substances that were never alive

A naturally occurring inorganic substance with a certain chemical composition and set of physical properties

A naturally occurring solid made of one or more minerals

A solid substance with a regular shape. It has symmetrical plane faces

The smallest piece of mineral in a rock

Rocks formed from cooled magma or lava

Igneous rocks formed from magma inside the earth. These rocks have large crystals

Igneous rocks formed from lava outside the earth. These rocks have small or fine crystals.

Rocks formed from the weathering, erosion and deposition of materials in a body of water

Process by which wind, water and ice wear down rocks

Movement of sediment by wind, water, ice or gravity

process by which wind, water, and gravity leave eroded sediments in the new locations

Molten rock material pushed up from a volcano or crack in the earth

Molten rock beneath the earth's surface

Rocks that have been changed by heat or pressure

Process by which rocks change over time into other types of rocks

Ability of a mineral to resist scratching

How the surface of a mineral appears when it reflects light

Splitting of minerals along flat surfaces

Color of a mineral in powder form