WorksheetsAnatomy Final Exam - Review Questions
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 5hrs 30mins
A 47-year-old woman is diagnosed as having a thyroid tumor. Surgery to remove the cancerous growth is undertaken. In which triangle of the neck will the surgeon make an incision to gain access to the gland?
Subclavian
Carotid
Muscular
Submandibular
Submental
These structures are all located in the superficial fascia of the neck EXCEPT
External jugular vein
Omohyoid muscle
Platsyma muscle
Transverse cervical nerve
Cervical branch of facial nerve
The superior belly of the omohyoid forms the anterior border of which cervical triangle?
Carotid
Omoclavicular
Submandibular
Posterior
A stab wound just above the left clavicle, lateral to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, may be life-threatening because of the possibility of injury to the:
Brachial plexus
Internal jugular vein
Axillary artery
Thoracic duct
Subclavian artery
Which of the following hyoid muscles is an important landmark in both the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck?
Geniohyoid
Omohyoid
Styohyoid
Mylohyoid
When a physician examined a child, he noticed that his neck was tilted laterally to right side and his chin rotated to left side.
What will be the diagnosis of the Physician?
Erb’s palsy
Torticollis
Bell’s palsy
Facial palsy
Which one of the following structure forms the content of Suboccipital triangle?
Ventral ramus of C1 nerve
Dorsal ramus of C1 nerve
Ventral ramus of C2 nerve
Dorsal ramus of C2 nerve
One of the motor components of the cervical plexus, the ansa cervicalis, innervates all of the following muscles except the:
Thyrohyoid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Stylohyoid
Which is not considered a content of the posterior triangle of the neck?
Accessory nerve
Branches of cervical plexus
Trunks of the brachial plexus
Internal jugular vein
Subclavian artery
Contents of the submandibular triangle include all of the following EXCEPT:
Hypoglossal nerve
Submandibular lymph node
Nerve or mylohyoid
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Facial artery
The common carotid, internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve are contents of...
Carotid sheath
Prevertebral fascia
Pretracheal fascia
Investing layer
How is the submandibular triangle formed?
Omohyoid
Anterior border of SCM
Anterior and posterior belly of digastric
Median line of the neck
Select the suprahyoid muscles
Mylohyoid
Omohyoid
Digastric
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Select the infrahyoid muscles
Stylohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Which nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid?
Vagus nerve
Spinal accesory nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Glossopharyngeal nerve
The rectus capitis posterior major and minor, superior and inferior oblique are boundaries of which triangle?
Submental triangle
Muscular triangle
Submandibular triangle
Suboccipital triangle
The vertebral artery, dorsal ramus of C1 nerve, and subocccipital venous plexus are contents of?
Suboccipital triangle
Posterior triangle
Submandibular triangle
Muscular triangle
The anterior triangle is divided by which muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid
Superior belly of omohyoid
Digastric
Midline of the neck
All are triangles of anterior triangle, except?
Muscular
Omoclavicular
Digastric
half of submental
Carotid
By means of which bone is the anterior triangle subdivided into suprahyoid & infrahyoid?
Mastoid process
Hyoid bone
Body of mandible
Sternum
In which triangle are the muscles of the tongue found?
Submental
Anterior
Submandibular
Occipital
The submandibular duct is also called...
Weston’s duct
Whater’s ducts
West’s duct
Wharton’s duct
Which muscles depresses the tongue?
Geniohyoid
Hyoglossus
Mylohyoid
Genioglossus
The external jugular vein is formed by?
Common facial vein
Retro mandibular vein
Subclavian vein
Posterior auricular vein
Maxillary vein
What are the tributaries of the EJV?
Posterior external jugular vein
Posterior auricular vein
Anterior jugular vein
Suprascapular vein
Transverse cervical vein
Which vein is seen in the carotid sheath?
external jugular vein
internal jugular vein
Subclavian vein
Which two veins unite to form the branchiocephalic trunk?
Subclavian vein
Dorsal scapular vein
Axillary vein
Internal jugular vein
What are the glossopharyngeal nerve branches?
Carotid branch
Lingual branches
Pharyngeal branches
Hyoglossal branches
Lesion to which nerve causes cardiac arrest or syncope
Accessory
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Hypoglossal
Which nerve lesion leads to impact to larynx?
Vagus
Accesory
Glossopharyngeal
Hypoglossal
irritation of which nerve causes spasm of trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle (torticollis)
Hypoglossal
Glossopharygeal
Accesory
Vagus
Lesion to which nerve causes unilateral lesion – tip of tongue when protruded tilts to paralyzed side
Hypoglossal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Two masses of lymphoid tissue, each located in the depression on the lateral wall of the oral part of the pharynx between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches are called
Lingual tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil
Palatine tonsil
Tubal tonsil
All pharynx muscles, except for the stylopharyngeus, are supplied by?
Cranial part of accessory nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
What is the stylopharyngeus supplied by?
Vagus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Structures passing through sinus of morgagni
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Auditory tube
Levator veli palatini
Ascending palatine artery
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Structures passing between superior and middle constrictor
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Ascending palatine artery
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Structures passing between middle and inferior constrictor
Internal laryngeal nerve
recurrent laryngeal nerve
Superior laryngeal vessels
Inferior laryngeal vessels
Structures passsing below the inferior constrictor
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
ascending palatine artery
Inferior laryngeal vessels
Sensory innervention of the oropharynx
Maxillary nerve
Internal laryngeal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Sinus of Morgani is large concave gap between the?
Sup. and mid. Constrictor of the pharynx
Mid. and inf. Constrictor of the pharynx
The base of the skull and superior constrictor of the pharynx
Below inferior constrictor of pharynx
Where does the duct of the submandibular salivary gland open into?
Either side of the frenulum
Lower second molar tooth
the Vestibule of oral cavity
The inflammation of the nasal fragile tonsil (adenoids) can obstruct the
Opening of auditory tube
Sinus of morgani
Oral pharyngeal tonsil
Pharyngeal isthmus
Tonsillar tissue is commonly found
Between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
On the posterior wall of the oropharynx
Under the mucosa of the ventral surface of the tongue
All of the above
The pharyngeal tonsils, or adenoids, become inflamed in serious cases need to be removed. Where would the physician search for this?
On the dorsal surface of the tongue
In the pharyngeal recess
tonsillar Fossa
In the roof of the Nasopharynx
In the piriform recess
The constrictor muscles of the pharynx received their motor nerve supply from the
Spinal accessory nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Sympathetic trunk
Vagus nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Arterial blood supply of the submandibular gland is through which branch of the external carotid artery?
Maxillary
Facial
Superior pharyngeal
Ascending pharyngeal
The tonsillars ring of Waldeyers ring consists of
Adenoid
Lingual tonsil
Nasopharyngeal tonsil
Larynx
The common carotid artery divides into external and internal carotid artery at the
Cricoid cartilage
Thyroid cartilage
Cricothyroid cartilage
Internal jugular vein is a continuation of?
Common facial vein
Sigmoid sinus
External jugular vein
Occipital vein
Twenty four hours following a partial thyroidectomy where the inferior thyroid artery was ligated (tied off), the patient now spoke with a hoarse voice and had difficulty breathing. Which nerve was injured?
Internal branch of sup. Laryngeal
External branch of sup. Laryngeal
Recurrent laryngeal
Ansa cervicalis
A 30 year old man visited his physician complaining of a swelling on the front of the neck and breathlessness. On examination, swelling of firm consistency was found to left of the midline of the neck. The swelling moved up and down on swallowing.
The swelling is related to one of the following structures.
Thyroid
Larynx
Pharynx
Esophagus
Trachea
Which two joints do the laryngeal skeleton move?
Arytenothyroid
Cricothyroid
Corniculoartyteniod
Cricoarytenoid
Cricotracheal
The lateral surface of the thyrohyoid membrane is pierced by one of the following nerves
External laryngeal nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Internal laryngeal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
The Adams apple that I seen predominantly on the neck of meals is called the laryngeal prominence. Which cartilage of the larynx is it part of?
Thyroid
Epiglottis
cricoid
Hyoid
What is the name of the space between the vocal cords?
Inlet of the larynx
Rims glottidis
Piriform recess
Most laryngeal muscles are supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve, except for the cricothyroid muscle, which is supplied by the external laryngeal nerve. Which CN do these branch from?
Trigeminal (V)
Vagus (X)
Hypoglossal (XIII)
Optic (II)
Knowledge of location of the thyroid gland is important to perform the physical examination. It is located anteriorly at the lower part of neck in relation to trachea and lies deep to the anterior triangle neck muscles.
What is the vertebral level that the thyroid gland is situated in the neck?
C6, C7, T1 and T2
C5-C7
C6, C7 and T1
C5-7 and T1
Thyroid is covered with the fibrous true capsule which sends septa inward and divides the organs into lobules. External to the fibrous capsule, it is covered by loose connective tissue sheath (false capsule) which is derived from one of the layers of cervical fascia.
Which layer of cervical fascia forms the false capsule of thyroid gland?
Playsma
Pretracheal layer
Investing layer
Prevertebral layer
Thyroid gland is highly vascular and supplies supplied by branches of a pair of superior and inferior third arteries which lie between the fibrous and loose connective tissue layers.
Which artery generally gives rise to the superior thyroid Artery?
Thyrocervical trunk
External carotid artery
Subclavian artery
Internal carotid artery
A patient is diagnosed as having a venous anomaly of the posterior spinal veins which have enlarged, putting pressure on the spinal cord. In order to expose the veins, the surgeon will have to pass through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, deep back muscles and then, in order, the
Laminae, epidural space, dura, subdural space, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, pia
Pedicles, posterior longitudinal ligament, epidural space, dura, subdural space, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, pia.
Pedicles, epidural space, dura, subdural space, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, pia.
Laminae, posterior longitudinal ligament, epidural space, dura, subdural space, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, pia
Prostate cancer is diagnosed in an 82 year old male. Thereafter a malignant brain tumor of prostatic origin is found. He subsequently dies. An autopsy reveals tumor sites in the prostate, vertebral column, and brain, but no other organs. By what vascular pathway did the cancerous cells get to the brain:
Vertebral artery
Anterior spinal artery
Azygous venous system
Vertebral venous plexus
A patient is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis. If done properly, the needle used for the tap would penetrate all layers except:
Pia mater
Dura mater
Epidural fat
Arachanoid mater
A patient is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. A lumbar puncture is performed to remove cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis. The fluid would be removed from the:
Epidural space at level of L3
Subarachnoid space at the level of L4
Intervertebral foramen at the level of L2
Spinal canal at level of L 3
The spinal cord is segmented like the vertebral column, but in contrast to the vertebrae, there are only _____ cord segments
31
30
29
32
The denticulate ligament...
Has its terminal attachment at S2
attaches to the dural sac continuously
is a modification of pia mater
Is found between all dorsal and ventral roots
It is decided to image the spinal cord and spinal nerve rootlets by doing a myelogram (injection of a radio-opaque dye into the subarachnoid space followed by a radiograph). In order to inject the dye without injury to the spinal cord, the injection is usually done below what vertebral level?
L2
L1
L5
L4
A football player suffers a herniated (ruptured) intervertebral disk in his neck. The disk compresses the spinal nerve exiting through the intervertebral foramen between the 5th and 6th cervical vertebrae.
Which spinal nerve is affected?
C8
C5
C6
C7
The cells that conduct messages towards the brain are the...
Motor neurons
Sensory neurons
Neuroglia
Interneurons
A patient is admitted after a head injury and sinks rapidly into a coma. An MRI scan indicates an extradural haemorrhage because extravasated blood can be detected between the...
Skull bones and dura mater
Arachnoid and pia mater
Pia mater and brain surface
Dura mater and arachnoid
A 23-year-old female presents complaining of hearing changes and balance issues. Which cranial nerve is most likely involved with her problems?
CN XI
CN IX
CN VIII
CN V
A patient presents with concerns about his vision. He states that he is experiencing double vision. Upon evaluation, you conclude that he has lateral rectus palsy. Which cranial nerve is most likely lesioned in this young man?
Trigeminal
Oculomotor
Abducent
Trochlear
Which of the following nerve is involved in affecting the heart rate?
Trigeminal
Vagus
Abducent
Glossopharyngeal
Which of the following cranial nerves can be directly linked to ptosis?
VI
V
III
IV
What function is associated with the oculomotor nerve?
Eye movement via the superior oblique
Eye movement and pupil constriction
Eye movement via the lateral rectus
Eyesight
Identify the unmatched pair:
Foramen ovale - CN V2
Jugular foramen - CN IX, X, XI
Superior orbital fissure - CN III, IV, V1, VI
Lateral wall of cavernous sinus - CN III, IV, V1, VI
You receive a patient for dental treatment, and while discussing you come to know that he was unable to sense the smell for past 5 years after a Traumatic brain injury. Name the cranial nerve involved in this case?
CN I
CN IX
CN VIII
CN III
Which cranial nerve is responsible for bringing auditory and orientation information to the brain?
CN VIII
CN II
CN X
CN I
Which cranial nerve is responsible for mastication?
Glossopharyngeal
Facial
Trigeminal
Vagus
Which branch of the trigeminal nerve provides sensation to the upper lip?
Buccal nerve
Cervical nerve
Mandibular nerve
Maxillary nerve
A malignant tumour is damaging the patient's glossopharyngeal nerve. They will experience
paralysis of the muscles of the tongue
loss of taste over the anterior two-thirds of the tongue
loss of taste and somesthetic sensation over the posterior third of the tongue
loss of somesthetic sensation over the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
Examination of a patient indicates that they have a medially directed strabismus (squint). This could be due to damage to the...
Abducent nerve
Oculomotor nerve
Ophthalmic trigeminal nerve
Trochlear nerve
CN VII supplies the?
taste buds on the posterior third of the tongue.
muscles of the lower lip.
muscles of the soft palate.
the parotid salivary gland.
What nerve wraps around the cranial nerve 6 before it exits the brain stem?
CN 3
CN 5
CN 7
CN 9
This cranial nerve exits from the dorsal side of the brain?
CN 4
CN 2
CN 1
CN 3
Where do Cranial nerves 9,10 & 11 originate from?
Midbrain
Medulla
Pons
Cortex
A patient came to the ER after a hard fall on his shoulder, he couldn’t move his right shoulder and turn his head to the right either, The nerve could be Affected is:
CN 5
CN 7
CN 11
CN 9
A student was shot by a bullet on the left side of the neck. The wound left him bleeding profusely and paralyzed the sternomastoid, trapezius and stylopharyngeus muscles on the same side. The posterior third of the tongue lost taste sensation. The bullet had pierced which of the following sites?
Jugular foramen
Foramen magnum
Foramen lacerum
Carotid canal
When you visited a neighbour, you noticed that his lips deviate to one side and he was unable to close his eyes on the other side. On discussion, he revealed that he has a cranial nerve lesion. Mention the cranial nerve involved in this case?
CN 9
CN 5
CN 11
CN 7
The broca’s lobe is located in?
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Occipital
