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STRESS, STRAIN AND DEFORMATION OF SOLIDS

Total questions: 104

Worksheet time: 2hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If the Young's modulus of steel is twice that of copper, which statement is true?

a)

The extension of the copper wire is twice of the steel wire.

b)

The stress of the steel wire is twice of the copper wire.

c)

The strain of the steel wire is twice of the copper wire.

d)

The final length of the copper wire is twice of the steel wire.

2.

A steel wire of length 2 m and cross-sectional area 0.80 x 10-6 m2 has a Young modulus of 2.0 x 1011 Pa. The upper end of the wire is fixed and a load of 4 N is tied at the other end. The extension in mm of the wire is

a)

0.002

b)

0.050

c)

0.50

d)

1.00

e)

5.00

3.

What is the correct unit for strain?

a)

Pa

b)

Nm-2

c)

No unit

d)

Nm2

4.

Select all the correct units for stress.

a)

Pa

b)

Nm-2

c)

Nm2

d)

No unit

5.

Select all the correct units for Young's Modulus

a)

Pa

b)

Nm-2

c)

Jm-3

d)

No unit

6.

The Young's Modulus is defined as...

a)

The gradient of a stress strain graph

b)

The energy required to stretch a material.

c)

Stress/Strain

d)

Force/Extension.

7.

When a spring fixed at one end is pulled by a force of 8 N, the extension is 40 mm. Two such springs are joined in series and is pulled to produce a total extension of 40 mm. What is the strain energy in the springs?

a)

0.04 J

b)

0.08 J

c)

0.16 J

d)

0.32 J

8.

If the material recovers the original dimensions, when an external load is removed, this deformation is known as ______ deformation

a)

plastic

b)

permanent

c)

elastic

d)

reversible

9.

If the material recovers the original dimensions, when an external load is removed, this deformation is known as ______ deformation

a)

plastic

b)

permanent

c)

elastic

d)

reversible

10.

Tensile Strain is

a)

Increase in lengthoriginal length\frac{Increase\ in\ length}{original\ length}

b)

decrease in lengthoriginal length\frac{decrease\ in\ length}{original\ length}

c)

change in volumeoriginal volume\frac{change\ in\ volume}{original\ volume}

d)

all of the answer

11.

Compressive Strain is

a)

increase in lengthoriginal length\frac{increase\ in\ length}{original\ length}

b)

decrease in lengthoriginal length \frac{decrease\ in\ length}{original\ length}\

c)

change in volumeoriginal volume\frac{change\ in\ volume}{original\ volume}

d)

all the answers

12.

Hooke's law states that

a)

the extension is proportional to the load when the elastic limit is not exceeded

b)

the extension is inversely proportional to the load when the elastic limit is not exceeded

c)

the extension is independent of the load when the elastic limit is not exceeded

d)

load is dependent on extension

13.

At ‘yield point’ of a copper wire

a)

the load hasn't exceeded the elastic limit yet; so, Hooke's law applies

b)

the load has already exceeded the elastic limit and the material has become plastic

c)

even the plastic stage has passed and the wire has snapped already

d)

Like Brass and Bronze, Copper has no yield point

14.

Substances that elongate considerably and undergo plastic deformation before they break are known as

a)

brittle material

b)

ductile material

c)

stiff material

d)

plastic material

15.

Hooke's law holds good up to

a)

elastic limit

b)

breaking point

c)

yield point

d)

proportionality limit

16.

If the length of wire is stretched by a load is doubled, then it's Young's modulus will be

a)

doubled

b)

halved

c)

becomes four times

d)

unaffected

17.

Which of the following material is the most elastic?

a)

rubber

b)

copper

c)

brass

d)

steel

18.

When a wire is stretched to double in length, the longitudinal strain produced in it is

a)

0.5

b)

1.0

c)

1.5

d)

2.0

19.

Figure below shows a stress-stain graph for a ductile metal under tension. Which part represents the plastic deformation?

a)

P → Q

b)

Q → R

c)

R → T

d)

R → U

20.

Ultimate tensile strength of a steel rod is the stress at which the rod

a)

fractures.

b)

deforms.

c)

returns to original shape when the stress is removed

d)

becomes soft and starts form necking

21.

The variation of stress with strain for materials P and Q until their breaking points are shown in the graph below. Which is TRUE about materials P and Q

a)

Material Q is stiffer than material P.

b)

Material P is brittle but material Q is ductile.

c)

Material P is more difficult to break compared to material Q.

d)

Material P needs more work to break compared to material Q

22.

Figure below shows a graph of stress-strain for a ductile material. Which pair of the points shows the elastic limit and fracture point?

a)

P and Q

b)

P and R

c)

R and S

d)

Q and T

23.

A force F stretching a wire produces an extension x. The energy stored in the stretched wire is 1/2Fx only if

a)

the elastic limit is not exceeded

b)

the extension is directly proportional to the force

c)

the cross-sectional area of the wire remains unchanged

d)

the weight of the wire is negligible

24.

A wire has natural length L, cross-sectional area A and E the Young's modulus of its material. Which of the following relates correctly the Young's modulus E to the force constant k of the wire.

a)

E= AL/k

b)

E= L/kA

c)

E= kA/L

d)

E= kL/A

25.

If the Young's modulus of steel is twice that of copper, which statement is true?

a)

The extension of the copper wire is twice of the steel wire.

b)

The stress of the steel wire is twice of the copper wire.

c)

The strain of the steel wire is twice of the copper wire.

d)

The final length of the copper wire is twice of the steel wire.

26.

stress

a)

the process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress

b)

the amount of force per square unit area on a given material

c)

stress that occurs when an object is stretched

d)

stress that occurs when an object is squeezed

27.

What is the deformation of materials in response to stress?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

28.

What is the process when stress causes a material to strain, but afterward the material returns to its original shape?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Plastic Deformation

e)

Fault

29.

What is the process when stress causes a material to strain past the elastic limit and material has permanent deformation?

a)

Stress

b)

Strain

c)

Elastic Deformation

d)

Ductile Deformation

e)

Fault

30.

Which letter is pointing to the elastic limit?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

31.

Which letter points to the section that shows elastic deformation?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

32.

Which letter points to the section that shows ductile deformation?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

33.

Which letter is pointing to where the material will break?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

34.

Which section reversible ?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

35.

compression

a)

the process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress

b)

the amount of force per square unit area on a given material

c)

stress that occurs when an object is stretched

d)

stress that occurs when an object is sqeezed

36.

tension

a)

the process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress

b)

the amount of force per square unit area on a given material

c)

stress that occurs when an object is stretched

d)

stress that occurs when an object is squeezed

37.

What happens when stress exceeds strain?

a)

Nothing happens, the material stays as is

b)

The material will go back to normal

c)

The material will stay deformed

d)

The material will break

38.

Another term for breaking is

a)

stress

b)

strain

c)

failure

d)

deformation

39.

The cause of elasticity of a substance is

a)

deformation

b)

large internal restoring force

c)

low internal restoring force

d)

less distance between the molecules

40.

The graph of stress against strain is always

a)

straight line

b)

parabola

c)

Straight line in elastic region

d)

parabola in elastic region

41.

Young's modulus is property of

a)

solids

b)

solids and liquids

c)

solids or liquids

d)

gases

42.

There are two identical wires with Young's moduli Y1 and Y2 respectively such that Y1> Y2. If they are hung from a rigid support and same weight is applied to them at their free ends then

a)

elongation in the wires will be same

b)

elongation in the first wire will be more

c)

First wire will constrict more

d)

Elongation in the second wire will be more

43.

The bulk modulus of a material of a wire 1m long is B. So the bulk modulus of a 2m long wire of same material will be

a)

2B

b)

B

c)

2/B

d)

B/2

44.

Compressibility is reciprocal of

a)

Young's modulus

b)

Modulus of elasticity

c)

Shear modulus

d)

Bulk modulus

45.

If a wire breaks just after plastic flow begins then material is

a)

strong

b)

hard

c)

brittle

d)

ductile

46.

Which of the following have same unit as Young Modulus ?

a)

Strain

b)

Stress

c)

Energy

d)

Work

47.

The gradient of stress-strain graph represents

a)

Young Modulus

b)

Stress energy

c)

Strain energy

d)

Strain energy per volume

48.

Young's modulus is a proportional constant that relates the force per unit area to

a)

the fractional change in volume

b)

the spring constant

c)

the pressure

d)

the fractional change in length

49.

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about Young's Modulus ?

a)

It does not depends on the length of the wire.

b)

it depends on the material of the wire.

c)

It is the ratio of tensile stress to the tensile strain if the proportionality limit has not been exceed.

d)

It is a property of a material that enables them to return to their original shape and size when the applied force is removed.

50.

Which of these cannot undergo deformation?

a)

A piece of wood

b)

Orange juice

c)

Rigid body

d)

Hydrogen gas

51.

Deformation is a matter (a)   under the action of an external force.

52.

Stress has the same unit as ...

a)

Sound intensity

b)

Work

c)

Pressure

d)

Strain

53.

For the same amount of force applied, what is the stress on a given object if the surface area is halved?

a)

half the original

b)

remain unchanged

c)

twice the original

54.

Stretching occurs when ___ force is applied onto an object.

a)

compressive

b)

tensile

c)

radial

d)

explosive

55.

The force that is applied on an object must be applied ___ to the surface of the object.

a)

parallel

b)

perpendicular

c)

at an angle θ

56.

True or False: If an object have a large number of strain, it is a strong material.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

True or False: Plastic deformation occurs when a material behaves within its elastic limit.

a)

True

b)

False

58.

True or False: Strain is the fractional change in the dimensions of the object with unit of N⁻¹.

a)

True

b)

False

59.

A ductile material ...

a)

break without deforming

b)

changes its shape and size before breaking

60.

A brittle material ...

a)

break without deforming

b)

changes its shape and size before breaking

61.

True or False: Necking occurs at the breaking stress or ultimate tensile strength.

a)

True

b)

False

62.

Which of these does not obey Hooke's Law?

a)

elastic deformation

b)

plastic deformation

63.

Is there any heat dissipation during elastic deformation?

a)

Yes

b)

No

64.

A higher modulus indicates that the material is

a)

harder to deform.

b)

easier to deform.

c)

more ductile

d)

None

65.

Hooke's law states that

a)

the extension is directly proportional to the load up to the limit of proportionality

b)

the extension is inversely proportional to the load up to the limit of proportionality

c)

the extension is independent of the load when the elastic limit is not exceeded

d)

load is dependent on extension

66.

What is the correct unit for strain?

a)

Pa

b)

Nm-2

c)

No unit

d)

Nm2

67.

Two wires, one made of brass and the other of steel, are stretched in an experiment. Both wires obey Hooke’s law during this experiment.

The Young modulus for brass is less than the Young modulus for steel.

Which graph shows how the stress varies with strain for both wires in this experiment?

a)
b)
c)
d)
68.

Four solid steel rods, each of length 2.0 m and cross-sectional area 250 mm2, equally support an object weighing 10 kN. The weight of the object causes the rods to contract by 0.10 mm. The rods obey Hooke’s law.

What is the Young modulus of steel?

a)

2.0 × 108 N m–2

b)

2.0 × 1011 N m–2

c)

8.0 × 108 N m–2

d)

8.0 × 1011 N m–2

69.

A wire is attached at one end to a fixed point. A tensile force F is applied to the other end of the wire, causing it to extend. This is shown on the graph by the line OSP.

The force F is then gradually reduced to zero and the wire contracts. This is shown on the graph by the line PQ.

Which area on the graph represents the work done by the wire as it contracts?

a)

OSTO

b)

OSPRO

c)

QPRQ

d)

OSPQO

70.

A cylindrical rod of cross-sectional area A experienced pressure p due to a compressive force F. If the force applied is reduced to one-third what happens to pressure?

a)

also reduced to one-third

b)

tripled

c)

remains the same

71.

What relationship exists between applied force and strain?

a)

direct

b)

indirect

c)

none at all

72.

This refers to the ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain.

a)

Bulk Modulus of elasticity

b)

Shear Modulus of Rigidity

c)

Young's Modulus of elasticity

73.

Given the Young's modulus of elasticity below rank the metals according to the magnitude of tensile stress it can hold from highest to lowest.

Aluminum 69 GPa

Brass 125 GPa

Steel 200 GPa

a)

Aluminum, Brass, Steel

b)

Brass, Aluminum, Steel

c)

Steel, Brass, Aluminum

74.

The bulk modulus of three materials are listed below. Arrange them from highest to lowest compressibility.

A : 2 x 1010 N/m2

B : 4 x 1010 N/m2

C : 10 x 1010 N/m2

a)

A, B, C

b)

B, C, A

c)

C, B, A

75.

How much force is required to shear off a metal sheet whose thickness is 2mm and width of 40cm? The shear stress is 5 x 107 N/m2.

a)

400 kN

b)

40 kN

c)

4 kN

76.

A 5cm cube of substance has its upperface displaced by 0.65cm by a tangential force of 0.25N. Calculate the modulus of rigidity.

a)

769 Pa

b)

7.69 Kpa

c)

769 MPa

77.

A nylon string, has a diameter of 2mm, is pulled by a force of 100N. Determine the stress.

a)

315 MPa

b)

31.5 MPa

c)

3.15 MPa

78.

A concrete has a height and unit area of 5 m and 3sq.m., respectively. If it supports a mass of 30,000 kg and its height changes by 0.025mm, what is its modulus of elasticity of this concrete?

a)

2.00 GPa

b)

19.6 GPa

c)

2.00 MPa

79.

Which of the following does NOT determine shear modulus?

a)

Force

b)

Area

c)

Shear strain

d)

Volume

80.

Increasing shearing force on a steel metal sheet results to lesser shear strain.

a)

True

b)

False

81.

Which is the correct equation to find the change in length of a cylindrical metal rod the experience a tensile stress?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

82.

A ratio between force exerted per unit cross sectional area of a wire is known as

(a)  

83.

Strain of a material is a ratio of original length over elongation. Is this true or false

(a)  

84.

Pick the suitable units for stress?

a)

Newton per cubic meter

b)

Pascal

c)

Newton per square meter

d)

Newton

85.

Strain is a (a)   quantity

86.

Which is the correct properties of stress?

a)

Stress is a scalar quantity with SI unit of N.m-2

b)

Stress is a vector quantity with SI unit of N.m-2

c)

Stress is a scalar quantity with no unit

d)

Stress is a vector quantity with unit of Pascal

87.

A nylon rope of length 1.4 m and the cross-sectional area is 7x10-6 m2, stretches 10-3 m when supporting a force of 100kg. Determine the Young modulus of the nylon!

a)

2x1010 N/m2

b)

2x10-10 N/m2

c)

4x1010 N/m2

d)

4x10-10 N/m2

88.

Linear Strain is defined as

a)

Ratio of change in length to original length

b)

Elongation

c)

Decrease in length

d)

None of these

89.

2. Stress is

a)

External force

b)

Internal resistive force

c)

Axial force

d)

Radial force

90.

Following are the basic types of stress except

a)

Tensile stress

b)

Compressive stress

c)

Shear stress

d)

Volumetric stress

91.

When force is acting parallel to surface then the corresponding stress is known as

a)

Shear Stress

b)

Tensile stress

c)

Compressive stress

d)

Direct stress

92.

When tensile stress is applied axially on a circular rod its

i) diameter decreases

ii) length increases

iii) volume decreases

Which of the above are true?

a)

Only i

b)

Only ii

c)

i & ii

d)

All of The Above

93.

Which of the following is not a basic type of strain?

a)

Compressive strain

b)

Shear strain

c)

Volume strain

d)

Area strain

94.

This type of elastic modulus measures the resistance of solids or liquids to changes in their volume.

a)

Young's Modulus

b)

Shear Modulus

c)

Bulk Modulus

d)

None of these

95.

This type of elastic modulus measures the resistance of a solid to a change in its length.

a)

Young's Modulus

b)

Shear Modulus

c)

Bulk Modulus

d)

None of these

96.

This type of elastic modulus measures the resistance of motion of the planes within a solid parallel to each other.

a)

Young's Modulus

b)

Shear Modulus

c)

Bulk Modulus

d)

None of these

97.

The elastic modulus is a proportionality constant that depends on the material being deformed and on the nature of the deformation.

a)

true

b)

false

98.

____________Is a quantity that is that is proportional to the force causing deformation; more specifically it i the external force acting on an object per cross sectional area.

a)

stress

b)

strain

c)

modulus

d)

Length

99.

The ____________stress is the ratio of the magnitude of the external force to the cross sectional area A where the cross section is perpendicular to the force vector.

a)

tensile stress

b)

shear stress

c)

volume stress

d)

None of these

100.

The ____________stress is the ratio of the tangential force to the area A of the face being sheared.

a)

tensile stress

b)

shear stress

c)

volume stress

d)

None of these

101.

The ____________stress is the ratio of the magnitude of the total force F exerted on a surface to the area A of the surface.

a)

tensile stress

b)

shear stress

c)

volume stress

d)

None of these

102.

Which elastic modulus describes the relationship between stress and strain for a block of iron sliding across a horizontal floor? The friction force between the sliding block and the floor causes the block to deform.

a)

Young's Modulus

b)

Shear Modulus

c)

Bulk Modulus

d)

None of these

103.

Which elastic modulus describes the relationship between stress and strain for a trapeze artist swinging through a circular arc. At the bottom of the swing, the wires supporting the trapeze are longer than when the trapeze artist simply hangs from the trapeze due to the increased tension in them.

a)

Young's Modulus

b)

Shear Modulus

c)

Bulk Modulus

d)

None of these

104.

For sufficiently small stresses stress is proportional to strain.

a)

true

b)

false

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