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WorksheetsBIO Review - DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 19mins
The monomers of nucleic acids are nucleotides. A nucleotide has three components. Identify the components.
A = Phosphate Group
B = 5-Carbon Sugar
C = Nitrogenous Base
A = Nitrogenous Base
B = Phosphate Group
C = 5-Carbon Sugar
A = Phosphate Group
B = Nitrogenous Base
C = 5-Carbon Sugar
What are the base pairing rules in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
A pairs with T
C pairs with G
A pairs with C
T pairs with G
A pairs with G
T pairs with C
In 1950, Erwin Chargaff discovered that the percentage of adenine in DNA equals the percentage of thymine, and that the percentage of cytosine equals the percentage of guanine. This proved invaluable to the eventual discovery of which aspect of DNA?
Location
Solubility
Structure
Volume
What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to the understanding of DNA molecules?
An image indicating the shape of a DNA molecule
An analysis of the chemical makeup of a DNA molecule
A thought that DNA carries genetic information
A theory about how DNA conveys genetic information
In 1952, Rosalind Franklin obtained this image of DNA using X-ray crystallography. Scientists used this image to conclude that the shape of DNA is best described as a −
ladder
double helix
triple helix
line
In 1953, these two scientists published a paper describing the shape of a DNA molecule. Which two scientists are given credit for the discovery of the structure of DNA?
Lamarck and Darwin
Newton and Einstein
Franklin and Wilkins
Watson and Crick
The model of DNA used today was proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. In this model, what sequence of bases would be complementary to A-G-C-T-A?
A-G-C-T-A
C-G-C-A-T
A-T-C-G-A
T-C-G-A-T
What type of bond occurs between the two nitrogenous bases (W and X) that holds the two strands of the DNA together?
Hydrogen Bond
Covalent Bond
Ionic Bond
Peptide Bond
James Bond
What type of bond occurs between the sugar and phosphate group (Y and Z)? This makes up the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA.
Hydrogen Bond
Covalent Bond
Ionic Bond
Peptide Bond
James Bond
During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unzipping the double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases?
Polymerase
Ligase
Helicase
Primase
The weakness of hydrogen bonds between the bases of DNA allows −
rearrangement of the sequence of bases to take place
base pairs to separate during transcription and replication
new bases to be incorporated into the DNA molecule
conversion of bases to amino acids in the event of cell starvation
Place the steps of DNA replication in order.
A: Enzymes unwind the double helix; each DNA strand serves as a template.
B: Free nucleotides bind to the template (A-T, C-G) by polymerase.
C: Two identical DNA molecules are produced.
A → B → C
B → A → C
C → B → A
A → C → B
The diagram shows the normal sequence of genes in a particular chromosome. Which chromosome could have resulted from a deletion that occurred in this chromosome?
The diagram shows the normal sequence of genes in a particular chromosome. Which chromosome could have resulted from an inversion that occurred in this chromosome?
Process A is the conversion of DNA into a copy of mRNA. This process is known as −
translation
transcription
replication
In eukaryotic cells, the process indicated by arrow A occurs in the −
cytoplasm
ribosome
nucleus
cell membrane
The arrow in the diagram represents the movement of which molecular structure?
DNA molecule
mRNA molecule
Base pair
Protein
How does RNA differ from DNA? Select ALL answer choices that apply.
RNA has the sugar ribose; DNA has the sugar deoxyribose.
RNA has the sugar deoxyribose; DNA has the sugar ribose.
RNA is double stranded; DNA is single stranded.
RNA is single stranded; DNA is double stranded.
RNA contains the base uracil (U); DNA contains the base thymine (T).
-ACGAT-
The base sequence of an RNA strand that complements this DNA base sequence is −
-TGCTA-
-ACGAT-
-ACGAU-
-UGCUA-
Process B is the conversion of mRNA into a protein. This process is known as −
translation
transcription
replication
The process indicated by arrow B occurs in the −
cytoplasm
ribosome
nucleus
cell membrane
Which type of RNA transfers or carries amino acids to the ribosome? This molecule contains the anticodon, which base pairs to the codon.
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
siRNA
Which amino acid is coded for by the following codon?
AUG
Phe
Thr
Val
Met
Amino acids are held together by −
peptide bonds
hydrogen bonds
ionic bonds
covalent bonds
Translate the following mRNA sequence into an amino acid sequence.
AUG GCC UCA UAG
Ala - Met - Ser - (Stop)
Ser - Ala - Met - (Stop)
Met - Ala - Ser - (Stop)
