Font size
WorksheetsAP euro review
Total questions: 191
Worksheet time: 2hrs 36mins
This leader of the Russian Confederation from 1999 - present has moved to centralize his power and limit these in Russia. (2)
Boris Yeltsin, Ukrainian citizens
Vladimir Putin, fair elections
Mikhail Gorbachev, Eastern Bloc countries
Leonid Brezhnev, free elections
Which of the following fatally weakened Gorbachev, and ultimately led to the decline of the USSR?
the collapse of the Berlin Wall
the French evacuation of Algeria
communist hardliners kidnapped Gorbachev
all of the following
Which of the following is the BEST reason for the collapse of the Soviet Union?
Competition with Ronald Reagan's SDI program
the rebellion of the Eastern Bloc state of Romania
the debt from the decade long war in Afghanistan
the costs of the empire, protection and maintenance, were too high
All of the following were leaders of the Soviet Bloc country's rebellions against the Soviet Union in 1989 EXCEPT?
Nicolai Ceausescu
Vaclav Havel
Lech Walesa
Helmot Kohl
All of the following were accomplishments of Mikhail Gorbachev EXCEPT
INF Treaty with President Reagan
repudiation of the Brezhnev Treaty
reinforced the Soviet Troops occupying Afghanistan
passage of glasnost to open media opportunities in the USSR
Which Soviet leader launched the consumer economy in Russia and a failed attempt at thawing the Cold War in Hungary ('57)?
Brezhnev
Stalin
Khrushchev
Gorbachev
Which of the following is a similarity between Joseph Stalin's 5 Year Plans and Maximilian Robespierre's planned economy?
regulation of production
elimination of enemies
economic stability during wartime
all of the following are similarities
Like Stalin, this Russian czar tried to eliminate the landed peasants in Russia.
Frederick II
Ivan IV
Peter I
Catherine The Great
How did the Russian revolution benefit women by the 1930s?
They were confined to the home and rewarded for producing lots of babies.
They were restricted to secretarial and pink collar jobs.
They were encouraged to work outside the home, and liberate themselves sexually.
Women took the lead in professional jobs in Russia.
What was the biggest mistake of Kerensky during WWI?
continuing to support Russia's involvement in WWI
having the czar, Nicholas II, killed
giving the Duma too much power
removing Nicholas II from power
Which of the following does not match?
Alexander I - Starts and wins the Crimean War & Battle of Balaclava
Sergei Witte - Sought foreign investment in Russian railways & factories.
Alexander II - creation of the zemstovs and emancipator of the serfs
Nicholas II - staggering economic problems from the Russo-Japanese War
During which era in European history did women gain the most opportunities?
The Age of Anxiety
The Renaissance
The Industrial Revolution
The French Revolution
England participated in all of the following in the 20th century EXCEPT
a war over internal strife
occupation of a foreign territory
expanding voting rights
joining a European trade union
Which of the following is not an extension of the power of the German state, under Bismarck, over the economic and social welfare of its citizens?
Old Age Pensions
Zollverein
Kulterkampf
Health Insurance
The image above represents the Dreyfus Affair. How does it impact France?
It proved Anti-Semitism was a significant problem in France.
Republican ideals would prevail in France.
The government increased the number of primary public schools, ending Catholic control of French schooling.
all of the answers are correct/
The unification of Germany under Wilhelm I and Otto von Bismarck resulted in
the creation of the dual monarchy in the Austrian Empire
communist leadership taking over in France
defeat of the Russians in Crimea by the Ottoman Turks
decline of the Socialist Democratic Party in Germany
The women's rights movement in the late 19th and early 20th century in England
were from the noble class
gained the respect of a majority of males
was part of the growing mass political movement across Europe
was hindered by woman's role in WWI
All of the following are characteristics of the era of mass politics (1870 - 1914) EXCEPT
universal manhood suffrage
increased nationalism and militarism
parliaments increasing represented isolated groups in their country
an emerging welfare state in which the government took responsibility for the majority of its citizens
The image above are an effect of
realism
imperialism
socialism
militarism
The FIRST successful push for government welfare came in the early 19th century when
Charles Darwin's book On the Origins of Species was published
Baron von Haussman redeveloped Paris with wide boulevards and the creation of open spaces and parks
Edwin Chadwick's publication of The Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population
all of the answers are correct
International reaction to British policy during the Boer War is best characterized as
Indifference
hostility
approval
voluntary offers of assistance
unified resistance
Which of the following best describes Luther's doctrine of "justification by faith alone"?
Christians are entitled to political advantages not afforded non-believers.
Belief in Christ is sufficient justification for receiving God's grace.
Christians should abandon their jobs and social responsibilities in order to adhere to the rules of the faith
Christians should not depend on their faith alone to understand social ills.
Good works must be performed to achieve perfection in God's sight.
This reason best explains the growing tension between the aristocracy and the middle class in Europe in the 18th century
The middle class sympathized with impoverished peasants.
The middle class generally lived in urban areas; the aristocracy flourished along the rivers.
The aristocracy refused to share its power and access to political influence.
The middle class has little opportunity for social mobility or change in lifestyle.
The middle class and aristocracy practiced different faiths.
This 1779 cartoon "the Horse America Throwing his Master" is best described as
a commentary on American colonies' inability to govern themselves
a satire of the uselessness of American colonists' efforts to defend themselves.
a satire of George III's vulnerability in the face of the American colonies' rebellion
a commentary on the American colonies' penchant for violence
satire on the cruelty toward animals displayed by early Americans
Peter the Great made all of the following advancements in his reorganization of the Russian army EXCEPT
conscripting 300,000 total troops by the end of his reign
adopting policies of military discipline patterned on the western European forces
founding a College of War in 1718-1719 to administer the army.
adopting special policies for the officer corps
designating his son, Alexis, as commander of the military
The concept of the "elect" is associated with which Protestant reformer?
Martin Luther
Ulrich Zwingli
John Calvin
Martin Bucer
Jon Snow
Which country's government most aggressively and thoroughly restricted the freedom of Jews during the second half of the nineteenth century?
France
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Russia
In A Room of One's Own, Virginia Woolf took the position that women
should be apolitical
should not attempt to compete with men
should not merely imitate men
should refuse to acknowledge their gender differences with men
should shed all attachments to men in order to pursue their goals
All of the following are true of Robespierre EXCEPT
he opposed the war in 1792.
he gained considerable support from the sans-culottes faction.
he favored the de-Christianization of France.
he served as the chief figure of the Committee of Public Safety
he managed the Terror against republican political figures
As a result of Napoleonic code of 1804
all privileges based on birth were abolished
the laws of primogeniture were renewed
salaried officials were paid in accordance with their land inheritances
women gained social and political equality with men.
divorce became easier for women to obtain than in the past
Nietzsche's main problem with Christianity was that
it glorified weakness rather than strength
it had been disproved by modern science
it promoted intolerance of other faiths
it was monotheistic
it demanded self-sacrifice and required strict adherence to doctrine.
All of these are valid explanations for the rise of Enlightenment political thought in France EXCEPT
the corruption of the royal court
the blundering of administrative bureaucracy
the less-than-glorious mid-century wars
the power of the church
the freedom of speech, worship, and literary expression under Louis XIV
The "September Massacres" involved
the assassination of the Jacobins
murders of members of the Legislative Assembly by the sans-culottes
the execution of prisoners in city jails believed to be counterrevolutionaries
riots in Versailles in September 1792 that resulted in the deaths of over 1200 aristocrats
the putting to death of Louis XVI and his family for treason against the state.
Who said "the great questions of the day will not be decided by speeches and majority decision - that was the mistake of 1848-1849- but by iron and blood"
Camillo Cavour
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Kaiser William I
Giuseppe Mazzini
Otto von Bismarck
The Girondists who participated in the French Revolution are best characterized as
a radical group of Jacobins
religious conservatives opposed to violent revolution
secret supporters of the emigres
secret sympathizers with Austria
monarchists
The Nazis sought to attract
big business and corporate interests
social and political groups experiencing economic instability and displacement
labor unions
religious minorities
land speculators
Which doctrine was promoted by the First International?
Fabianism
Anarchism
Marxism
Liberalism
Social conservatism
Which of the following was a new artistic technique developed by artists during the Renaissance?
Drafting
Chiaroscuro
Surrealism
Expressionism
Realism
The Berlin Blockade of 1948-49
forced the Russians to back down and reopen access to Berlin
lowered Cold War tensions
reunited East and West Germany
failed to prevent Soviets from moving into West Germany
weakened the resolve of the US to help the Germans
The Cheka was a name for the Russian
ministry
secret police
army
assembly
Bolshevik opposition party
England became a fully Protestant country during the reign of
Henry VIII
Mary I
Edward VI
Richard III
Elizabeth II
Which group had the greatest influence on the thought of Blaise Pascal?
Atheists
Deists
Jansenists
Skeptics
Jesuits
In the 15th century, taxation and enforcement of the laws were assumed by
monarchs
feudal warlords
nobles
representative legislatures
semi-autonomous vassals
The famous "Tennis Court Oath" of 1789 resulted in
a commitment by the National Assembly to write a new French constitution
the start of the French Revolution
Louis XVI's abdication
rioting in Paris
a permanent rift between the Third and First estates
Slavery in Italy during the Renaissance
disappeared
decreased from its ancient-world numbers
was thriving and widespread
stagnated as a result of the Plague
involved African slaves exclusively
Scientific experimentation and investigation during the 16th and 17th centuries was
largely an informal endeavor
funded exclusively by universities
condemned by the Church
discouraged by the monarchy
embrace by the Church
Which phrase best sums up the spirit of Louis XIV's government?
"Traditional Liberties"
"I am the state"
"The Sufferer"
"Thorough"
"King of Straw"
Stalin's power and influence lay in his
oratorical abilities
brilliant writings and theories
master of the crucial details of the party structure
military abilities
diplomatic finesse.
Trade between Britain and America after the Revolutionary War
increased
decreased
remained the same
decreased, then increased quickly
effectively stopped until the 19th century
The demands of the Nazi platform of 1920 included all of the following EXCEPT
repudiation of the Versailles Treaty
agrarian reform
unification of Austria and Germany
anti-Semitic public policy
the replacement of small retail shops with large department stores
The "Little Entente" formed in 1920-21 consisted of
France and England
Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Yugoslavia
Hungary, Russia, and Poland
Germany, Poland, and Hungary
Czechoslovakia, Russia, and Poland
The most dynamic force for change in the revolutions of 1848 originated with which group
Political liberals
Working classes
Disgruntled military personnel
Middle classes
Political elites
The most significant late 18th century industrial development was
the perfection of the steam engine
application of electrical energy to production
use of gas lighting in factories
development of hydraulic lifts
introduction of women into the workplace
The "Scramble for Africa" was precipitated by which of the following
the completion of the Suez Canal
France's prevention of Italy from annexing Tunisia
Britain's expansion into presentday Zimbabwe
Bismarck's annexations of southwest Africa, Togoland, the Cameroons, and East Africa
Britain's advance into the Sudan
The 1914 assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
led Austria into war with Serbia
was welcomed by William II of Germany
resulted in the disintegration of the German and Austro-Hungarian alliance
resulted in Germany's assisting Serbia in a war against Austria
resulted in swift military retaliation by Austria
Which of the following was a result of the expansion of literacy in the late 19th century?
a decline in the production of visual art
a strengthened love of democracy amongst most literary activists
an explosion in the number of cheap newspapers published
a weakened spirit of nationalism
an instant improvement in the overall quality of literature available
Which idea was endorsed in Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws (1748) as a prescription for regulating the power of government
a republic
a benevolent but absolute monarchy
a monarchy tempered by a reformed aristocracy
unrestricted democracy
the division of powers among different government branches
The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889
as the major entrance to Paris
as a symbol of French cultural superiority
as a temporary structure for the international trade exposition
as a radio tower that would enable France to conduct espionage on its neighbors
from funds collected from schoolchildren
19th century British imperialism was centered in which part of Africa?
Egypt and southern Africa
East Africa
West Africa
Senegal
Algeria
By the 1830s, which social group took the lead in formulating protections for their political and economic interests?
factory workers
workshop masters
displaced farmers
teachers
urban artisans
All of the following were major developments in Europe between 1860 and 1914 EXCEPT
centralized bureaucracies decreased in importance
socialism became a major political force
increasing numbers of white-collar workers appeared
the labor force became organized into unions
urban life came to dominate society
All of the following are true of the Bolsheviks EXCEPT
they represented Lenin's faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party
their name meant "majority"
they seized power in 1917.
they were generally supportive of western European socialist parties that sought to work within their nation's existing political structures
they succeeded in part because of weakened support for the tsar after WWI.
All of the following were aspects of 19th century prison reform EXCEPT
grouping men, women, and children together in family units
complete separation of prisoners at all times
the separation of prisoners during the night
an individual cell for each prisoner
long periods of silence among prisoners
The group known as the Roundheads in the English Civil War referred to
supporters of Charles I
supporters of Parliament
peasantry that supported Charles I
Catholics that supported Charles I
supporters in the northwest half of England
Perestroika refers to
restructuring the Soviet economy and bureaucracy
openness
cooperation of hard-line conservatives and moderates in the Soviet Communist party
a rapid build-up of weapons of mass destruction
the isolationist nature of Soviet foreign policy
The phrase "Crush the Infamous Thing" is associated with
Louis XVI's view of the Paris Commune
Rousseau's attitude toward the distribution of property
Voltaire's attitude toward the Catholic Church
Joseph II's attitude toward the Catholic Church
Spinoza's views of God and nature
The scholarly renaissance in Italy in the 15th and 16th centuries can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT
the spread of humanism
the rise of the use of the vernacular in literary and political communications
the invention of movable type
the recovery of classical knowledge and languages
the end of mercantilism
The idea that society should let strong men dominate and not protect the weak is most closely associated with the work of
Thomas Henry Huxley
Herbert Spencer
Jules Ferry
David Friedrich Strauss
William Paley
In what way was the political life in the NEtherlands unique to Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries?
The Netherlands was a republic with a decentralized government
The Netherlands enjoyed a strong centralized government
The Netherlands was rule by a powerful monarchy
The Netherlands established the first parliamentary system of government
Political life in the Netherlands was dictated by the rules of a strict theocracy.
Which of the following factors best explains why Puritans fled to America from England?
they were protesting English tolerance
they failed to obtain exemption from Catholic services
James I became determined to uphold and develop the Anglican episcopy
James I decided to punish dissenters
Mary I became determined to maintain and enhance militant Catholicism
The British political system in the age of Walpole was
dominated by a large standing army
characterized by little or no dissent
generally more responsive to public opinion than Continental governments were
characterized by a lack of free speech and association
immune to popular political pressure
The long-term goal of the Paris Commune was the
creation of a workers' republic
creation of Paris as an autonomous commune separate from France
destruction of the National Assembly
institution of a Marxist state
institution of a new National Assembly for France
Which of the following is famous for his newspaper article "J'accuse" in support of Alfred Dreyfus?
Adolphe Thiers
Marshal MacMahon
Emile Zola
Pierre Joseph Proudhon
George Boulanger
All of the following are true of the steam engine EXCEPT
it enabled industrialization to grow and expand into different areas of production
its use spread slowly because James Watt retained exclusive patent rights until 1800.
it provided the first steady and virtually unlimited source of inanimate power
it differed from other contemporary engines in that it was powered by burning coal.
it was invented by James Watt in 1769
Which did Ronald Reagan NOT do during an intensification of Cold War rhetoric?
describe the Soviet Union as an "evil empire"
increase military spending
slow arms limitation negotiations
propose the Strategic Defense Initiative, involving high-tech space-based defense against a nuclear attack
deploy a major new missile system in Asia
Which of the following factors led most directly to Martin Luther's posting of his "Ninety-five Theses" on the door of a Castle Church in Wittenberg?
Pope Leo X's revival of a plenary Jubilee Indulgence to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome
John Tetzel's claim that indulgences remitted sins and released the dead from punishment in purgatory
the election of Charles I of Spain as Emperor Charles
The Diet of Worms 1521
the death of Emperor Maximilian I and the subsequent search for a new emperor
Which of the following was the primary goal that led to the Sugar Act in 1764? To produce more revenue ...
by taxing British farmers who grew sugar cane
by taxing imports into the colonies
by taxing legal documents and items such as newspapers
by enforcing a restrictive harvest of sugar cane in the colonies, thus forcing them to import more sugar from Britain
by taxing the profits of colonial sugar harvesters
The years after the Crimean War were characterized by
instability in European affairs
Prussian aggression being held in check by the Concert of Europe
France and Austria holding the Concert of Europe together in the face of Italian and German unification
British maintenance of military forces on the Continent to preserve the Concert of Europe
a stable and uninterrupted peace among nations
All of the following are true of the French war against Austria in 1792 EXCEPT
Louis XVI favored it in the hopes that it would restore the ancien regime
it led to a second revolution that overthrew the monarchy and established a republic
it radicalized the revolution
the Girondists believed that it would preserve the revolution from domestic enemies
it strengthened domestic support for Louis XVI
German unification in the second half of the 19th century was dramatically strengthened by
the liberal Prussian Parliament
the conservative policies of Otto von Bismarck
the acquisition of Schleswig from Denmark
the Zollverein (tariff union)
heavy taxes approved by the Prussian Parliament
In Freud's most important book, The Interpretation of Dreams, he argues that
unconscious drives and desires contribute to conscious behavior
there is no mediation between the id and the ego
the content of dreams have no reasonable scientific explanation
sexuality can be determined during infancy
dreams contain little or no valuable information about a person's psyche.
The March Laws passed by the Hungarian diet and approved by Emperor Ferdinand in 1848 ensured all of the following EXCEPT
equality of religion
a relatively free press
payment of taxes by the nobility
jury trials
the establishment of a separate Hungarian state within the Habsburg domains.
Russian government from 1801 to 1855, during the reigns of Alexander I and Nicholas I, is best characterized as
open to limited democratic reforms
extremely autocratic
republican
socialist
violently opposed to the role of the Russian Orthodox Church
Which of the following was the group of writers and critics who fostered reformist attitudes during the Enlightenment?
Utilitarians
Professors
Enlightened despots
Philosophes
Courtiers
Gorbachev's glasnost policy included all of the following EXCEPT
release of dissident from prison
allowance of criticism of the government
allowance of national minority demonstrations
the end of the Cold War
freedom of expression
All of the following occurred during the Soviet leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev EXCEPT
perestroika
Jimmy Carter was president
his own kidnapping
glastnost
The organization of the European Union was begun with this action
The Maastricht Treaty
The European Coal and Steel Union
The Common Market
The Marshall Plan
All of the following involved the Soviet Union EXCEPT
The United Nations
The Warsaw Pact
NATO
WWII
In the post 1945 Cold War, which Eastern European country experienced both a military invasion by the Soviets and a peaceful separation from the Soviets?
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Austria
Yugoslavia
Which of the following is considered the symbolic end to the Cold War?
The Polish Solidarity Movement
The Romanian Revolution
Gorbachev's lack of a state to govern
The Fall of the Berlin Wall
Most historians consider Vladmir Putin as ruthless a leader as which Russian Czar below?
Ivan the Terrible
Alexander II
Peter I
Boris Yeltsin
All of the following countries have experienced an Islamic extremist terrorist attack EXCEPT
Poland
France
Spain
Belgium
What is the Communist Party in France protesting in this image?
The British commitment to the European Economic Community
The Americanization of European culture
The unwillingness of Muslim guest workers to go home
the unwillingness of the French government to allow their party a representative vote
All of the following are true of the EU today EXCEPT
outlawed the death penalty in EU member states
impose strict regulation of CO2 emissions
widespread support of the admission of Turkey into the EU
a bailout and austerity measures imposed upon Greece
The collapse of the USSR can be most attributed to
rise of religious zealots who encouraged a revolution against the government
collapse of the economy which did not balance military as well as consumer production
the policy of glasnost which reignited the free press, which brought down the government of Gorbachev
the Polish solidarity movement, which began the disruption and separation of the Soviet Bloc states
Which of the following is an NGO devoted to protecting the environment?
Greenpeace
World Trade Organization
Kyoto Protocol
Human Resources Initiative
Margaret Thatcher's return to conservatism included all of the following EXCEPT?
cuts to military and defense spending
creation of a new class of property owners
War in the Falkland Islands
support of labor unions and heavy industry
The book that inspired the second wave of Feminism in Europe was
The Feminine Mystique
The Road to Wiegan Pier
The Second Sex
Metamorphosis
Khrushchev's policy of de-Stalinization was MOST like which of the following?
Louis XIV, Edict of Fountainblue
Henry IV, Edict of Nantes
Alexander II, zemstovs
Peter I, westernization
The painting in the image is a representation of the rejection of
conservatism
monarchy
neoclassicism
all of the answers are correct
Which of the answers below is NOT a reason for the early industrial revolution in England?
vast capital for investment
government sponsored workhouses for the poor
the Enclosure Acts
abundance of resources such as coal and iron ore
All of the following were repercussions of the 1848 revolutions EXCEPT
the failure of some revolts due to lack of coordination among revolutionary groups
the independence of Poland from Russian influence
the creation of a constitutional government in France under Louis Napoleon
the recognition of Hungarian self-rule in the Austrian Empire
The spread of Industrialization to Eastern Europe was slowed by
their tradition on not allowing child labor
their abundance of ports, rivers and canals
the power still resided in the few landed nobility that relied on serfdom for labor
the widespread socialist and communist beliefs.
The cathedral in the image is an example of
renaissance architecture
Catholic church corruption
the Temple of Reason
Christendom
The Russia Revolution of 1905 ended with the Proclamation of the October Manifesto. What was the most important change in the Manifesto
the adoption of broad reforms that satisfied Russian workers
the granting of civil liberties to all Russians
the abolition of the czarist (tsarist) secret police
the creation of the legislative body called the Duma
Rousseau's ideas in the Social Contract would MOST agree with the theory of
Voltaire's enlightened despotism
Locke's civil government
Bossuet's absolutism
Machiavelli's prince
The spread of Lutheranism and the decline of Catholicism in many parts of the Holy Roman Empire were aided by all of the following EXCEPT
economic benefits enjoyed by German noblemen who rejected the Roman Catholic faith
corruption within the Roman Catholic Church
the splintered nature of the Holy Roman Empire that allowed many princes to become relatively independent
the fact that the reformation was stronger in rural areas
Which of the following factors BEST describes the decision of Britain and France to support the Ottomans in their fight against the Russians in the Crimean War?
They feared the expansion of the Austrian Empire into the Balkan peninsula.
They feared the expansion of Russian into Ottoman territory posing a threat to British naval control of the Mediterranean.
They wanted to support the right of national self-determination of the ethnic groups in the Balkans.
They wanted to take over the Bosporus and the Dardanelles.
Which of the following is true of the Peace of Augsburg?
It ended the French wars of religion.
It granted full freedom of religion in the Holy Roman Empire.
It established the right of German princes to decide between Lutheranism and Catholicism.
It declared that Calvinism, not Lutheranism, was a legal religion.
All of the following describe 19th century liberalism EXCEPT
liberalism focused on the basic rights of people
businesses should be free of any government interference
the feeling of unity that came from liberalism had its roots in common languages
liberals generally supported constitutional governments
The Holy Alliance was an organization that attempted to crush
nationalist uprisings
legitimate monarchs
conservative governments
constitutional monarchies
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution was controversial because
they directly contradicted the ideas of Karl Marx
they were viewed as promoting political revolution
the theories suggested that human beings evolved from earlier simpler forms of life
the theories directly criticized organized religion
Despite the prosperity of the late 19th century, European economies experienced a series of slumps in the economy between 1875 and 1895 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
agricultural overproduction
severe rural overpopulation
Russian industrial competition
slumps in domestic and international business
Britain's reform measures in the late 19th and early 20th century accomplished all of the following EXCEPT
women's voting rights
nearly all adult male suffrage
elimination of "rotten" voting boroughs
the provided salaries to members of the House of Commons
Which of the following can be attributed to Otto von Bismarck?
defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War
elimination of the Catholic Church as an influence in German politics
passage of social welfare policies such as primary education and pensions for workers
unification of the German state
The Treaty of Locarno
re-established the border of Germany and France
settled the issues of German reparations after WWI
accepted German rearmament after WWI
allowed the Germans to become a member of the League of Nations
Which food did the Europeans introduce as part of the Colombian Exchange?
corn
potatoes
squash
tobacco
Rising nationalism led nations to
go to war with other imperial pursuits.
colonize for the sole purpose of spreading national pride.
sponsor civil war within their own borders.
expand their borders, militaries, & economies.
Rising nationalism also heightened competition and conflict as nation states competed for territory and resisted Imperial authority over various ethnic groups. Some examples include
Franco-Prussian War
Scramble for Africa
Concert of Europe
Belgian and Greek independence movements
Which one of the following passionate writers reflected on nationalism, as many nations began to develop national flags, anthems, songs, animals, etc?
James Burke
Johann Fichte
Theodore Herzel
Louis X
As Slavs fought for independence in the Balkans during the late 19th and 20th centuries, there was an increase in
a new nation state for the Slavs.
independence movements, weapons exchange, and violence.
a new constitution for Slavs in the Balkans.
violence protests, rebellions, and terrorist acts.
Ultimately, Pan-Slavism would result in violence and war as the former Ottoman vassal states and territories in the Balkans fought for independence and established states in
Serbia and Russia
Bulgaria and Germany
Serbia and Hungary
Serbia and Bulgaria
Jews were still present in large numbers in Europe in the 19th century, and they began to be increasingly seen as a foreign and menacing group within new nation states. National policies embraced this increasing
Anti-Slavism
Anti-Semitism
Anti-Aryanism
Anti-Nationalism
One example of Anti-Semitism was the efforts of ________________, mayor of Vienna, and founder of the __________________________________, who is credited for modernizing Vienna, while implementing discriminating policies.
Karl Lueger, German Christian Social Party
Carl Marx, Austrian Christian Social Party
Karl Lueger, Austrian Christian Social Party
Mikhail Bakunin, German Christian Social Party
One of the most infamous examples of anti-Semitism in Europe during the 19th century indicted an innocent Jewish officer for high treason, accused of leaking military secrets to Germany. This was called the
Conan Affair
Clinton Affair
Mikhail Affair
Dreyfus Affair
News of the Dreyfus Scandal spread throughout Europe, encouraging many Jews to consider the need for their own nation state - specifically, the former state of Israel in the Levant; leading to the rise of ______________
Anti-Semitism
Zionist Movement
Pan-Slavism
Pan-Judaism
In the late 19th century, as many Jews called for their own Jewish state, _________________, founder of Zionism, first developed the idea to organize and establish a Jewish homeland in British Palestine.
Mikhail Bakunin
Theodore Herzl
Johann Fichte
Karl Lueger
Anarchism promoted the idea that
governments should be socialist and people have the power to live in corruption free societies.
governments were corrupt instruments of power and thus, people should choose their leaders.
governments should be abolished and replaced by local leads.
governments were corrupt instruments of powerful people, and argued that people should live without governments in small, industrial communities.
Coming from tsarist Russia, Bakunin saw the devastation and poor treatment faced by eastern Europeans in the face of imperial Russia, Austria, and Prussia and thus, sponsored the idea of
Pan-Slavism
Zionism
Anarchism
Anti-Semitism
Alexander III:
Nicholas II:
liberal
liberal
conservative
conservative
conservative
liberal
reactionary
reactionary
