A claim or thesis that conveys a perspective developed through a line of reasoning and supported by evidence

A belief regarded as true and often unstated

— One who creates a work (e.g., article; research study; foundational, literary, or philosophical text; speech, broadcast, or personal account; artistic work or performance) that conveys a perspective and can be examined

A personal opinion, belief, or value that may influence one’s judgment, perspective, or claim

A statement made about an issue that asserts a perspective

Discussion and analysis of evidence in relation to the claim which may identify patterns, describe trends, and/or explain relationships

Issue involving many facets or perspectives that must be understood in order to address it

Acknowledgment and acceptance of an opposing or different view

Understanding resulting from analysis of evidence

The intent, audience, purpose, bias, situatedness, and/or background (larger environment) of a source or reference

— The stylistic features of writing (e.g., grammar, usage, mechanics)

An opposing perspective, idea, or theory supported by evidence

The degree to which a source is believable and trustworthy

Goes beyond the traditional boundary of a single content area or discipline

A type of reasoning that constructs general propositions that are supported with evidence or cases

Information (e.g., data, quotations, excerpts from texts) used as proof to support a claim or thesis

— Evidence or reasoning that is false or in error

A possible future effect or result

A type of reasoning that presents cases or evidence that lead to a logical conclusion

A process for seeking truth, information, or knowledge through a study, research investigation, or artistic endeavor/work

Involving two or more areas of knowledge

Important problem for debate or discussion