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Social Psych Unit

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Initiation rites are intended to increase
a)
loyalty to a group.
b)
hostility to a group.
c)
the task functions of a group.
d)
the altruism of a group.
2.
When she stands in front of her classmates, Miriam cannot recite a poem she had memorized. Miriam is
a)
engaging in groupthink.
b)
displaying social inhibition.
c)
violating a norm.
d)
performing a task function.
3.
Which of the following is an example of a primary group?
a)
a collection of people waiting to cross the street
b)
a husband and wife and their three children
c)
a classroom of students
d)
a crowd at a football game
4.
Failure to take action because of the presence of others is an example of
a)
altruism.
b)
polarization.
c)
social loafing.
d)
the bystander effect.
5.
What is the difference between members of an in-group and an out-group?
a)
Members of the in-group rely on members of the out-group for leadership.
b)
Members of the in-group set the agenda that members of the out-group must follow.
c)
Members of the in-group identify with each other, but not with members of the out-group.
d)
Members of the in-group are constantly seeking to join the members of the out-group.
6.
To be classified as a group, a collection of people must be
a)
interdependent
b)
polarized.
c)
altruistic.
d)
aggregate.
7.
The Stanford Prison experiment demonstrated
a)
the negative consequences of groupthink.
b)
how far people are willing to go when instructed to do something by an authority figure.
c)
the power that situations can have in changing how people feel, think, and behave.
d)
the boost that social facilitation can provide to individual performance.
8.
Lowered serotonin levels in a person’s brain could lead to
a)
violent outbursts.
b)
groupthink.
c)
meek conformity.
d)
social facilitation.
9.
Repetition of the same arguments resulting in stronger attitudes in support of the majority view is an example of
a)
group polarization.
b)
role conflict.
c)
groupthink.
d)
social networking.
10.
Which of the following statements would be most effective at keeping people from falling into the social trap?
a)
“It is important to obey authority.”
b)
“Yes, you do make a difference.”
c)
“Joining a gang could lead to a life of crime.”
d)
“Don’t do something just because your friends are doing it.”
11.
You don’t like alcohol, but all your friends are drinking beer at a party so you do too. This is an example of
a)
groupthink.
b)
obedience.
c)
catharsis.
d)
conformity.
12.
Which of the following statements about the effect of culture on conformity is accurate?
a)
East African cultures do not strongly emphasize contributions to the family.
b)
Asian cultures emphasize respect and discipline.
c)
Working class American families stress independence more than conformity.
d)
South American cultures emphasize conformity as the most important social norm.
13.
Albert Bandura would be best qualified to promote which of the following agendas?
a)
how parents can learn to avoid displaying aggressive behavior in front of their children
b)
how companies can prevent workers from social loafing
c)
how government agencies can avoid falling into groupthink
d)
how to prevent diffusion of responsibility from limiting altruism
14.
According to the Robbers Cave experiment, an effective way to end hostilities between two groups would be to
a)
allow individuals in one group to administer electric shocks to members of the other group.
b)
set up a series of competitions between the two sides.
c)
designate one group as prisoners and one group as guards in a role-playing exercise.
d)
make them cooperate with each other to complete a task.
15.
Which of the following occurs when you agree to the request of another person even though you don’t think the request is right?
a)
deindividuation
b)
compliance
c)
bystander effect
d)
social loafing
16.
Jerry Burger would most likely agree with which of the following statements?
a)
Obedience to authority has significantly declined over the past 40 years.
b)
Obedience to authority has significantly increased over the past 40 years.
c)
Obedience to authority has moderately declined over the past 40 years.
d)
Obedience to authority has not significantly changed over the past 40 years.
17.
The bystander effect increases with
a)
obedience of the crowd.
b)
the social facilitation of the crowd.
c)
the size of the crowd.
d)
the altruism of the crowd.
18.
If a salesman convinced you to let him into your living room to talk about vacuum cleaners, he is using the
a)
cathartic effect.
b)
power of conformity
c)
groupthink dilemma.
d)
foot-in-the-door technique.
19.
Which of the following is the best definition of conformity?
a)
A change in behaviour or belief toward a group as a result of real or imagined group pressure
b)
A change in behaviour or belief as a result of direct pressure from a person in authority.
c)
Change in behaviour or belief as a result of indirect pressure from a person in authority.
d)
A change in behaviour or belief as a result of a direct request by someone with no authority.
20.
What term refers to the phenomenon in which a group of people are less likely to help out in an emergency than an individual? 
a)
Bystander Effect
b)
Diffusion of Responsibility 
c)
Conformity
d)
Assumption of Responsibility
21.
Which researcher's work was key to our understanding of obedience 
a)
Asch
b)
Milgram
c)
Eichmann
d)
Durkheim 
22.
Which researcher's work was key to our understanding of conformity? 
a)
Asch
b)
Milgram
c)
Eichmann
d)
Durkheim 
23.
Which researcher's work was key to our understanding of conformity? 
a)
Asch
b)
Milgram
c)
Eichmann
d)
Durkheim 
24.
What term best describes an actor in an experiment who is working for the researcher? 
a)
Confederate
b)
Participant
c)
Learner
d)
Subject
25.
What term best describes an actor in an experiment who is working for the researcher? 
a)
Confederate
b)
Participant
c)
Learner
d)
Subject
26.
What term means changing one's behavior in response to an authority figure's command?  
a)
Obedience
b)
Conformity 
c)
Peer pressure
d)
Evolution
27.
What term means acting in ways that fit with group norms and customs? 
a)
Obedience
b)
Conformity 
c)
Peer pressure
d)
Society
28.
What did the electric shock experiment show? 
a)
Most people will obey orders, even when it harms others. 
b)
Morality is more important to people than being obedient 
c)
Most people prefer social acceptance than to be correct. 
d)
Conformity can lead to obedience 
29.
Feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events are called
a)
roles.
b)
norms.
c)
attitudes.
d)
attributions.
30.
The Stanford Prison experiment demonstrated
a)
the negative consequences of groupthink.
b)
how far people are willing to go when instructed to do something by an authority figure.
c)
the power that situations can have in changing how people feel, think, and behave.
d)
the boost that social facilitation can provide to individual performance.
31.
Repetition of the same arguments resulting in stronger attitudes in support of the majority view is an example of
a)
group polarization.
b)
role conflict.
c)
groupthink.
d)
social networking.
32.
The bystander effect increases with
a)
obedience of the crowd.
b)
the social facilitation of the crowd.
c)
the size of the crowd.
d)
the altruism of the crowd.
33.
The bystander effect increases with
a)
obedience of the crowd.
b)
the social facilitation of the crowd.
c)
the size of the crowd.
d)
the altruism of the crowd.
34.
The mental stress or discomfort caused ban individual experiencing inconsistency between thoughts and actions. 
a)
Cognitive Dissonance
b)
Groupthink
c)
Deindividuation
d)
Attitude
35.
The tendency to believe that people get what they deserve. 
a)
Bystander effect
b)
Proximity
c)
Discrimination
d)
Belief in a Just World
36.
Preferential or disadvantageous behavior toward an individual or group. 
a)
Obedience
b)
Prejudice
c)
Discrimination
d)
Other-race-effect
37.
"I don't like atheists" is an example of which concept?
a)
Stereotype
b)
Prejudice
c)
Discrimination
d)
Ethnocentrism
38.
The text defines social psychology as the scientific study of how people ________ one another.
a)
understand, feel about, and behave toward
b)
think about, influence, and relate to
c)
observe, understand, and communicate with
d)
understand, predict, and control
39.

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.

a)

Deindividuation

b)

Entitlement

c)

Group Dynamics

d)

Group Attitude

40.

Discrimination refers to negative _________________.

a)

beliefs

b)

behaviors

c)

attitudes

d)

dispositions

41.

Stanley Milgram focused his experiments on the theme of...

a)

conformity to the group.

b)

the nature of prosocial behavior.

c)

the influence of ascribed roles on behaviour.

d)

obedience to authority

42.

Asch's experiments focused on the question of...

a)

how people act out ascribed roles.

b)

what influences people to carry out antisocial behaviours.

c)

obedience to an authority figure.

d)

conformity in a group setting.

43.

Zimbardo's most famous experiment studied

a)

the power of roles and situations.

b)

conformity.

c)

obedience to authority.

d)

if people would help when in a group.

44.

Group polarization is the tendency for

a)

a group to become divided on an issue.

b)

a group's opinion to strengthen after talking with like-minded people.

c)

a group to become extreme in their viewpoints when challenged.

d)

agreeing with a group to keep everyone happy

45.
___ states that the more we see or experience of something, the more we will like it.
a)
The Social Thinking Theory
b)
Attraction
c)
The Mere Exposure Effect
d)
Foot in the Door 
46.
What is the difference between members of an in-group and an out-group?
a)
Members of the in-group rely on members of the out-group for leadership.
b)
Members of the in-group set the agenda that members of the out-group must follow.
c)
Members of the in-group identify with each other, but not with members of the out-group.
d)
Members of the in-group are constantly seeking to join the members of the out-group.
47.
Albert Bandura would be best qualified to promote which of the following agendas?
a)
how parents can learn to avoid displaying aggressive behavior in front of their children
b)
how companies can prevent workers from social loafing
c)
how government agencies can avoid falling into groupthink
d)
how to prevent diffusion of responsibility from limiting altruism
48.
If a salesman convinced you to let him into your living room to talk about vacuum cleaners, he is using the
a)
cathartic effect.
b)
power of conformity
c)
groupthink dilemma.
d)
foot-in-the-door technique.
49.

The main task of the Solomon Asch studies was ____________________.

a)

judging line sizes

b)

selecting paint colors

c)

rating new fashions

d)

taste-testing new candies

e)

distinguishing facial expressions

50.

People who exert less effort on a task when working in a group than they do when working individually are engaging in ___________.

a)

social conformity

b)

social idleness

c)

groupthink

d)

malingering

e)

social loafing

51.

A teacher decides against assigning group projects in which all group members get the same grade. What social psychological phenomenon might the teacher be concerned about?

a)

social facilitation

b)

social loafing

c)

social influence

d)

social idleness

e)

conformity

52.

The tendency of people to comply with a second, lesser request after refusing a larger one is called the ______ technique.

a)

door-in-the-face

b)

bait-and-switch

c)

all-in

d)

diminished cost

e)

lowball

53.

What is a difference between obedience and conformity?

a)

In conformity, there is a perceived difference in status between the one who conforms and the group.

b)

In obedience, there is a difference in status between the one who obeys and the one who makes the request.

c)

Conformity requires strict adherence to the rules, whereas obedience does not.

d)

Obedience is an indirect request, whereas conformity is a direct request.

e)

Conformity involves agreeing to change in response to a request, whereas obedience involves an indirect request for agreement.

54.

Attitudes are __________________.

a)

unchangeable

b)

generally negative

c)

learned

d)

generally positive

e)

innate

55.

Which of the following is the correct definition of cognitive dissonance?

a)

the tendency for members of a close-knit group to put less effort into a simple task because they are working together

b)

the tendency for members of a group to avoid taking responsibility for their actions because they assume that others will do so

c)

a state of tension that occurs when a person’s behavior does not correspond to the his or her attitude

d)

the tendency for members of a close-knit group to think alike for the sake of harmony and to suppress disagreement

e)

a belief that a statement is true just because the person has heard it repeated over and over again

56.

Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance?

a)

You stop eating your favorite dessert to reduce fat in your diet

b)

You believe that reality TV is for morons but are addicted to Jersey Shore and watch every episode.

c)

You are a lousy cook but you keep trying different recipes.

d)

You dislike doing exercise but do it anyway to improve your health

e)

You are polite and civil to people you dislike.

57.

The issue of racial profiling has been a controversial topic in the United States for many years, and it was particularly widespread after the events of September 11, 2001. When an individual engages in profiling and assumes that one person must possess certain qualities because of their race or ethnicity, (s)he is engaging in _____________.

a)

attributing

b)

discrimination

c)

stereotyping

d)

categorizing

e)

social loafing

58.

The study of the judgments people make as to whether someone else’s behavior is due to something about that person or due to the person’s situation is called ______.

a)

cognitive dissonance

b)

the primacy effect

c)

social categorization

d)

stereotyping

e)

attribution theory

59.

Which statement is the best explanation of the fundamental attribution error?

a)

We attribute most of what people do to the influence of situations.

b)

We are more likely to attribute another’s behavior to external rather than to dispositional causes.

c)

We rely on the first information we receive to make internal attributions.

d)

We tend to attribute our successes to our own efforts and our failures to the shortcomings of others

e)

We are more likely to attribute another’s behavior to internal rather than to situational causes.

60.

Prejudice is a(n) _________, whereas discrimination is a(n) ________.

a)

behavior; attitude

b)

attitude; behavior

c)

dislike; hatred

d)

hatred; dislike

e)

response; cognition

61.
The tendency to overestimate disposition & underestimate the situation when analyzing the behavior of others is known as ___.
a)
Disposition
b)
Fundamental Attribution Error
c)
General Adaptation Syndrome
d)
Emotional Blends
62.
___ states that the more we see or experience of something, the more we will like it.
a)
The Social Thinking Theory
b)
Attraction
c)
The Mere Exposure Effect
d)
Foot in the Door 
63.
Research on physical attractiveness has shown that 
a)
most people disregard physical attractiveness when forming first impressions of others 
b)
desirable personality characteristics are typically ascribed to good-looking people 
c)
good-looking people tend to be viewed as less intelligent and competent 
d)
men are less likely than women to make biased judgments of others based on physical appearance 
64.

The "fundamental attribution error" phenomenon can best be seen in which of the following examples

a)

John blames his failure to get a job on his lack of appropriate skills and ill preparedness

b)

Phyllis doesn't get the lead in the school play and blames her drama teacher for this failure.

c)

Jane blames herself for forgetting that she has a term paper due in two days

d)

Bill doesn't hire John bc he believes that John's lateness is a result of John's laziness & lack of respect for the job. In reality, John was late bc he got a flat tire on the way to the interview

e)

Karen understands that her friend is late because she was caught in rush hour traffic.

65.

A child tries to get a raise on his weekly allowance. When he first approaches his parents, he asks for $100 per wk. His parents scoff & tell him this out of the question. Then, he asks for $50 per wk, & receives the same reply. Finally, he ask for $10 per wk & his parents agree. This is an example of

a)

foot in the door phenomenon

b)

central route of persuasion

c)

peripheral route of persuasion

d)

door in the face phenoomenon

66.

When Paul had his first oboe solo in the orchestra concert, his performance was far worse than it was when he rehearsed at home. A phenomenon that helps explain Paul's poor performance is known as

a)

social loafing

b)

groupthink

c)

social inhibition (impairment)

d)

deindividuation

67.
According to the Robbers Cave experiment, an effective way to end hostilities between two groups would be to
a)
allow individuals in one group to administer electric shocks to members of the other group.
b)
set up a series of competitions between the two sides.
c)
designate one group as prisoners and one group as guards in a role-playing exercise.
d)
make them cooperate with each other to complete a task.