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WorksheetsPersonality - Chapters 6-11
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
_____ is a statistic that refers to the proportion of variance in a group of individuals that can be accounted for by genetic variance.
a)
heritability
b)
phenotypic variance
c)
genome
d)
gene coefficient
2.
Which of the following statements about heritability is NOT true?
a)
It can be applied to a single individual.
b)
It can change over time.
c)
It always depends on the range of genetic differences in a population.
d)
It always depends on the range of environmental differences in a population.
3.
_____ are technically known as monozygotic twins.
a)
Fraternal twins
b)
Genotypic twins
c)
Identical twins
d)
Phenotypic twins
4.
Which of the following is an example of a shared environmental influence?
a)
A child's friends
b)
A child's grades
c)
Special treatment from a parent
d)
Parents' values and attitudes
5.
When a mother holds a child more often because the child loves it, we observe _____ genotype-environment correlation.
a)
direct
b)
active
c)
passive
d)
reactive
6.
Compared with individuals with so-called short repeat versions of the DRD4 gene, individuals with so-called long repeat versions of this gene were found to:
a)
be higher on novelty seeking.
b)
be more passive recipients of their environment.
c)
have a more significant heritable influence on their religious attitudes.
d)
be less affected by the role of genes in their own marital satisfaction.
7.
Which of the following is the most powerful behavioral genetic method?
a)
Selective breeding studies
b)
Adoption studies
c)
Twin studies
d)
Family Studies
8.
At the level of an individual, _____.
a)
there is no nature-nurture debate
b)
genes are useful in studying personality
c)
an idiographic genetic approach should be used
d)
genes are used to determine personality
9.
Measuring the amount of electricity that passes between two electrodes that are placed on the palm of one hand of an individual determines:
a)
cardiovascular reactivity.
b)
electrocardiogram activity.
c)
electrodermal activity.
d)
electroencephalogram activity.
10.
Carlos is very competitive, hostile, and impatient. When performing a stressful task, he shows much larger increases in blood pressure and heart rate than others. In this scenario, Carlos most likely has a(n) _____ personality.
a)
Type B
b)
Type A
c)
impulsive
d)
reactive
11.
Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in activating the sympathetic nervous system for fight-or-flight?
a)
Serotonin
b)
Dopamine
c)
Norepinephrine
d)
Monoamine oxide
12.
According to Jeffrey Gray, _____ is responsive to cues for punishment, frustration, and uncertainty and is responsible for the personality dimension of anxiety.
a)
the behavioral activation system
b)
the behavioral inhibition system
c)
dopamine
d)
frontal brain asymmetry
13.
Unlike people categorized as morning types, people categorized as evening types:
a)
are less active during later times of a given day.
b)
are likely to prefer tasks that start at 8 a.m..
c)
start social contact earlier in a given day.
d)
have longer circadian rhythms.
14.
Research has found that _____ tend to score low on the Sensation-Seeking Scale.
a)
people who enjoy skydiving
b)
people who have more sexual partners
c)
students who volunteer for unconventional psychology experiments
d)
people who are able to tolerate sensory deprivation for longer periods of time
15.
People who have higher levels of activation in the _____ hemisphere of the brain tend to have more _____.
a)
right; negative emotions
b)
right; sexual partners
c)
left; negative emotions
d)
left; sexual partners
16.
Which of the following personality traits is NOT identified in Cloninger's tridimensional personality model?
a)
Harm avoidance
b)
Sensation seeking
c)
Novelty seeking
d)
Reward dependence
17.
The life instinct is typically referred to as:
a)
libido.
b)
ego.
c)
thanatos.
d)
catharsis.
18.
According to Sigmund Freud, a person who smokes or overeats is probably fixated at the _____ stage.
a)
oral
b)
anal
c)
phallic
d)
latency
19.
The _____ stage differs from the earlier stages in that it is not accompanied by a specific conflict.
a)
oral
b)
anal
c)
phallic
d)
genital
20.
The ego operates:
a)
according to the pleasure principle.
b)
according to the reality principle.
c)
according to the anxiety principle.
d)
with primary process thinking.
21.
A conflict between the id and the ego results in _____ anxiety.
a)
objective
b)
neurotic
c)
moral
d)
social
22.
According to Sigmund Freud, the most adaptive defense mechanism is:
a)
sublimation.
b)
reaction formation.
c)
projection.
d)
repression.
23.
The goal of psychoanalysis is:
a)
to make people happy.
b)
to make the unconscious conscious.
c)
to regress patients to the phallic stage.
d)
dream analysis.
24.
Tracey dreams that a giant panda is chasing her inside a mall. The giant panda is a part of the _____ content of her dream.
a)
manifest
b)
latent
c)
projective
d)
maladaptive
25.
_____ is a technique that makes associated material more accessible to conscious awareness, affecting the speed at which an association can be made.
a)
Priming
b)
Constructive memory
c)
Free association
d)
Passive teaching
26.
Erik Erikson's fifth stage of personality development is identity versus:
a)
inferiority.
b)
stagnation.
c)
role confusion.
d)
isolation.
27.
Sigmund Freud's version of psychoanalysis focused on the _____, but later psychoanalysts felt that the _____ deserved more attention.
a)
ego; superego
b)
id; superego
c)
superego; id
d)
id; ego
28.
The _____ model of memory holds that mental elements (such as words or images) are stored in memory along with associations to other elements in memory.
a)
cognitive unconscious
b)
confirmatory bias
c)
spreading activation
d)
internalized objects
29.
According to Karen Horney, the major differences between boys and girls can be attributed to:
a)
genes.
b)
hormones.
c)
the differences in resolving the phallic stage.
d)
cultural influences.
30.
In the strange situation procedure, ambivalently attached infants _____ when their mothers left.
a)
cried the most
b)
cried the least
c)
were indifferent
d)
were calm
31.
Object relations theory lays emphasis on _____.
a)
the importance of the oral stage in determining adult relationships
b)
social relationships and their origins in childhood
c)
the importance of the cognitive unconscious in determining adult relationships
d)
the fear of success
32.
Cindy Hazan and Philip Shaver believe that the adult _____ relationship style is characterized by difficulty in learning to trust others.
a)
secure
b)
avoidant
c)
paranoid
d)
ambivalent
33.
Who among the following theorized the hierarchy of needs?
a)
Carl Rogers
b)
Abraham Maslow
c)
David Winter
d)
David McClelland
34.
Beta press refers to the:
a)
objective features of an environment.
b)
subjective features of an environment.
c)
strength of a need.
d)
strength of a motive.
35.
The act of interpreting the environment and perceiving the meaning of what is going on in a situation is termed:
a)
integration.
b)
apperception.
c)
priming.
d)
unconscious bias.
36.
Which of the following motives is associated with poor health when inhibited?
a)
Achievement
b)
Intimacy
c)
Power
d)
None of the answer is correct.
37.
Unlike psychoanalysis, the humanistic tradition provides a(n) _____ view of human nature.
a)
confused
b)
optimistic
c)
pessimistic
d)
open-minded
38.
On average, women have a higher _____ than men.
a)
need for power (nPow)
b)
need for intimacy (nInt)
c)
need for achievement (nAch)
d)
All of these answers are correct.
39.
Who among the following developed client-centered therapy?
a)
Carl Rogers
b)
Abraham Maslow
c)
Henry Murray
d)
David McClelland
40.
People who score high on the need for achievement (nAch):
a)
prefer moderately challenging activities.
b)
enjoy tasks where they are personally responsible for outcomes.
c)
prefer tasks where feedback on their performance is available.
d)
All of these answers are correct.
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