Which of the following types of maps shows the boundaries of countries, states, or municipalities?

Which of the following is believed to have occurred during the last Ice Age as a result of a land bridge between what are now Siberia and Alaska?

Since the end of the United States Civil War in 1865, all of the following have been successful efforts or groups seeking civil rights for African Americans EXCEPT

The legal doctrine known as "separate but equal" was overturned by the Supreme Court's ruling in which of the following cases?

In the United States, the division of power between the national and state governments demonstrates the principle of

What percent of the seats in the U.S. House of Representatives are up for election every two years?

Historically, India's society has been organized into hierarchical groups known as

Which of the following major world religions is monotheistic?

Jane is saving to buy a new car. Her friends are planning a weekend trip to the beach. She wants to go but decides that saving for the car is more important. Jane’s choice best demonstrates which of the following economic concepts?

Between the Louisiana purchase, Lincoln's inauguration, and the Gold rush, what came first?

What happened right before the Star Spangled Banner was written?

What is the difference between the Virginia Colony and the New York Colony?

What is the main difference between the Aztecs and the Spanish?

What is the difference between the Muslims and the Christian's ?

The French worked with _______?

Were Maine and Vermont colonies?

Who protested in the 1960s and 1970s for the right to vote and for jobs?

What causes an over production of agricultural products?

What is drip irrigation?

What is the responsibilities of U.S. Citizens?

Law of Supply?

What helped trade between Rome and China?

Europe and Native Americans bonded through?

A rise in the price of exported goods would ?

Who was in the Triangular trade?

What can show the difference that humans have made because they are 'manmade'?

A tunnel that runs underground from England to France?

The Tropic of Cancer is located in the ?

The Tropic of Capricorn is located in the ?

What date was the bombing of the twin towers which resulted in the Patriot Act?

What does the Panama Canal connect to?

What is the largest river?

What canal was built for navigation from New York to the Atlantic?

What Ocean covers 1/3 of the Earth?

The Ring of Fire is located along which ocean?

Who was first to colonize the United States?

Whose climate is primarily arid and semiarid; affected during the 20th century decline?

Where is the Pyramid of Giza ? (Kush lived here)

Where did the Virginia Company settle for defense and for silver and gold?

Where did the conflict between Hutu and Tutsi people take place?

Who used hieroglyphics? (Rosetta Stone was an Ancient writing system known as hieroglyphics; formed paper form papyrus)

Who called their gods "Pharaoah"?

These people created pyramids, maize, and had complex temples....

They invented terrace farming?

They used river water to irrigate crops?

They created the democracy government; invented the alphabet; remembered for city-states; known for hosting the first olympic games and known as a record keeper?

Invented aqueducts; known for luxury goods; model government; known for inventing roads, arches, and aqueducts?

They were nomadic hunters/gatherers; rode horses while others did not because they did not have animals?

What branch of government consists of Congress, House of Representatives, and the Senate; make laws, can impeach the president?

What branch of government consists of the supreme court and other courts; evaluates the laws?

What branch of government consists of the President, Vice President, Cabinet, and most federal agencies; carries out the laws; mayor is the highest position in this branch; includes the governor of the states?

Who is the presiding officer of the House of

Representatives ?

They can impeach the president; 100 members (2 per state); up for election every six years

Must be 35 years old; up for election every 4 years; can veto Congress legislation and nominate Supreme Court Justices

They can declare war; can impeach the premises or with enough votes pass laws over the president's vetoes...

They regulate the economy to ensure financial stability ( in the U.S.)

They defend the Constitution

When a president vetoes a bill, it can be overridden by a 2/3 vote in both the Senate and the House of Representatives - if this occurs, the bill becomes law over the president

This occurs when Congress adjourns during the 10 day period; the president cannot return the bill to Congress...

All members of the House are elected at the same time every two years; the tenacious task of overt partisan advocacy falls to the majority leader; Speaker of the House is the presiding officer; there are 435 members total

The court can void an act of Congress if it is inconsistent with the Constitution? (John Marshall)

The Supreme Court ruled that slaves were not U.S. citizens and could not expect any protection from the federal government or the courts; in 1866, the 13th and 14th amendments overturned this decision, declaring all people born in the U.S. as U.S. Citizens; slaves have no legal right to sue for their freedom...

"Separate but equal"; Separate but equal accommodations for white and colored races; you could still have racial segregation in public facilities as long as the facilities were equal quality.

They Cannot separate children in public schools based on their race; overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson and ended the

“separate but equal”; the Supreme Court ruled in this case bringing an end to the era of ''separate but equal''

What were the wars in order?

ALLIED POWERS VS. CENTRAL POWERS;

Began because of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand;

central powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire;

allied powers were Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan, U.S.;

United States had two reasons to enter the war (Germany’s use of unrestricted warfare on civilian ships and the Zimmerman telegram sent by the German government to the Mexican government proposing a military alliance should American enter the war); this was the war to end all wars; the Treaty of Versailles ended the war one year later when terms were settled on after German surrender in 1918;

Woodrow Wilson’s main justification to enter World War I was that the world needed to be safe for a democracy; American did not enter until 1917; U.S. had unrestricted

submarine warfare

ALLIED POWERS VS. AXIS POWERS

Began when Germany invaded Poland; Britain and France declared war on Germany when Hitler invaded Poland; U.S. entered the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor; the war ended when the U.S. bombed Japan and the surrender of the Axis Powers (Germany and Japan)/V-Day; neighbor policy: Roosevelt promised to improve Latin American relations to ensure non-hostile neighbors in Latin America; Truman Doctrine: provided assistance to Europe after World War II; America did not enter until 1941; the Germany led invasion of Poland started WWII; put an end to the Great Depression; after World War II there was an increase in civil rights activities in the African American community, with a focus on ensuring that black citizens

were able to vote – this ushered in the civil rights movement resulting in the removal of the Jim Crow Laws.

U.S. VS. SOVIET UNION; No major military

battle between the U.S. and Soviets; containment strategy; Truman Doctrine led to the U.S. giving support to countries or people threatened by the Soviet Forces; ended with overspending to keep up with the U.S. in the war; fall of

the Berlin Wall ended the war; fought with the Soviet Union (1945-1991)

On August 6, 1945, during World War II, and American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city. The explosion immediately killed an estimated 80,000 people; tens of thousands more

would later die or radiation exposure; three days later, a second B-29 dropped another A-bomb, killing an estimated 40,000 people.

U.S. VS SOVIET UNION; President during this time was John F. Kennedy; leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13 day political and military standoff in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed

Soviet missiles on Cuba, just 90 miles from U.S. shores; Kennedy also secretly agreed to remove U.S. missiles from Turkey

NORTH KOREA VS. SOUTH KOREA; A war between North Korea and South Korea; the war began on June 25, 1950

when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and insurrections in the South; U.S. was on South Korea’s side

a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States; the conflict was intensified by the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union; communist forces ended the war by seizing control of South Vietnam in 1975, and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam the following year; U.S. was on the South side

NORTH VS. SOUTH; marked the end of the Civil War; General Lee surrenders to General Grant (1865)

3 months; the sinking of the USS Maine; ended the Spanish Colonial rule in Americas; U.S. gained control over Philadelphia because of this War; the war was because of a U.S. ship sank

(1898)

BRITAIN AND THE COLONIES; British Royal Navy was

kidnapping American Sailors and forcing them to fight for Britain; Penning of the Star-Spangled Banner; Treaty of Ghent ended this war (all conquered territories were returned)

NORTH VS. SOUTH; considered the most important engagement of the American Civil War; it was the turning point of the Civil War; the Union had won the Battle of Gettysburg; Abraham Lincoln dedicated a cemetery for soldiers who died at this battle (1863)

A border dispute over whether Texas ended at the Nueces River (Mexican claim)or the Rio Grande (U.S. Claim); an attack on American troops by Mexican soldiers in the disputed area between the two rivers on April 25,

1846; U.S. annexation of Texas 1845; ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; Mexico gave up 55% of its territory (1846-1848)

South – General Lee; North– Union; the war started because the confederates bombarded the Union at

Fort Sumter; southern states decided to secede from the U.S.; most fighting is done in the south; south had better and more experienced general; north had more soldiers and ammunition (railroads); minutemen – MA fighters

and British soldiers; Emancipation Proclamation was the turning point of the war and declared slaves free – it was issued by Abraham Lincoln after the union victory of Antietam; Union won the war, preserving the U.S.; after the

war was the reconstruction era where they focused on rebuilding the south; Battle @ Court House was the end of this war; Battle of Bull run was the first battle in this War; a bloody battle; end of this War was when Robert E. Lee surrendered at the battle of Appomattox courthouse

What was the first battle in the Civil War?

This battle occurred on September 17, 1862; it pitted Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern

Virginia against Union General George McClellan’s Army of the Potomac and was the culmination of Lee’s attempt to invade the north; the battle’s outcome would be vital to shaping America’s future, and it remains the deadliest one-day battle in all of American military history; union claimed

victory; confederates were being driven out of Maryland

The last battle of the American Revolutionary War; this battle proved to be the decisive engagement of the American Revolution; the British surrender forecast the

end of the British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nation – The United State of America; American victory; outnumbered and outfought during a three-week siege in which they sustained great losses, British troops

surrendered to the Continental Army and their French allies; this last major land battle of the American Revolution led to negotiations for peace with the British and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783; Cornwallis

surrendered marking the end of this battle

This was a great turning point in the war; occurred in September and October 1777, during the second year of the American Revolution; it included two crucial battles,

fought 18 days apart and was a decisive victory for the Continental Army and a crucial turning point in the Revolutionary War; ended with France becoming a military alliance

This was the first major battle “don’t shoot until you can see the whites of their eyes”; on June 17, 1775, early in the Revolutionary War, the British defeated the Americans at

the Battle of Bunker Hill in Massachusetts; despite their loss, the inexperienced colonial forces inflicted significant casualties against the enemy, and the battle provided them with an important confidence boost during the Siege of Boston; most of the fighting occurred on nearby Breed’s Hill

These events that enraged colonists and led to this war was: The Stamp Act (1765), The Townshend Acts (1767), The

Boston Massacre (1770), The Boston Tea Party (1773), The Coercive-Intolerable Acts (1774), The Battle of Lexington and Concord (1775), and the British attacks on coastal towns; arose from growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial

government, which represented the British crown; skirmishes between British troops and colonial militiamen in Lexington and Concord in April 1775 kicked off the armed conflict, and by the following summer, the rebels

were waging a full-scale war for their independence; France entered this war on the side of the colonists in 1778, turning what had essentially been a civil war into an international conflict; after French assistance helped the Continental Army force the British surrender at

Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781, the Americans had effectively won their independence, though fighting would not formally end until 1783; Battle of Lexington and Concord was the first battle; Battle of Yorktown was the last

battle.

This was the first battle of the American Revolutionary War; Paul Revere yelled “The British are coming”; British General Thomas Gage led a force of British soldiers from Boston to Lexington, where he planned to capture colonial radical leaders Sam Adams and John Hancock, and then head to

Concord and seize their gunpowder, but American spies got wind of the plan, and with the help of riders such as Paul Revere, word spread to be ready for the British; on the Lexington Common, the British forces was confronted by 77 American militiamen, and they began shooting at each

other; seven Americans died, but other militiamen managed to stop the British at Concord, and continued to harass them on their retreat back to Boston. The British lost 73 dead, with another 174 wounded and 26 missing

in action. The bloody encounter proved to the British that the colonists were fearsome foes who had to be taken seriously. It was the start of America’s war of independence. (1775)

This was a deadly riot that occurred on March 5, 1770, on

King Street; it began as a street brawl between American colonists and a lone British soldier, but quickly escalated to a chaotic, bloody slaughter; the conflict energized anti-British sentiment and paved the way for the American Revolution

7-year war; France had Indian allies; provided Britain with territorial gains in North America; France wanted control of the Ohio River area, but Britain would not let them have it

(valuable because of fur and land resources); Albany Plan (proposed by Benjamin Franklin, the idea to create a unified government uniting all 13 colonies and providing for mutual defense); Treaty of Paris (ended the war and gave English control of Canada and the French areas east of the

Mississippi River; as a result, American colonists didn’t need British protection against the French anymore and became independent; English forced the Americans to pay more taxes which led to the American Revolution; Britain and French territories were separated by the Appalachian

Mountains; proved the English to be the more dominant force (1754-1763)

Manipulate the boundaries of (an electoral constituency) so as to favor one party or class; process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.

Why do democratic governments regulate (place rules on) the economy?

The wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services (has to do with money)

The study of the economic behavior and decision making of small units, such as individuals, families, and businesses

The study of the economy as a whole

goods and services are produced the way it has always been done...

An economic system combining private and public enterprise

An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy

Based on supply and demand with little or no government control is ?

The central bank of the United States is the ?

A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money is ?

What can help you determine economic growth in a country?

The total dollar value of goods and services produced by a nation at home or away

The total market value of all final goods and services produced in an economy in a year is?

What would increase a nation's GDP? (Gross Domestic Product)

Increase in price results in increase in supply

Consumers buy more of a good when its price decreases and less when its price increases

Why did Russia withdraw from the first World War?

A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who took control of Russia's government in November of 1917

A world-wide economic depression, drawn out duration and a slow, uneven recovery triggered by the US stock market crash of 1929 (1929-1933)

Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials, especially legislators, and the policies they enact

Longitude line that divides Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

Changing interest rates to make sure inflation does not get out of control is the one job of the ______?

Who protects the rights of inventors?

During the industrial revolution machines such as the cotton gin and steam engines help business to create many goods and services is called?

What are two natural resources that European Explorers want in North America?

Who is Nelson Mandela?

This Indian leader used nonviolent methods to seek independence from Great Britain

Roman Catholic Nun who founded missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India in 1950. Received Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. Beatified by Pope John Paul II in 2005.

Constantine

Alexander the Great- King of Macedonia conquered

Where is the Breadbasket of Europe? (it has rich soil, many fields of wheat, and other foods)

India gained independence from _________ in 1947.

Peru's Geography is how many km of desert?

The destruction of vegetation caused by too many grazing animals consuming the plants in a particular area so they cannot recover is?

Check (two) boxes that are environmental and geological threats to Mexico

This person had a theory called Malthusian catastrophes - If the population continues to grow unchecked disease, famine, and war will occur.

The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves.

What is an effect of China's fast economic growth?

What are the names of time zones? (check boxes)

The time zone between California and Texas is called

California Time Zone is called?

Texas Time zone is called?

A ship canal in Northeastern Egypt linking the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea is called? (shortest maritime route and expedites trade)

Where is the greatest frequency of tornadoes?

How do humans impact topography?

Countries that are fighting because of territorial claims in Kashmir

( check three)