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Physical Science Semester Exam Study Guide

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 3hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What phase of matter is this element in?

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Gas

d)

Plasma

2.

What state of matter is this element in?

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Gas

d)

Plasma

3.
What is the atomic mass of Copper?
a)
63
b)
29
c)
34
d)
92
4.
How many protons are in Zirconium (Zr) ?
a)
40
b)
91
c)
30
d)
65
5.
An element's identity is determined by the number of
a)
electrons.
b)
protons.
c)
neutrons.
d)
valence.
6.

The overall charge of an Atom is...

a)

Positive

b)

Negative

c)

Neutral

d)

Can be positive or negative

7.

WHY are atoms overall charge always going to be neutral?

a)

The number of protons is more than the number or neutrons

b)

The number of protons is equal to the number of neutrons

c)

The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons

d)

The number of protons is less than the number of electrons

8.

What is an Ion?

a)

An atom that now has a positive or negative charge

b)

An atom that experienced a mutation

c)

An atom that has less energy

d)

An atom that has more neutrons

9.

How do ions form? (Select all that apply)

a)

If the atom gains protons

b)

If the atom loses protons

c)

If the atom loses electrons

d)

If the atom gains electrons

10.

An ion that loses an electron will have an overall positive charge. This is called a(n)...

a)

Cation

b)

Anion

c)

Atom

d)

Positron

11.

An ion that gains an electron will have an overall negative charge. This is called a(n)...

a)

Cation

b)

Anion

c)

Atom

d)

Positron

12.

Lithium is an element with an atomic number of 3. The figure on the right shows a lithium ion. What is the overall charge of this ion?

a)

+1

b)

0

c)

-1

13.

Look at the diagram and determine if the scenario is true or false.

a)

False. Since Lithium is a metal it tends to lose electrons.

b)

False. Since Lithium is a nonmetal it tends to lose electrons.

c)

True. Since Lithium is a metal it tends to gain electrons.

d)

True. Since Lithium is a nonmetal it tends to gain electrons.

14.
What kind of energy is added to or removed from matter to cause a phase change?
a)
Radiation
b)
Heat
c)
Solar
d)
Wind
15.

The simplest particles are called

a)

Elements

b)

Atoms

c)

Compounds

d)

Mixtures

16.

Sound

a)

Matter

b)

Non-Matter

17.

Heat

a)

Matter

b)

Non-Matter

18.

What is the Doppler Effect?

a)

When a wave overlaps with another wave

b)

When a wave bounces off of another object

c)

When a wave bends due to traveling through a different medium

d)

A change in frequency due to the relative motion of a wave source and an observer

19.

An ambulance is driving towards you as you stand on the sidewalk. What happens to the pitch of the siren as it comes towards you?

a)

It increases

b)

It decreases

20.

Look at the picture. Who is experiencing a higher pitched sound?

a)

Observer A

b)

Observer B

c)

There's no difference

21.

A student drops a bowling ball and an apple from a third-story window. Both objects hit the ground at the same time. From the experiment, the student should conclude that

a)

the apple weighs more than the bowling ball

b)

more air friction is acting on the apple than on the bowling ball

c)

gravity pulls on both objects, causing them to fall at the same time.

22.
What is gravitational force?
a)
It makes objects at rest start moving.
b)
It makes objects that are moving stop.
c)
The force of attraction between two objects.
d)
It pulls you into space.
23.
If a feather and a hammer are dropped at the same time on the moon, where there is no atmosphere, which one will hit the ground first?
a)
Neither, there is no gravity on the moon.
b)
hammer because it has more mass
c)
feather because it has less mass
d)
both will hit at the same time
24.
As mass increases, what happens to gravitational force?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
d)
i don't know
25.

What is the net force?

a)

3 N

b)

3 N, right

c)

17 N, right

d)

3 N, left

26.

What type of force is this man using to push his grocery cart?

a)

Normal Force

b)

Gravity

c)

Air Resistance

d)

Applied Force

27.
What is the net force?
a)
20 N 
b)
0 N 
c)
400 N 
d)
40 N 
28.
If these teams are pulling with the same amount of force what will happen?
a)
The boy in blue will win.
b)
They will not move at all.
c)
The boy in red will win.
d)
Both will fall down.
29.

Identify true statements:

a)

Net force is downward

b)

Velocity is increasing

c)

There is no drag

d)

Weight is increasing

e)

Deceleration

30.

Identify true statements:

a)

weight is increasing

b)

Velocity is increasing

c)

constant velocity

d)

Acceleration

e)

balanced forces

31.

A person steps out of the boat and onto the dock. As the person moves forward onto the dock, the boat moves backward. Which statement best describes the backward motion of the boat as the person steps forward?

a)

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

b)

Every mass exerts a force on every other mass.

c)

An object at rest tends to stay at rest.

d)

Friction opposes the motion of an object.

32.

A person in car slides to the right when going through a very sharp left turn on the highway.

a)

1st Law

b)

2nd Law

c)

3rd Law

33.

Which of Newton's Laws best explains what happens in the gif?

a)

Newton's First Law

b)

Newton's Second Law

c)

Newton's Third Law

34.

Newton's Second Law States:

a)

 F = maF\ =\ ma  

b)

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reation.

c)

An object at rest remains at rest, unless acted upon by a net force. An object in motion remains in motion, unless acted upon by a net force.

35.
which atom has  4 neutrons?
a)
Li-6
b)
Li-7
c)
Li-8
d)
they have the same # of neutrons
36.
Different isotopes have...
a)
different masses
b)
different atomic numbers
c)
different electrons
d)
different protons
37.

A series circuit has 2 light bulbs in it. Each light bulb has the same resistance. Identify the voltage across each light bulb if the battery supplies 12 V

.

a)

12 V

b)

8 V

c)

6 V

d)

4 V

38.
The picture shows an electrical circuit. This circuit is a series circuit because: 
a)
It has 3 light bulbs.
b)
The same current flows through all three light bulbs.
c)
It uses a single battery.
d)
The electrical current is divided between the three light bulbs.
39.
What kind of circuit is this?
a)
Series
b)
Consecutive
c)
Parallel
d)
Training
40.
This circuit does not work because…
a)
the bulbs are not connected properly
b)
the single cell is not powerful enough
c)
there is a break in the circuit
d)
there is a short crcuit
41.
What voltage is needed to cause a 5A current flow through a 2Ω resistor?
a)
10V
b)
2.5V
c)
7V
d)
0.4V
42.
What resistance is needed to cause a 20A current flow because of a 100V battery?
a)
0.2Ώ
b)
2000Ώ
c)
120Ώ
d)
5Ώ
43.
If the battery produced 12.6 Volts and what would be the current flow be for a 6 Ohm resistor
a)
2.1 Amps
b)
2.4 Amps
c)
1.71 Amps
d)
15 Amps
44.
How do you calculate resistance?
a)
Voltage X Current
b)
Current ÷ Voltage
c)
Voltage ÷ Current
d)
Current X Amps
45.
Which graph shows the object standing still?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
46.

The graph shows the distance a student walks down a hall over time. During which time interval was the student moving the fastest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

47.

Use the graph above and pick the most accurate description of the object's motion

a)

object is moving at constant speed

b)

object is speeding up

c)

object is at rest

d)

object is slowing down

48.

What is the line on this graph showing?

a)

moving away from starting point at a constant speed

b)

moving back towards the starting point at a constant speed

c)

acceleration (getting faster)

d)

deceleration (getting slower)

49.
What line segment represents only the solid state?
a)
A-B
b)
B-C
c)
C-D
d)
D-E
50.
In which segment is the kinetic energy remaining constant?
a)
A-B
b)
B-C
c)
C-D
d)
E-F
51.
What state(s) of matter are present at D-E?
a)
Solid-liquid
b)
Liquid
c)
Liquid-gas
d)
Gas-Solid
52.

This illustration best depicts which of the following behaviors?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Diffraction

d)

Resonance

53.

This image best depicts which of the following wave behaviors?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Diffraction

d)

Resonance

54.

This image depicts which of the following wave behaviors?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Diffraction

d)

Resonance

55.

The two categories of waves are

a)

Mechanical

b)

Physical

c)

Electromagnetic

d)

Love

56.
What is a medium?
a)
something between a small and a large?
b)
the substance through which a wave can travel
c)
a pattern of vibration that simulates when a wave is standing still
d)
the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave
57.
When a wave passes from one medium to another, the ________ may change.
a)
speed
b)
frequency
c)
wavelength
d)
speed, frequency, and wavelength
58.

Sound waves travel fastest through a _______________.

a)

gas

b)

liquid

c)

solid

59.
a)

absorption

b)

diffraction

c)

reflection

d)

refraction

e)

transmission

60.

The two blue and purple waves will undergo _________________ when they meet.

a)

Constructive interference

b)

Destructive interference

61.

The image of the two waves depicts

a)

Constructive interference

b)

Destructive interference

62.

The roller coaster cart has the most gravitational potential energy at position-

a)

W

b)

X

c)

Y

d)

Z

63.

What type of energy transformation occurs when using an electric pencil sharpener?

a)

electrical to mechanical

b)

sound to electrical

c)

mechanical to electrical

d)

potential to sound

64.

What energy transformation occurs when a crock pot is plugged into an outlet and then the control knob is turned "on"?

a)

thermal to electrical

b)

mechanical to thermal

c)

electrical to thermal

d)

electrical to sound

65.

What type of energy transformation happens in hydro-electric power?

a)

kinetic to potential

b)

sound to mechanical

c)

chemical to electrical

d)

mechanical to electrical

66.
A reflected sound wave
a)
frequency
b)
pitch
c)
echo
d)
rarefaction
67.

Bats use _______________to fly at night.

a)

echolocation

b)

mammals

c)

roost

d)

nocturnal

68.
This is a picture of a simple electromagnet. How can the electromagnet be made stronger?
a)
Add more coils of wire to the nail.
b)
Use a smaller battery.
c)
Reverse the poles of the magnet.
d)
Remove all the coils and the nail.
69.
What kind of magnet can be turned on and off?
a)
refridgerator magnet
b)
electromagnet
c)
magnetite
d)
iron
70.

A radio wave:

1) travels at the speed of sound.

2) is received by a radio which increases the amplitude of

the wave.

3) is low energy electromagnetic radiation.


Which of these statements is TRUE?

a)

1 only.

b)

1 and 2 only.

c)

2 and 3 only.

d)

3 only.

71.

which of the following lists shows EMR correctly arranged in order of increasing frequency?

a)

gamma rays, X-rays, microwaves, radio waves.

b)

X-rays, gamma rays, microwaves, radio waves.

c)

microwaves, radio waves, X-rays, gamma rays.

d)

radio waves, microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays.

72.

An Interference Pattern appears when...

a)

two particles interact with each other.

b)

waves interact with particles.

c)

two waves interact with each other.

d)

particles interact with particles.

73.

Which will heat up faster?

a)

copper

b)

granite

c)

iron

d)

basalt

74.

Which will heat up slower?

a)

water

b)

lead

c)

granite

d)

iron

75.

A drag racer accelerated from 0 m/s to 200 m/s in 5 s. What was the acceleration? a = vf - vi / t

a)

0 m/s

b)

-40 m/s2

c)

40 m/s2

d)

40 m/s

76.

A roller coasters accelerates from an initial velocity of 6.0 m/s to a final velocity of 70 m/s over 4 seconds. What's the acceleration? a = vf - vi / t


Remember: A = Change in Velocity / time

a)

24 m/s2

b)

16 m/s

c)

18 m/s/s

d)

16 m/s2

77.

What is the velocity of an object that has been falling freely in a vacuum for 2 seconds? v = g x t ; g = 9.8 m/s2

a)

9.8 m/s down

b)

10.1 m/s down

c)

19.6 m/s down

d)

39.2 m/s down

78.

When you touch hot sand, heat is transferred by _________ to your skin.

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

79.

__________ is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid.

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

80.

Two fluids, one warm and one cold, mix. The warm fluid rises and the cool fluid sinks

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

81.
The sun shines down on this family as the play on the beach.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
82.
The candle will slowly heat the metal and transfer the heat directly to the mans hand.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
83.

The upward force which is exerted against a falling object is

a)

gravity

b)

terminal velocity

c)

air resistance

d)

intertia

84.

A force which causes objects to fall is

a)

weight

b)

gravity

c)

air resistance

d)

absorbency

85.

Elements in the same period have the same number of valence electrons.

a)

True

b)

False

86.

Group 18 is known as the ___________ ______ and they are characterized as being completely non-reactive

(a)  

87.

Which type of element is characterized as being shiny, malleable, and ductile? (choose the best answer)

a)

Metalloid

b)

Metal

c)

Actinide

d)

Non-metal

88.

How many valence electrons does Na have?

a)

1

b)

5

c)

6

d)

11

89.
Which of these is a property of metals?
a)
It's malleable
b)
It can't conduct electricity
c)
They are used in food
d)
It's very brittle
90.
A student is given a sample of an unknown substance. He is asked to determine if it is classified as a metal, a metalloid, or a nonmetal. He discovered that the unknown element conducted some heat and electricity, had a shiny luster, and broke easily. This element is most likely a 
a)
metal
b)
nonmetal
c)
metalloid
d)
cannot be determined
91.
Which table below correctly lists the properties of metals and nonmetals? *
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
92.
Silicon is a semiconductor and has properties of both metals and nonmetals. What type of element is Silicon? 
a)
Metal
b)
Nonmetal
c)
Metalloid
d)
Pretty
93.

Which elements are to the right of the zig zag?

a)

metals

b)

nonmetals

c)

metalloids

94.

ductile means...

a)

can be made into wire

b)

can be bent or hammered

c)

can light up a light bulb

d)

it's shiny

95.

copper can be used to make statues like the statue of liberty

a)

therefore copper is malleable

b)

therefore copper is ductile

c)

therefore copper is shiny

d)

therefore copper is a conductor

96.
Velocity= 600 m/s
Wavelength= 2.0m
Frequency= _________
a)
300 hertz
b)
.0033 hertz
c)
3000 hertz
97.
Velocity= 320 m/s
Wavelength= 80 m
Frequency= ___________
a)
4 hertz
b)
.25 hertz
c)
400 hertz
98.

The lowest point on a transverse wave is the

a)

compression

b)

crest

c)

rest position

d)

trough

99.

_________________________ is the distance between a point on one wave and the identical point of the next wave.

a)

Amplitude

b)

Frequency

c)

Crest

d)

Wavelength

100.

Which arrow shows condensation?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

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