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WorksheetsEOC Biology Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
The diagram below shows the feeding relationships for four coral reef organisms.
Humans sometimes kill giant tritons in order to collect their attractive spiral shells.
If humans kill most of the giant tritons in a coral reef, the coral population will most likely
decrease due to a decrease in the parrot fish population.
increase due to an increase in the parrot fish population.
increase due to a decrease in the crown-of-thorns sea star population.
decrease due to an increase in the crown-of-thorns sea star population
Which molecule is paired with its correct role in protein synthesis?
nucleus - forms peptide bonds
ribosome - carries DNA instructions
mRNA- joins amino acids
tRNA - transfers amino acids
Which best explains why a bacterial cell is classified as a prokaryote?
the presence of a nucleus
the absence of a nucleus
the presence of a cell wall
the absence of a cell wall
In certain species of roses, white roses and red roses are incompletely dominant to each other. When a red rose and a white rose are crossed, a pink rose is produced. What is the probability of producing a white rose when a red rose is crossed with a pink rose?
100%
75%
25%
0%
A diagram of a cell is shown below. Proteins are synthesized in which numbered organelle?
1
2
3
4
In the late 1800s, Christiaan Eijkman studied a disease called beriberi, which is caused by a vitamin deficiency. A disease similar to beriberi occurred in chickens that were fed polished rice, which is rice that has had the bran layer removed. Chickens that ate unpolished rice did not get the disease.
Eijkman convinced officials of a prison experiencing an outbreak of the disease to start feeding the prisoners unpolished rice. The rate of beriberi decreased dramatically. Which procedure would best convince other scientists who questioned his results?
Feed prisoners chickens that ate only unpolished rice.
Provide the same number of prisoners with polished rice as with unpolished rice.
Study other types of animals that had a disease similar to beriberi.
Compare chickens that ate polished rice to prisoners who ate polished rice.
What is the primary function of DNA in organisms?
binds to specific active sites
stores genetic information
transports amino acids to the ribosomes
produces chromosomes for sexual reproduction
Which piece of equipment is best for measuring the change in the mass of potato slices after placing them in different concentrations of salt water?
beaker
metric ruler
graduated cylinder
triple beam balance
Students conducted an investigation using Biuret reagent to determine the presence of proteins in different foods. The results are shown in the table below.
Honey and Potato
Potato and Chicken broth
Cottage cheese and Water
Cottage cheese and Yogurt
Which best describes how enzymes function in the body?
Enzymes are converted into products by the reactions they catalyze.
Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.
One enzyme can catalyze many different reactions.
An enzyme is used once and then destroyed by the cell.
The graph represents the relationship between an organism's oxygen consumption and body mass.
Which statement is supported by the information shown in the graph?
The oxygen consumption of an organism is one-half its body mass.
The oxygen consumption of an organism is not related to its body mass.
As the body mass of an organism increases, oxygen consumption decreases.
As the body mass of an organism decreases, oxygen consumption decreases.
An energy pyramid is shown below.
Available energy increases when moving up an energy pyramid.
Available energy decreases when moving up an energy pyramid.
The size of the organisms decreases when moving up an energy pyramid.
The population size of the organisms increases when moving up an energy pyramid.
Which molecules store and transmit genetic information?
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
A student notices that the lettuce in a salad wilts soon after salt is added. Wilting most likely occurs because the lettuce cells
swell when exposed to salt.
absorb the extra salt.
release water in the presence of salt.
lose oxygen when in contact with salt.
The pedigree chart below shows the transmission of genetic traits over several generations.
How is this trait inherited?
autosomal recessive
autosomal dominant
sex-linked recessive
sex-linked dominant
A diagram showing the evolution of eight bird species is shown below.
The differences in the species are most likely a result of
length of mating season.
population size.
color of feathers.
available food sources.
In active transport, carrier proteins
move substances across the cell membrane without the use of ATP.
move from low concentration to high concentration by diffusion.
move small molecules through the cell membrane by osmosis.
move substances from a low concentration to high concentration through the use of energy.
An isolated population of termites lives in a forest surrounded by mountains. These termites feed on dead wood, grasses, and seeds. This food is broken down by a species of microorganism that lives inside the intestines of the termites. Without the microorganisms, these termites cannot obtain the nutrients they need to survive. One winter, a virus causes most of these microorganisms to die.
As a result of the microorganism's absence, these termites will most likely
eat different food.
decrease to a level near extinction.
evolve immediately into a new species.
develop a new species of microorganism.
A researcher is studying the damage that predators cause to the wings of butterflies. Which tools are best to use to determine the percentage of butterflies with damaged wings?
triple beam balance and microscope
hand lens and triple beam balance
catch net and hand lens
microscope and graduated cylinder
Diagrams of a bent pinky finger and a straight pinky finger are shown below. The allele for having a bent pinky finger is dominant to the allele for having a straight pinky finger.
If two people who are both heterozygous for the trait of a bent pinky finger have a child, what is the percent probability that the child will have straight pinky fingers?
0%
25%
75%
100%
Which best describes the role of enzymes in a chemical reaction?
absorb excess energy
release unused energy
increase the reaction rate
regulate product reactivity
Which best describes how meiosis contributes to genetic variation?
increases the rate of reproduction with each generation
produces a new individual different from either parent
decreases the risk of lethal mutations being transmitted
forms new DNA that can resist environmental change
A food web is diagrammed below.
What would most likely happen if the rabbit population decreased as a result of another predator being introduced to the food web?
The fox population would decrease.
The food web would not be affected.
The bird population would increase.
The spider population would decrease.
Which human activity will have the most positive effect on the global environment?
decreasing the amount of trash in landfills through the recycling of glass bottles
planting trees in neighborhoods where recent construction has taken place
reducing air pollution across countries by enforcing stricter emissions laws
establishing a wildlife reserve for the protection of a local endangered species
The following diagram represents a food pyramid.
Which trophic level has the greatest total amount of energy to transfer to the next level?
Grain
Mouse
Snake
Hawk
Some microorganisms, such as yeast, produce energy in oxygen-free environments through the process of
mitosis.
photosynthesis.
aerobic respiration.
anaerobic respiration.
Which is an organelle that performs cellular respiration and is paired with its correct function?
chloroplast - converts light energy into chemical energy
chloroplast - converts chemical energy into light energy
mitochondrion - converts energy found in glucose into energy for use by the cell
mitochondrion - converts cellular energy into glucose chemical energy
Which biomolecule contains nitrogenous bases?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
Generic drugs are copies that are the same as brand-name drugs in dosage, safety, strength, quality, and performance. Many people pref er generic drugs because they cost much less than their brand-name counterparts. Which best explains why pharmaceutical companies are able to sell generic drugs at a much lower cost than the brand-name drugs?
Generic drugs do not have the initial costs of production and advertising.
Generic drugs do not have the approval of a government agency.
Generic drugs do not have to be tested on humans.
Generic drugs do not have to be packaged in childproof containers.
Which statement best describes the primary function of DNA replication?
to ensure daughter cells have a complete copy of the DNA
to prevent mutations from occurring in cells
to provide genetic variation within specific organisms
to allow prokaryotic cells to undergo meiosis
Which best describes the interaction between DNA and RNA during protein synthesis?
RNA carries the code to the nucleus where DNA translates the code into a protein.
DNA travels to the ribosome where RNA translates the code into a protein.
RNA carries the code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
DNA travels to the cytoplasm while RNA remains in the nucleus.
An ion must cross the cell membrane through active transport instead of passive transport when the ion is
negatively charged.
carried across by a protein.
going against the concentration gradient.
too small to move independently.
What would most likely result if nitrogen-fixing bacteria in an area were destroyed?
Vegetation in the area would grow at a faster rate.
Vegetation in the area would grow at a slower rate.
Vegetation in the area would not be affected.
Vegetation in the area would find other nutrient sources.
In certain species of guinea pigs, black fur is dominant to white fur. If a white male guinea pig is crossed with a black homozygous dominant female, what is the probability of having offspring with black fur?
100%
75%
50%
25%
Which factor is most likely to initiate the process of succession in which a deep freshwater lake becomes a woodland area?
accumulation of sediment
growth of microorganisms
change in the pH of the lake water
increase in invertebrate population
The transmission of a genetic disorder is shown in the pedigree below.
According to the pedigree, what is the mode of inheritance for this disorder?
a nonsex-linked dominant trait
a nonsex-linked recessive trait
a sex-linked trait carried on the Y chromosome
a sex-linked trait carried on the X chromosome
A growth curve for a population of crabs on a coral reef is shown below.
Which statement best explains what is happening at Point A?
Population growth decreases as individual crabs get older.
The population is stabilizing as it approaches carrying capacity.
Destruction of habitat is causing a decline in the population of the crabs.
The introduction of a new predator is causing a decline in population growth of the crabs.
The roots of some plant species have a special coating to help resist rotting in extremely wet weather. In which environment is it most beneficial for plants to have rot-resistant roots?
An ecologist performed a study to determine how the rate of photosynthetic activity in a lake changed from month to month. The results of the study are shown in the graph below.
Photosynthetic organisms were dormant during the months of April through August.
The rate of photosynthesis increased from June through December.
The rate of photosynthesis was greatest during the months of May through July.
Photosynthetic organisms experienced die-off during the months of January through June.
Meiotic cell division results in gametes that produce sperm and egg cells by
reducing the daughter chromosome number by 75%.
reducing the daughter chromosome number by 50%.
increasing the daughter chromosome number by 50%.
increasing the daughter chromosome number by 75%.
An ecosystem has a stable population of white-tailed deer. What is the most likely outcome if a new species of deer that competed for the same resources were introduced?
The white-tailed deer population would increase.
The producer population would decrease.
The white-tailed deer population would not be affected.
The predator population would decrease.
Which process most contributes to genetic variation in a population?
crossing over during meiosis
chromosome replication during mitosis
cytokinesis during cellular division
duplication of chromosomes in asexual reproduction
Scientists have developed a way to analyze and compare DNA sequences between humans. Using this genetic information would be most beneficial for
identifying individuals.
dating the age of fossils.
creating new gene sequences.
determining proteins produced in skin cells.
A student performed an investigation of the relationship between heart rate and blood pressure. The data collected is shown in the table below.
The student concluded the resting heart rate affects the resting blood pressure. Which statement supports the student's conclusion?
Subjects Q and S have the same resting blood pressure.
Subjects Q and R are different ages.
Subjects R and T have different resting blood pressure.
Subjects S and T are the same gender.
The chemical equation below shows the reaction of glucose and oxygen.
Which process does this equation represent?
photosynthesis
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
nitrogen fixation
A flock of one species of bird arrives on a group of sparsely populated islands. With little or no competition, different species of birds evolve from the original species. Each species is adapted to a different available niche.
This is an example of
divergent evolution.
convergent evolution.
dynamic equilibrium.
graduated equilibrium.
A student tests an unknown colorless solution for the presence of sugars, starches, lipids, and proteins. The results are shown in the table below.
Based on the data collected, which molecules are present in the unknown solution?
starches and lipids
proteins and starches
sugars and proteins
lipids and proteins
A forest area is being harvested for specific types of plants, causing a reduction of resources for organisms. The organism most likely to become extinct as a result of this activity is
one with a specialized diet.
one with a high rate of reproduction.
one that feeds from a variety of sources.
one that has a great amount of genetic variation.
Two cells are shown in the diagrams below.
Which statement correctly identifies the cells?
Cell 1 is prokaryotic; cell 2 is eukaryotic.
Cell 1 is eukaryotic; cell 2 is prokaryotic.
Both cells are prokaryotic.
Both cells are eukaryotic.
The pictures below show the limbs of four different species.
The four species illustrated most likely have similar limb structures because they all
share a common ancestor.
use their limbs for the same functions.
occupy the same level in a food pyramid.
adapted to the same environmental conditions.
