Formed from the surrounding city-states near Sparta. It was formed to defeat democracy in Athens.

Rule by a few

A Greek military leader who convinced the Athenians to build a navy. This helped Athens win a major battle against Persia, the Battle of Salamis.

This Aegean culture loved military pursuits

An advanced civilization that developed on the island of Crete around 2500 B.C.E.

a palace complex that has indoor plumbing; located on Crete

A Greek-speaking people who migrated into mainland Greece after they destroyed the Mycenaean civilization.

Ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)

time of Greece described in the writings of Homer

Goddess of Wisdom

Earliest center of civilization in the Aegean region

Discovered Troy in Turkey. He ravaged the site so that he could prove it was Troy.

What athletic contests began as an attempt to please the Greek gods through physical prowess?

Greek city-state

Greek for "high city". The chief temples of the city were located here.

Rule by ONE

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

Government by the people

Spartan slaves

Ancient Greek state that believed in war and physical activity.

What two Greek city-states represented two opposing ways of life within Greek society?

What Greek city-state was characterized by creativity, commercial endeavors, democracy, and individualism?

king of Persia who expanded the empire and invaded Greece but was defeated at the Battle of Marathon (550-486 BC)

100 miles from Athens; it is where the Greek soldiers held off the Persian army for 3 days

Son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C

What eastern civilization threatened the Greeks at the outset of the fifth century?

what battle did an unorthodox charge from the greeks lead to victory?

Across what body of water did Xerxes make a bridge of boats to move his army?

Over what kingdom did Philip II rule?

teacher of Alexander the Great who instilled in his young pupil a love for Greek culture?

Greek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for corrupting Athens youth

Father of Medicine

A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.