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Biology Protein Synthesis Review

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Because you are reusing the old, or parent, DNA strand DNA replication is said to be

a)

Semi- Conservative

b)

Continuous

c)

Semi-discontinuous

d)

Fully-Conservative

2.

What is the name of the enzyme that unzips and unwinds the DNA?

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA polyermase

c)

DNA Ligase

d)

RNA Polymerase

3.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding the free nucleotides to the replicating DNA? ​

a)

DNA polyermase

b)

DNA Helicase

c)

DNA Ligase

d)

RNA Polymerase

4.

Which is the first step of DNA replication?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

c)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

5.

What are the gaps between the newly synthesized DNA on the lagging strand called?

a)

Okazaki fragments

b)

Helicase fragments

c)

Polymer gaps

d)

Acidic gaps

6.

DNA is replicated during the____________ stage of the cell cycle.

a)

Synthesis

b)

Synapse

c)

Growth 1

d)

Mitosis

7.

DNA replication starts at many points in eukaryotic chromosomes.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

What does DNA stand for?

a)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

b)

Denitrogenous Acid

c)

Deribonucleic Acid

d)

Diribonucleic Acid

9.

In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Guanine

d)

Uracil

10.

What will the matching sequence be on a strand that reads AAGCTAT?

a)

TTCGATA

b)

AACGATA

c)

TTCGTTA

d)

CCTGATA

11.

DNA polymerase is a(n)

a)

Enzyme

b)

Sugar

c)

Starch

d)

Lipid

12.

Hydrogen Bonds could form between certain nitrogenous bases and provide just enough force to hold the two strands together. Base pairing of hydrogen bonds can only form between certain Nitrogenous bases, such as between

a)

Adenine and Thymine

b)

Adenine and Cytosine

c)

Guanine and Thymine

d)

Thymine and Cytosine

13.

What is a gene?

a)

A specific part of your DNA that codes for a protein.

b)

A specific part of your cell that builds a protein.

c)

All of your DNA

d)

A piece of DNA

14.

The enzyme that unwinds the DNA to prepare for replication

a)

Helicase

b)

Replicase

c)

Polymerase

d)

Synthase

15.

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

a)

each one with one new strand and one original strand

b)

one with two new strands and the other with two original strands

c)

each one with two new strands

d)

each one with two original strands

16.

Based on the diagram, the enzyme (represented in gray) is most likely...

a)

DNA polymerase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

Nuclease

d)

Helicase

17.

Which of the following best describes recombinant DNA?

a)

DNA molecules composed of DNA from different sources

b)

molecules that have undergone DNA fingerprinting analysis

c)

genetic information from selectively bred organisms

d)

genetic information that has been cut with restriction enzymes

18.

Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?

a)

John

b)

Bob

c)

Sue

d)

Lisa

19.

Combining DNA from 2 different organisms is called

a)

Genetic Engineering

b)

Recombinant DNA

c)

Biotechnology

d)

Bioengineering

20.

DNA fingerprinting works because

a)

No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA

b)

The most important genes are different among most people

c)

Most people have DNA that contains repeats

d)

Most genes are dominant

21.

Separation of DNA using electric current is called

a)

Gel Electrophoresis

b)

Chromosome painting

c)

Polymerase chain reaction

d)

Restrictive Enzyme Sorting

22.

What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?

a)

To cleave nucleic acids at specific sites.

b)

To add new nucleotides to the growing strand of DNA.

c)

To join nucleotides during transcription.

d)

To join nucleotides during replication.

23.

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

a)

double helix

b)

made of amino acids

c)

contains Uracil

d)

contains ribose

24.

Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

a)

deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

b)

deoxyribose sugar and adenine

c)

deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus

d)

deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond

25.

Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?

a)

hydrogen bonds

b)

covalent bonds

c)

polar bonds

d)

ionic bonds

26.

Which two scientists are accredited with correctly deducing the double helix model of DNA?

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Wilkins and Crick

c)

Wilkins and Franklin

d)

Watson and Franklin

27.

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

a)

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

b)

sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base

c)

sugar, phosphate, protein

d)

sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base

28.

Cytosine always pairs with

a)

Guanine

b)

Thymine

c)

Uracil

d)

Adenine

29.

Which organelle is DNA usually found in?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

vacuole

d)

cell membrane

30.

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:

5'-ATGCCAT-3'

a)

3'-TACGGTA-5'

b)

5'-ATGGCAT-3'

c)

5'-TACGGTA-3'

d)

3'-ATGGCAT-5'

31.

Chargraff's Rule says that in DNA

a)

Adenine will be equal to Thymine

b)

Uracil will be equal to Guanine

c)

Cytosine will be equal to Thymine

d)

Adenine will be equal to Cytosine

32.

Franklin used x-ray crystallography to determine the shape of the DNA molecule is

a)

a twisted ladder

b)

a cloverleaf

c)

a pleated sheet

d)

a braided rope

33.

Which two nucleotides below are purines?

a)

Adenine and Guanine

b)

Adenine and Thymine

c)

Cytosine and Guanine

d)

Cytosine and Thymine

34.

In the diagram below, strands I and II represent portions of a DNA molecule. Strand II would normally include

a)

GAT

b)

TAC

c)

TCG

d)

AGC

35.

Which amino acid sequence can be coded from the DNA sequence CAG TAG CGA?

a)

val-ile-ala

b)

val-ile-gly

c)

val-asp-ala

d)

None of these

36.

Which of these will complete the mRNA strand matched to DNA?

a)

GUC

b)

AUG

c)

CAG

d)

UAC

37.

If a cell’s chromosomes do not duplicate accurately, the daughter cells will be different from the parent cell. In the diagram when would this occur?

a)

Letter B

b)

Letter C

c)

Letter A

d)

Letter D

38.

What are the three parts of a DNA nucleotide?

a)

deoxyribose (sugar), phosphate, nitrogenous base

b)

deoxyribose (sugar), amino acid, phosphate

c)

ribose (sugar), phosphate, thymine

d)

ribose (sugar), phosphate, uracil

39.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA (select all that apply).

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

c)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

40.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

mRNA

b)

dRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

tRNA

41.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Ribose

c)

Peptide Bonds

d)

Nucleotides

42.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Gene

b)

tRNA

c)

Amino Acids

d)

Ribose

43.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

44.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Transcription

b)

Delivery

c)

Translation

d)

Replication

45.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

AACTGAA

c)

TTGACTT

d)

AACUGAA

46.

In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______.

a)

adenine

b)

cytosine

c)

thymine

d)

guanine

47.

What process is going on in this photo?

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

All the above

48.

Which component of DNA determines the traits of an organism?

a)

Nitrogen Bases

b)

Sugar-Phosphate Backbone

c)

Hydrogen bonds

d)

Amino Acids

49.

What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?

a)

Codon

b)

Anticodon

c)

Protein

d)

Gene

50.

Translation is the process where

a)

mRNA is decoded to form a protein

b)

is where lipids are synthesised

c)

glucose molecules are made

d)

mRNA is created in the Nucleus

51.

Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?

a)

Yes

b)

No

52.

What process is happening in the diagram?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

dna replication

d)

mitosis

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