WorksheetsPCT: Body Structure & Function/Growth & Development
Total questions: 32
Worksheet time: 17mins
The trachea, the heart, the blood vessels, and the lungs are located in which body cavity?
dorsal
abdominopelvic
ventral
pelvic
The student PCT correctly identifies ____________ as when a person's body is maintaining a balanced state within its internal environment.
homeostasis
mitosis
lysosomes
protein synthesis
What process has occurred when the patient inhales oxygen and it passes through the lungs and into the bloodstream (area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration)?
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
osmosis
diffusion
What type of tissue is composed of cells that contract in response to a message from the brain or spinal cord?
epithelial
connective
membrane
muscle
The student PCT demonstrates knowledge of basic human anatomy and physiology with which statement?
"Mucous membranes line many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms."
"Serous membranes line many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms."
"Striated smooth muscle lines many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms."
"Visceral, involuntary smooth muscle lines many organs, open to the outside environment, and are part of the body's defense mechanism against invasion of microorganisms."
When the body recognizes a foreign body invasion and responds by engulfing or surrounding the foreign material and digesting it, the PCT is accurate in identifying this process as what?
mitosis
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
filtration
When a group of several different tissues is arranged to perform a special function, the PCT correctly uses which term to describe it?
cell
organ
tissue
system
What are the two major cavities of the body?
Thoracic and abdominal
Abdominal and pelvic
Dorsal and ventral
Anterior and posterior
What structure divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Mediastinum
Diaphragm
Lungs
Stomach
The PCT is aware that the first socializing agent for the child is
daycare.
family.
school.
play groups.
A 4-year-old child is working on which of Erikson's developmental tasks?
Trust vs. mistrust
Industry vs. inferiority
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Initiative vs. guilt
Which statement most accurately describes growth during the school-age period?
Growth occurs at a rate similar to that during infancy.
Growth is slow and consistent.
Growth is mainly in the body's upper region.
Growth is more rapid than during the preschool period.
An 8-year-old loves to draw and do craft projects. Her need for praise and encouragement for her work efforts demonstrates her development of which of Erikson's tasks?
Autonomy
Initiative
Industry
Identity
Peak physical strength and endurance occurs during which period of life?
Adolescence
Early adulthood
Middle adulthood
Late adulthood
What term accurately describes the principle that growth begins at the head and moves toward the lower extremities?
Integrated
Proximodistal
Cephalocaudal
Differential
To counteract the effect of aging, ____________ helps to increase the flow of _____________.
Rest; blood
Sleeping; oxygen
Exercise; oxygen
Carbohydrates; oxygen
Which action(s) contribute(s) to accomplishing the Healthy People 2020 Health Indicators? (Select all that apply.)
Teaches patients how to limit fats and sugar in the diet
Reinforces the need for preventative dental care.
Encourage patients to routinely exercise.
Assists patients to locate smoking cessation literature.
Shows respect and courtesy to elderly patients
Most of the weight gain in the first months of life is in the form of fat. What is the best physiologic explanation for this gain of fat?
Fat provides insulation and a source of nourishment if teething or other problems decrease food intake for a few days.
In cephalocaudal growth, fat must be deposited in areas of the trunk and abdomen before growth in extremities can occur.
Breast milk or prepared formulas are high in nutrients that are more readily converted to fat than to muscle or bone tissue.
Muscle and bone require more protein and calcium, so development of these tissues is concurrent with intake of solid foods.
The mother of a 5-month-old infant reports the child is irritable; gums are red and edematous, and he demonstrates excessive drooling. What does the patient care technician expect the nurse to recommend?
Advise the mother to contact the health care provider for treatment of infection.
Suggest the mother wipe and massage the gums and offer sips of water.
Teach the mother to brush the gums with a soft brush and fluoride toothpaste.
Advise the mother to give an infant dose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for discomfort.
The PCT would advise the parents to contact the health care provider if their 1-year-old infant:
seems restless and makes little noises during short nap-like periods.
cries persistently during usual sleep periods and is inconsolable.
sleeps 12 hours a night and takes one nap during the day.
frequently kicks and stretches when in the supine position.
The working mother has an 8-month-old child who has to go to daycare while she works. How can the patient care technician best help the mother prepare for the first day of daycare?
Explain the likelihood of separation anxiety as a normal behavior.
Emphasize that the child is likely to sleep most of the day, so he won't miss her.
Describe the benefits of parallel play for cognitive development.
Validate the mother's feelings of guilt and reassure that daycare is beneficial.
The patient care technician is watching a group of mothers interact with their young children. Which behavior by a mother would most suggest that additional assessment for potential child abuse might be required?
Retrieves toddler whenever he tries to run or jump or perform active movements.
Allows toddler to climb on a table space that is meant for snacks and drinks.
Berates and shames her toddler for refusing to share toys with other children.
Talks to other mothers and allows the toddler to fuss without comforting him.
The PCT is interviewing the parents of a toddler who must be admitted for 23-hour observation for a febrile illness. What would be the most important question to ask about the child's bedtime?
"Would you prefer that he gets milk or juice in a bottle?"
"What do you usually do when you put him to bed?"
"How many hours does he usually sleep?"
"What would you like me to tell him about sleeping away from home?"
The mother is ordering lunch for her toddler. The PCT would intervene if the mother selected which food for the toddler?
Milk
Peanut butter sandwich
Carrot sticks
Small banana
The parents report that their 3-year-old child has not started talking, but he seems happy and active and very interactive with the world in nonverbal ways. What does the PCT expect the nurse to advise the parents to do?
Advise the parents to read to the child and ask him to name familiar objects.
Suggest expanding opportunities for parallel play, such as at daycare or play groups.
Reassure parents that children grow and develop at their own pace.
Suggest consultation with the health care provider for possible hearing or speech problems.
The health care provider tells the nurse that he has to privately talk to the mother and asks if the PCT would please watch the 4-year-old child. What would be the best way for the PCT to interact with the child?
Take the child to the cafeteria and buy him a snack.
Give him some crayons and paper and ask him to draw a picture.
Ask him to "help" by sorting a bag of rubber bands by size and color.
Explain why he has to wait and give him a book to read.
Which routine check-up(s) or screening(s) is/are recommended for school-age children? (Select all that apply.)
Vision testing
Dental examination every 6 months
Hearing test
Scoliosis screening
Cancer screening
The PCT must perform a dressing change on a 7-year-old child. The PCT explains that the procedure will not hurt, but the child appears apprehensive. What is the best approach for the PCT to use?
Demonstrate the procedure on a doll and answer questions.
Ask the child to hold the tape strips and praise her.
Premedicate with a mild anxiolytic medication and explain.
Coach the parent through the procedure and stand back.
A parent expresses concern because her 11-year-old healthy, active son seems very short. She reports that all men on both sides of the family are tall. What is the best information that the PCT can give to the mother about growth and development? (Select all that apply.)
During the school-age period, the growth pattern is usually gradual and subtle.
A second period of rapid growth is expected during adolescence.
He is probably lacking essential nutrients that contribute to height and weight.
Distant genetic factors are likely to predispose him to a shorter height.
From ages 6-12, height increases by 2 inches.
Development tasks of early adulthood include: (Select all that apply.)
achieving financial and social independence
accepting self and others.
maximizing personal worth and identity.
making decisions regarding career, marriage, and children
Which behavior demonstrates that a 55-year-old adult is meeting his developmental task of generativity?
Ruminates over fears and lifetime failures.
Reorganizes personal belongings and assets.
Gives advice to nephew about succeeding in life.
Reviews will for distribution of worldly goods.
The PCT is assisting the nurse who is assessing the vision of an older adult patient. Which finding is not associated with the aging process?
Presbyopia
Visualization of half the field
Decreased depth perception
Slowed accommodation
