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WorksheetsLandscape Ecology (LAND 444) - Exam 2 Review [32 Min.]
Total questions: 32
Worksheet time: 32mins
What is an ecotone?
an area of transition between two ecological communities
a separate ecosystem from either of the adjoining ecotopes
an area of high biodiversity
an ecosystem that experiences heightened edge effects
all of these
The film "Division Street" features which noted landscape ecologist?
Richard Forman
Carl Troll
John Wesley Powell
Cyrus Thomas
Gifford Pinchot
Which of the following types of edges will have the greatest filtering effect?
wide edges
narrow edges
tall edges
short edges
boundary edges
According to the film "Division Street," the most remote point in the lower 48 states is how far from the nearest roadway?
2 miles (3 km)
8 miles (13 km)
22 miles (35 km)
86 miles (138 km)
147 miles (237 km)
The ARC International Design Competition solicited which type of wildlife infrastructure?
a wildlife corridor master plan for the Denver region
a wildlife bridge over a highway near Vail, CO
a wildlife tunnel under a highway near Vancouver, BC
a habitat restoration plan for a forest in Idaho
a system of patches and corridors to replace a burned landscape in central California
The film, "Division Street," is primarily concerned with what type of landscape corridor?
disturbance corridors
environmental corridors
planted corridors
conservation corridors
remnant corridors
Which of the following statements are true regarding the patch depicted below? Select all that apply:
It has a higher ratio of edge to area than a circular patch.
It provides more interior habitat than a circular patch of the same size.
Organisms are more likely to move across its boundary than along its bounday.
It likely has a greater number of edge species than a circular patch of the same size.
Its boundary is unlikely to change over time.
Which of the following terms describe the hedgerow corridors depicted in the following image? Select all that apply:
convex
concave
conduit
abiotic
network
Which of the following phrases could be used to describe the landscape mosaic pictured here? Select all that apply:
habitat fragmentation
remnant patches
disturbance patches
high-contrast edges
wide ecotones
An ecotone is defined as:
a region of transition between two ecological communities
an abrupt spatial change in landscape typology that may inhibit movement across the landscape
a gradual, continuous change in species composition or physiochemical characteristics between two ecosystems or communities of organisms across an environmental gradient
the smallest ecologically distinct landscape features in a landscape mapping and classification system, representing relatively homogeneous, spatially explicit landscape functional units that are useful for stratifying landscapes into ecologically distinct features for the measurement and mapping of landscape structure, function and change
an aggregation of patches that supports a metapopulation of a particular species
What are the two factors that determine the total amount of edge habitat in a patch?
patch shape and edge width
edge height and width
hydrology and soil chemistry
hydrology and edge width
permeability and patch shape
Which of these patches has the most permeable edge?
Patch A
Patch B
Patch C
Patch D
It's a tie between patches A and C
Which of these options correctly lists the edge geometries in descending order from most biodiverse to least biodiverse?
C, D, A, B
B, A, D, C
B, C, D, A
A, D. C. B
C, A, B, D
Corridors are narrow patches that may act as links or barriers in a landscape, influencing dispersal of plants and animals.
True
False
Which of the following are basic attributes used to describe a corridor? Select all that apply:
width
composition
length
height
permeability
Which of the following options lists the corridors depicted below in increasing order of connectivity (from least connectivity to greatest connectivity)?
D, B, A, C
C, A, B, D
D, C, A, B
C, A, D, B
B, D, A, C
Which of the following is true of DEI (depth of edge influence)? Select all that apply:
it is the depth to which edge effects penetrate the patch
there is no one right way to measure DEI
DEI is consistent on all sides of a patch
DEI is typically greater for biotic influences than for abiotic influences
DEI is typically greater for abiotic influences than for biotic influences
Animals move across the landscape for which of the following reasons? Select all that apply:
maintenance
dispersal
migration
extinction
subversion
According to the film "Division Street," which national park has been doing pioneering work in providing wildlife crossings over and under highways?
Banff National Park
Rocky Mountain National Park
Yellowstone National Park
Denali National Park
Grand Teton National Park
An ecocline is defined as:
a region of transition between two ecological communities
an abrupt spatial change in landscape typology that may inhibit movement across the landscape
a gradual, continuous change in species composition or physiochemical characteristics between two ecosystems or communities of organisms across an environmental gradient
the smallest ecologically distinct landscape features in a landscape mapping and classification system, representing relatively homogeneous, spatially explicit landscape functional units that are useful for stratifying landscapes into ecologically distinct features for the measurement and mapping of landscape structure, function and change
an aggregation of patches that supports a metapopulation of a particular species
The portion of the landscape labeled as 'A' in this diagram represents which of the following? Select all that apply:
ecotone
ecocline
ecotope
a good place for hunting
a transition zone
The DEI (depth of edge influence) is always consistent, regardless of the species and phenomena being studied.
True
False
Naturally-occurring edges are typically ____________________, whereas human-created edges tend to be ____________________.
meandering / straight
straight / meandering
simple / hard
soft / complex
curvilinear / complex
What is the definition of the term matrix?
the predominant, generally contiguous, landscape typology in a given area in which patches are embedded
a functionally homogeneous landscape with regard to the species or habitat being studied
the predominating landscape typology (at a coarse scale) within the study area
all of these
What attributes are used to describe a matrix? Select all that apply:
area
control over dynamics
soil type
continuity
vertical integration
Matrix permeability refers to the ease with which various species can move through the matrix when traveling between habitat patches and/or stepping stones.
True
False
What is a landscape mosaic?
a heterogeneous landscape complex, composed of a matrix, patches and/or corridors
a continuous habitat network composed of patches and corridors
the 'background' landscape type in which patches and corridors are embedded
the most pervasive ecotope present in any given landscape
an alternating pattern of natural and human-derived landscapes
Which of the following attributes are used to describe a landscape mosaic? Select all that apply:
chorology
character
control over dynamics
topology
continuity
The types, number and sizes of the various ecotopes present in a landscape mosaic and their geometric arrangement is referred to as which of the following?
chorology
character
spatial extent
topology
phrenology
Which of the following phrases accurately describe this landscape mosaic? Select all that apply:
high connectivity
high circuitry
habitat fragmentation
low connectivity
low circuitry
In his study of fragmented habitat in and around Montreal, Andrew Gonzalez used theories from which of the following disciplines to model optimal ecological planning?
network science
electrical engineering
redactive ecology
string theory
urban transit circuitry
Deep in the Colombian rainforest, landscape ecologists studying the dispersal patterns of various tree species collected which of the following to aid in their research? Select all that apply:
spider monkey feces
dung beetles
honey bees
butterflies
decaying fruit
