Scientists frequently repeat the experiments of others scientists. Why is this important in science?

Information gathered from the systematic study of nature.

Scientists form _________ hypothesis to answer questions.

A possible explanation of or answer to a scientific question that is based on prior knowledge or research and is testable.

________ is something that is recognized or noticed using the senses.

Scientists ___________ experiments to make sure the results are meaningful.

____________ is using a planned or careful method.

____________ is not based on science or facts.

Select all options that are true for science.

Select all options that are true for pseudoscience.

Scientists develop knowledge by making ___________ about the natural world that may lead to a scientific question.

A scientific question may lead to a(n) ___________, which can be tested.

The results of ___________ can lead to changes in scientific knowledge.

What is any process used to ask and answer questions about the natural world.

Which statement best describes comparative and descriptive investigations?

Which kind of investigations are meant to provide large amounts of information about a wide range of variables?

Which kind of investigations never include a hypothesis?

Which provides a baseline for an experimental investigation and cannot be manipulated in an experiment?

The first step in scientific inquiry.

The purpose of this type of investigation is to determine relationships, it requires a hypothesis and variables but no controls.

The purpose of this investigation is to draw conclusions. The scientists' main tools are video and photography documentation and a scientific journal. It does NOT utilize a hypothesis, variables or controls.

The purpose of this type of investigation is to gather evidence that supports or refutes a hypothesis.

Select all that apply for scientific inquiry.

The five steps for scientific investigations are

1. Asking a Question

2. Performing Investigations

3. Collecting Data

4. Providing Explanations

5. Communicating Results

Select all that apply for a scientific question.

What is based on observations and can be answered through an investigation?

Select the scientific investigation(s) that may include a hypothesis.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that may include a control group.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that may include a question, procedure, and a conclusion.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that has the benefit of being less expensive and less time consuming.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that has the benefit of using a wide range of variables.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that has the benefit of being best used for cause and effect relationships.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that has the limitation of being produced in a laboratory but not in the natural world.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that has the limitation of showing a relationship that does not always indicate cause and effect.

Select the scientific investigation(s) that has the limitations of not showing cause and effect nor being repeatable.

The three main types of scientific investigations are descriptive, comparative, and experimental. Which components are included in all three types of investigations?

The scientist Konstantin Mereschkowsky knew in the early 1900s that plants make their own food by using sunlight. He also saw tiny parts in plants called chloroplasts that do not appear in any animals. He hypothesized that chloroplasts are what help plants make food. After many more observations of all types of plants and animals, scientists are convinced today that chloroplasts make food for plants.

Has the study of chloroplasts been scientific or pseudoscientific?

What does the prefix pseudo mean in the word pseudoscience?

Oil is a powerful source of energy used for cars, machines, and many other purposes. While studying sources of energy that could replace the use of oil, a student thinks about solar power, wind power, nuclear power, and electric batteries. The students asks,"Which type of source will waste the least energy and provide the most energy in all situations?"

Which best describes why a scientist would ask a different question than this one?

A food company has designed new types of breakfast cereal and is now working to decide which cereal to mass produce and begin selling. They can measure some traits of the cereals with scientific tools, but they also use small surveys to ask cereal buyers about their opinions.

Which question could most likely be answered scientifically by the food company?

In studies about new medicines, researchers usually give one group of patients the medicine that is designed to treat an illness. They give another group of patients a placebo, which is taken the same way as the medicine but does not actually contain the ingredients of any medicine. Different medicines are tested in different experiments, but the placebos usually contain the same non-medical ingredients. If both groups of patients are healed, then researchers cannot be sure whether the medicine caused improvement, but if the group given the medicine is healed while the group given the placebo remains ill, researchers can conclude that the medicine causes the illness to go away.

In medical experiments, which group receives placebos?

In the 1700s, Isaac Newton determined that the force of gravity between two objects depends on the mass of the objects and distance between them. He reasoned that things fall toward Earth because it has so much mass. Then in the 1900s, Albert Einstein worked with new discoveries, such as the fact that light alwaystravels the same speed, and he determined a new explanation of how and why gravity works. Mass and distance still matter in Einstein’s explanation, but speed also matters. Newton’s explanation still works for objects close to Earth, but Einstein’s explanation works for all of the objects in the universe.

What does this demonstrate about the nature of science?

Tara sees a commercial for a brand of pills that promise to boost energy and help people perform better in work and school. As people in the commercial talk about how much better they feel when taking the pill, Tara notices a message on the bottom of the screen that reads, "This pill is not approved by doctors and has not been tested in controlled experiments.”

What is the best conclusion that Tara should make about the commercial?