The scientific method of detecting deception with the aid of an scientific instrument.

How shall the scientific method of detecting deception be administered?

The word polygraph is a combination of two words “poly” which means:

He studied fear and its influence on the heart in which his observation

subsequently formed the basis of detection technique.

He developed the sphygmomanometer and “scientific cradle” which was designed to measure the flow of blood while a person lay on his back in a prone position.

He employed the first scientific instrument to detect deception,

which was known as hydrosphygmograph, an instrument to measures changes in pulse and blood pressure when suspects were asked about their involvement in a particular offense.

He was accorded the distinction of being the first person to utilize an instrument for the purpose of detecting lies.

He was considered as the father of the modern polygraphy.

He conducted numerous test for detecting deception utilizing the changes in systolic blood pressure. He also favored the discontinuous method of reading systolic pressure.

The person who lies in order to avoid the consequences of confession. He or she afraid of embarrassment to avoid ones and is a serious blow to his or her ego.

This person is a practical liar and lies when it has a higher payoff then telling the truth or someone who lies for years.

This type of liar has no conscience. He shows no regret for his dishonest actions and no manifestation of guilt. This is the most difficult type of liar he is a good actor he can fool most investigator.

It refers to the person who cannot distinguish what is right from wrong, or a person who is mentally sick.

It refers to a person who always pretends and a hypocrite.

The type of lies used to maintain harmony of friendship, harmony of the home or office.

This lie is common to communist countries. This lie is used to destroy other ideologies by means of propaganda.

The chronic lie purely used to mislead justice, a pure dishonesty to obstruct justice.

The following are some of the signs of lie, EXCEPT;

When a normally person tells a lie, physiological changes occur within his body that could be recorded by the instrument or polygraph machine and evaluated by the polygraph examiner.

It refers to any deviation (change) from the subject’s normal tracing.

The tracing wherein no question is asked or irrelevant question is asked to the subject.

What is the primary purposes of pre-test interview?

What is the primary objective of post-test interview?

The purpose why the subject is required to answer by yes or no only.

The following are the requirements for ideal examination room, EXCEPT;

To determine truth of deception based on the pressure of emotional disturbance of the subject as appearing on the recorded physiological responses to question relative to the case under investigation.

The very important part of polygraph technique without which polygraph are of no value or the most important single factor in polygraph testing.

What is the length of the cardio pen of the polygraph machine?

Part of cardiosphygmograph component which indicates the air pressure in the system in millimeters of mercury.

Determine the degree of decreases and increases of subject respiration or breathing.

The motor that drives or pull the chart paper under the recording pen at the rate of 6 or 12 inches per minute.

In a modern day polygraph chart, vertical lines are ruled to indicates____.

What is the function of the galvanograph component of the polygraph machine?

Component of lie detector which records the pulse rate, amplitude and changes of blood pressure is____;

Indicates that the examination is about to begin.

Physiological changes recorded on the polygraph caused by this emotion being experienced by a deceptive subject.

Represent the amount of air pressure inflated into the cardio system of arm cuff which is measured in millimeter.

The upward movement of the cardio pen caused by the contraction of the heart.

Among the four components of polygraph, the most valuable or reliable indicators in detecting deception are___;

What is the normal pulse rate of an average individual?

The most emotional factor that must be present in the subject of a polygraph test, in order for truth or deception can be depicted and interrupted objectively in the polygraph chart.

A prolonged suppression or withholding of breath causes the pnuemograph recording pen to trace a straight line is termed as___.

This is one of the reason, that the result of the polygraph examination still not accepted as evidence in court.

It is the type of probable lie question which include the relevant time period under investigation.

It is the question to which it is likely that the examinee is untruthful with his answer.

The question that designed to ensure that the examiner will not ask unreviewed questions or that the examinee is not afraid that the examiner will ask unreviewed questions.

The question that introduces the relevant question to the subject.

. It is the type of relevant question addresses the primary issues or direct involvement of thee subject on the matter under question.

It is designed to probe whether the subject possesses information regarding the identity of the offender of the or the facts of the case under investigation.

It is the question which is the same in nature with that of the relevant question but broader in scope.