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WorksheetsUnit 2 Test - Proteins, DNA, Enzymes, and Mutations
Total questions: 33
Worksheet time: 33mins
What do enzymes end in?
ase
ose
acid
nucleotides
Enzymes are classified as what macromolecule?
Carbs
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Since enzymes are classified as proteins, what is the monomer of an enzyme?
amino acids
monosaccharide
fatty acid and glycerol
nucleotides
What are enzymes in reference to chemical reactions?
Catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
Catalysts that slow down chemical reactions
building blocks that come together to create polymers
molecules that break down all substrates
What impact does pH have on enzymes?
Each enzyme has a specific optimum pH. Extreme pH (high or low) will denature an enzyme.
Each enzyme can operate at any pH, so pH does not impact enzymes.
pH can slow down enzymes, but never denatures them.
Each enzyme has a specific optimum pH. All enzymes operate best at a pH of 7.
How do enzymes work? What is their impact on activation energy?
Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Enzymes are catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by increasing the activation energy.
Enzymes are catalysts that slow down chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Enzymes are catalysts that slow down chemical reactions by increasing the activation energy.
What does it mean to denature an enzyme?
Change its shape
Change its effectiveness
Change its substrate
Change its functionality
Define the word substrate
The molecule that the enzyme acts upon
The molecule that denatures the enyme
The spot on the enzyme that binds to the product
The enzyme after it is denatured
The active site...
is where the substrate binds to the enzyme
is where the enzyme is composed on amino acids
is where the enzyme gets denatured
is the entire enzyme
The substrate turns into the
product
enzyme
active site
amino acid
What would happen to enzyme D if it was placed in a pH of 1?
it would denature
it would slow down, but not denature
it would be functioning at its optimum pH
It would increase in function
What would be the complimentary DNA strand to the template strand: 5' AGA 3'
5' AGA 3'
5' TCT 3'
3' TCT 5'
3' UCU 5'
If a DNA strand is composed of 10% adenine, what % thymine would make it up?
10%
40%
30%
There is no way to tell
If a DNA strand is composed of 10% Adenine, what percent of the strand would be composed of Guanine?
10%
40%
30%
There is no way to tell
True or false: All organisms contain the nitrogen bases A,T,C,G in their DNA.
True
False
A nucleotide is composed of what 3 molecules?
Phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
Phosphate, sugar, hydrogen bond
Phosphate, ribose sugar, uracil
Phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, thymine
What does helicase do during DNA replication?
Breaks the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases
Breaks the hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen bases
Unwinds the DNA double helix
Adds the new nucleotides to the new strand
What does DNA polymerase do?
Adds new nucleotides to the exposed template strand and proofreads for mistakes
Unzips the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds
Unwinds the DNA double helix
Glues the okazaki fragments together
On which strand does DNA polymerase follow the replication fork (helicase)?
Leading
Lagging
New
old
Which strand contains okazaki fragments?
leading
lagging
DNA and RNA are examples of which macromolecules?
Carbs
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
What is the monomer/building blocks of DNA and RNA?
monosaccharide
fatty acid and glycerol
amino acid
nucleotide
All of these are examples of differences between DNA and RNA EXCEPT which one?
RNA contains Uracil, DNA contains Thymine
RNA is single stranded, DNA is double stranded
RNA contains ribose sugar, DNA contains deoxyribose sugar
RNA is found in viruses, DNA is found in humans
DNA is turned into RNA in what process?
Transcription
Translation
Replication
catalyzation
RNA is turned into amino acids through what process?
Transcription
Translation
Replication
catalyzation
The mRNA codon AUG codes for met (start) amino acid in which organisms?
Viruses
Humans
Prokaryotes
All organisms
Transcribe ATT into its RNA sequence
TAA
UAA
You cannot do this, there is no T in DNA
Translate UCC into its amino acid
Ser
Met
Glu
Phe
Where does transcription occur within a cell?
The nucleus
The cytoplasm
The ribosomes
The golgi bodies
Where does translation occur within a cell?
The nucleus
The cytoplasm/ribosomes
The golgi body
The smooth ER
The DNA will code for the same protein
The DNA will code for a nonfunctional protein
The DNA will code for an incomplete protein
The DNA will code for the same protein with a different shape
Why are frameshift mutations more harmful than substitution mutations?
The process stops early during a frameshift mutation
The missing base would leave a hole in the DNA
The rest of the DNA would not be translated
The codons shift one letter for all bases after the mutations, changing all of them as well.
Changing one base for another in the DNA sequence would result in what type of mutation?
frameshift
substitution
deletion
insertion
