oceans

c)

rivers

d)

lakes

51.
An ocean is larger than a lake.  Another difference is that only lakes have
a)
small waves
b)
small fish
c)
green plants
d)
fresh water
52.

Which type of water do we need to keep us alive?

a)

Salt water

b)

Fresh water

53.

What makes up most of the water on Earth?

a)

Salt water

b)

Fresh water

54.

Animals and humans need fresh water to survive. The amount of freshwater on Earth is....

a)

very large

b)

very small

55.

Freshwater makes up how much of the Earth's water supply?

a)

97%

b)

75%

c)

25%

d)

3%

56.

The graph above shows the chemicals and/or pollutants that are polluting our groundwater. Use this graph above to answer the following question. As the United States' population continues to grow, what is likely to be the greatest threat to our groundwater?

a)

Fertilizer (nitrates)

b)

Sewage

c)

Chemical spills from petroleum

d)

Salinity (salt)

57.
Why do we need to conserve water?
a)
It is an unlimited resource. 
b)
It is a limited resource. 
c)
There is a lot of water. 
d)
There is no need to conserve water.
58.

Glaciers are made from saltwater

a)

True

b)

False

59.

What makes "saltwater"?

a)

Rain has salt in it.

b)

Rain mixes it's salt with salt and other minerals from rocks.

c)

Rain washes salt and other minerals from rocks, and it mixes.

d)

ask Blayke

60.

Water that flows over the land to streams, rivers, and lakes

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

d)

Runoff

61.

Water that is found underground in the cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock is called:

a)

Groundwater

b)

River

c)

Surface water

d)

Snow

62.

Which of the following are groundwater?

a)

Lakes, ponds, creeks streams, ocean, rivers

b)

Wells, water table, aquifers

63.

A natural, underground area where large quantities of groundwater fill the spaces between rocks is a/an:

a)

ocean

b)

river

c)

aquifer

64.

To use water found in an aquifer, people would

a)

build a dam

b)

drill a well to below the water table

c)

purify ocean water

65.

Water collects in an aquifer because the layer below it is

a)

permeable (water can pass through it)

b)

impermeable (water can not pass through it)

c)

transparent

66.

Runoff picks up everything on the ground, including _________

a)

fertilizer and pesticides

b)

household chemicals and soap from washing cars

c)

chemicals from factories

d)

oil

e)

all the above

67.

Sources of water pollution include all of the following EXCEPT:

a)

Suburban homes

b)

Farms and golf courses

c)

Parking lots and city streets

d)

Water treatment plants

e)

Factories

68.

How can air pollution from cars and factories end up in our water??

a)

Oil drips from cars onto roads

b)

Air pollutants can dissolve in rain water

c)

We use soap to wash cars

69.
An area of permeable layer of rock or soil that holds a large amount of water in the saturated zone is called what?
a)
Aquifer
b)
Spring
c)
Well
d)
Reservoir
70.

What is the top level of the water-filled spaces (saturated zone) in the ground called?

a)

Groundwater

b)

Reservoir

c)

Water Table

d)

Well

71.
Sand is ___________, meaning that water can pass through easily.
a)
Permeable
b)
Impermeable
c)
Solid
d)
Soft
72.

The top of the groundwater’s zone of saturation - E

a)

Zone of Aeration

b)

Aquifer

c)

Surface water

d)

Water table

73.

The zone of percolation is where water trickles down to the aquifer and is _____________________

a)

polluted

b)

eroded

c)

filtered

d)

frozen

74.

What keeps aquifers from percolating deeper into the Earth?

a)

A porous layer

b)

A permeable confining layer

c)

A dry layer

d)

An impermeable confining layer

75.

Which area would describe an aquifer?

a)

left

b)

center

c)

right

76.

Which are would describe a confining layer?

a)

right

b)

center

c)

left

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