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Veggie Odd Years - Multiple Choice

Total questions: 140

Worksheet time: 2hrs 8mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Fungi are a part of which kingdom?

a)

Plantae

b)

Monera

c)

Mycota

d)

Protista

2.

Which of the following is a common xeromorphic plant characteristic?

a)

large leaves

b)

spines

c)

growing close to the ground

d)

thin leaves

3.

Plant foods contribute about ____ percent of the world's calories.

a)

28

b)

48

c)

68

d)

88

4.

If a plant is classified phylogenetically, it is classified by:

a)

how it looks

b)

where it grows

c)

what it is grown for

d)

its structure

5.

_______ is considered the father of botany.

a)

Ellsworth

b)

Glover

c)

Theophrastus

d)

Von Linne

6.

Which of these divisions includes ferns?

a)

Lycopodiophyta

b)

Polypodiophyta

c)

Pinophyta

d)

Equisetophyta

7.

Which of these divisions is only known as fossils?

a)

Pinophyta

b)

Magnoliophyta

c)

Psilotophyta

d)

Rhyniophyta

8.

Which of these subdivisions is MOST specific?

a)

Variety

b)

Genus

c)

Order

d)

Species

9.

In the future ___________ will be used to classify and group plants.

a)

DNA analysis

b)

chemical analysis

c)

protein analysis

d)

all answers are correct

10.

Which of these is NOT a root function?

a)

anchoring the plant

b)

absorbing water and minerals from the soil

c)

supporting and displaying leaves

d)

storing food produced by the aboveground portion of the plant

11.

_______ have no distinguishable primary root and often spread out near the surface of the soil.

a)

Fleshy roots

b)

Aerial roots

c)

Taproots

d)

Fibrous roots

12.

Which type of stem is too weak to support itself?

a)

climbing

b)

crowns

c)

rhizomes

d)

stolons

13.

The narrow cylindrical part of a complete leaf is called the:

a)

blade

b)

stipule

c)

sessile

d)

petiole

14.

Three or more flowers gathered closely together in simple or branched groups to increase their conspicuousness are called a(n):

a)

raceme

b)

inflorescence

c)

cluster

d)

catkin

15.

Which of these is an example of a corymb?

a)

candytuft

b)

dill

c)

garden calla

d)

sunflower

16.

Which of these is NOT a part of the stamen?

a)

filament

b)

style

c)

anther

d)

pollen grains

17.

______ are dehiscent, one- or two-seeded winged fruit.

a)

Capsules

b)

Samara

c)

Grains

d)

Legumes

18.

Which term describes a fleshy fruit developed from the receptacle of a single flower, which becomes enlarged and bears many simple, true fruits resembling achenes or drupes?

a)

Berry

b)

hesperidium

c)

pepo

d)

aggregate

19.

Generally, a pedon has dimensions of about:

a)

one meter by one meter, and about one and a half meters deep

b)

one and a half meters by one and a half meters, and about one meter deep

c)

one meter by one meter, and about one meter deep

d)

one and a half meters by one and a half meters, and about one and a half meters deep

20.

All soil begins with:

a)

water

b)

plant matter

c)

crushed rock

d)

solid rock

21.

Which of the following is NOT a primary geologic classification of rock?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

organic

d)

metamorphic

22.

Which of these is not an example of igneous rock?

a)

granite

b)

marble

c)

quartz

d)

feldspar

23.

When a river floods, coarser materials tend to be deposited in:

a)

a river terrace

b. floodplains

c. levees

d. all answers are correct

b)

floodplains

c)

levees

d)

all answers are correct

24.

Marine sediments form in:

a)

the ocean

b)

rivers

c)

ponds or lakes

d)

all answers are correct

25.

Which of these is an example of a leached material?

a)

lime

b)

clay

c)

plant nutrients

d)

all answers are correct

26.

Which classification of soil change involves materials moving within the soil be leaching?

a)

additions

b)

translocations

c)

losses

d)

transformations

27.

Which horizon is called topsoil by most growers?

a)

O horizon

b)

R horizon

c)

A horizon

d)

B horizon

28.

Which of these is a mineral nutrient found in plants?

a)

hydrogen

b)

zinc

c)

nitrogen

d)

carbon

29.

Organic matter that has completely decomposed and is more or less stable with the soil environment is called:

a)

macronutrients

b)

micronutrients

c)

lime

d)

humus

30.

Which of these is NOT an important apatite deposit site?

a)

Maine

b)

Florida

c)

Wyoming

d)

Tennessee

31.

Sulfur is found in:

a)

cystine

b)

vitamins

c)

enzymes

d)

all answers are correct

32.

Magnesium:

a)

is a relatively immobile element in the plant

b)

is found in dolomitic limestone

c)

cannot be translocated from older to younger plant parts in the event of deficiency

d)

all answers are correct

33.

Micronutrients are most apt to limit crop growth in:

a)

nonleached soil

b)

soils low in pH

c)

muck soils

d)

soils that have not been heavily fertilized

34.

Which of these micronutrients occurs predominantly as cations in the soil solution?

a)

iron

b)

copper

c)

manganese

d)

all answers are correct

35.

Applying lime to the soil:

a)

improves plant growth and crop yields

b)

sours the soil

c)

reduces the effectiveness of applied nitrogen

d)

decreases the activity of microorganism

36.

Dry tissue testing:

a)

involves the testing of green tissue

b)

is standarized

c)

sacrifices accuracy for speed and convenience

d)

results should be confirmed with subsequent rapid tissue testing

37.

There are 10 pounds of ________in a typical 100-pound bag of 5-10-15 grade fertilizer.

a)

lime

b)

total nitrogen

c)

soluable potash

d)

available phosphate

38.

Which of these statements about fertilizer placement is false?

a)

Nitrogen and potassium carriers are more readily soluble than phosphate fertilizer materials

b)

Early stimulation of the seeding is usually advantageous

c)

Placement of fertilizer in bands reduces contact with the soil, thereby speeding the conversion of phosphorus to forms not available to plants

d)

Soil-supplied nutrients when in dry soils are of little or no benefit to the plant

39.

Good compost:

a)

consists primarily of decomposed or partially decomposed plant and animal residues

b)

improves heavy clay soils by binding soil particles together

c)

is a valuable mulching material for garden and landscape plants

d)

all answers are correct

40.

Soil compaction has the potential to

a)

increase the water content above a complicated subsurface layer

b)

increase the infiltration rate

c)

decrease runoff

d)

increase root growth

41.

To increase the probability of obtaining beneficial effects from sub-soiling, you should first

a)

determine that sub-soiling can effectively disrupt the compacted layer

b)

determine that a compaction problem actually exists

c)

avoid recompacting the soil loosened by the subsoiling operations

d)

verify that the compacted layer is within the depth disturbed by subsoiling

42.

Water is a gas vapor

a)

at 32 degrees F or less

b)

at 212 degrees F or more

c)

between 32 degrees F and 212 degrees F

d)

at 100 degrees F or more

43.

Which of these is a vital function of water?

a)

it is responsible for cell turgor.

b)

it functions as a coolant and temperature buffer

c)

it is necessary constituent of all living plant cells and tissues

d)

all answers are correct

44.

________water bonds to soil particles.

a)

hygroscopic

b)

capillary

c)

gravity

d)

all answers are correct

45.

Translocated water enables a plant to

a)

prevent transpiration

b)

eliminate stiffness in plant cells

c)

maintain the volume of the cytoplasm

d)

neutralize chemical reactions

46.

Which of these is NOT a factor controlling whether a crop ET is reduced below its potential rate?

a)

a. soil water temperature

b)

b. ability of soil to transmit water to plant roots

c)

c. soil water content

d)

d. actual evaporative demand

47.

Using the bank account analogy for matching irrigation and rainfall amounts to crop ET, which of these is the withdrawal from the account?

a)

rainfall

b)

irrigation

c)

ET

d)

soil

48.

Which of these is NOT one of the four basic methods of applying irrigation water ?

a)

furrow

b)

spritz

c)

sprinkler

d)

drip

49.

Sprinklers are found on:

a)

a. hand lines

b)

b. wheel lines

c)

c. center-pivots

d)

d. all of the above

50.

Which of these is a cool season crop?

a)

Cantaloupe

b)

Tomatoes

c)

Fescue

d)

Squash

51.

Which of these is a warm season crop?

a)

Watermelon

b)

Turnips

c)

Lettuce

d)

Rye

52.

What is the coldest zone on the USDA plant hardiness map?

a)

Zone 5

b)

Zone 1

c)

Zone 11

d)

Zone 15

53.

If the mean temperature is at or below Tbase, then the growing degree day value is:

a)

5

b)

3

c)

10

d)

0

54.

GDD information is often published by agricultural weathers services:

a)

in newsletters

b)

in newspaper

c)

on the internet

d)

all of the above

55.

__________temperatures can injure plants.

a)

both high and low

b)

neither high nor low

c)

high

d)

low

56.

Which of these is not accomplished through photosynthesis?

a)

oxygen is produced as a by-product

b)

light energy is transformed into chemical energy that can be stored in plants

c)

Nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere

d)

Carbon is fixed into a solid form

57.

Which of these is NOT a requirement for photosynthesis?

a)

an ample supply of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

b)

water from the soil or atmosphere

c)

light, usually from the sun

d)

a nitrogen-rich fertilizer

58.

Which of these is a photosynthate?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

59.

the Calvin Cycle occurs in the:

a)

Grana

b)

Stroma

c)

Xanthophyll

d)

All of the above

60.

Which of these factors does NOT significantly affect photosynthesis?

a)

Light duration

b)

Light Quality

c)

Temperature

d)

Oxygen Concentration

61.

Which is NOT one of the parts of the plant where new cells are formed?

a)

tips of stems and roots

b)

tips of flower petals

c)

cambium layer in stems and roots

d)

axils of leaves

62.

Modern cellular biology makes which assumption?

a)

A cell is the most elementary unit of life

b)

All cells have strong biochemical similarities

c)

Most cells are small

d)

all answers are correct

63.

Which of these is NOT one of the bases present in DNA?

a)

thymine

b)

guanine

c)

elanine

d)

adenine

64.

Gibberellins:

a)

Primarily control growth through cell enlargement

b)

Control cell elongation and division in plant shoots

c)

. Transport amino acids in plants

d)

All answers are correct

65.

Plant growth-promoting products are typically supposed to:

a)

promote germination

b)

Suppress early maturity

c)

Promote senescence

d)

Decrease stress tolerance

66.

Which of these is an example of a self pollinating plant?

a)

corn

b)

tomato

c)

pine  tree

d)

all answers

67.

Germination takes place with which type of seed only after the seed coat is weakened or broken because the seed coat is too strong for the embryo to break through on its own?

a)

pigweed

b)

apple

c)

alfalfa

d)

clover

68.

_________ cuttings will root at almost any season.

a)

Evergreen and Holly

b)

Boxwood and yew

c)

most herbaceous plants

d)

a few house plants

69.

For a _______cutting, a leaf from the stock plant is detached, and its veins are slit on the lower leaf surface.

a)

whole leave without petiole

b)

split vein

c)

leaf section

d)

whole leaf with petiole

70.

Which is the most commonly used budding technique?

a)

T-budding

b)

patch budding

c)

clamp budding

d)

chip budding

71.

With __________ layering, the stem is bent to the rooting medium, and stem sections are alternately covered and exposed.

a)

simple

b)

tip

c)

compound

d)

mound

72.

Which part of a plant can be taken as an explant?

a)

Shoot tips

b)

single pollen grains

c)

entire seeds

d)

all answers are 

73.

Applying lime to the soil:

a)

improves plant growth and crop yields

b)

sours the soil

c)

reduces the effectiveness of applied nitrogen

d)

decreases activity of microorganisms

74.

If a plant has 26 chromosomes, it has how many pairs of chromosomes in every cell nucleus?

a)

13

b)

14

c)

15

d)

16

75.

What is the 2nd step when artificially cross pollinating a plant that is normally self pollinating?

a)

preventing self pollination

b)

Collecting the hunting seed

c)

Pollinating the flower

d)

Collecting the pollen from the male parent

76.

DNA proteins are constructed from ______ different amino acid building blocks?

a)

30

b)

20

c)

40

d)

10

77.

Each nucleotide comprises a sugar component, a phosphate component, and which of these bases?

a)

Adenine

b)

Guanine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Either adenine, guanine, or cytosine

78.

Genetic engineering has been used to produce:

a)

Plants with resistance to some pesticides

b)

Existing antibiotics by more economical methods

c)

Pure human products, such as insulin

d)

all of the above

79.

Interferon

a)

Can be produced inexpensively

b)

Has been found to cause cancer

c)

Is ineffective against viruses

d)

Is only available in minute quantities

80.

Transgenic methods have been developed for:

a)

rice

b)

soybeans

c)

potatoes

d)

all answers are correct

81.

Compared with traditional methods, transgenic breeding is :

a)

less specific

b)

faster

c)

less flexible

d)

more costly

82.

Micropropagration techniques involve growing plants from:

a)

single cells small plants parts 

b)

small plant parts

c)

either single cells or small plant parts

d)

Neither single cells or plant parts

83.

The study of all nucleotide sequences is called:

a)

Illuvation

b)

Aeroponics

c)

Genomics

d)

Pedology

84.

Which of these is NOT one of the 3 main parts of a seed?

a)

Coir

b)

Embryo

c)

Endosperm

d)

Seed Coat

85.

When selecting a seed variety, you should consider:

a)

disease resistance

b)

plant height

c)

maturity

d)

all of the above

86.

Which of these is an important disease that affects spring wheat?

a)

smut

b)

tan spot

c)

ergot

d)

spot blotch

87.

Which of these is an example of an annual broadleaf?

a)

foxtail

b)

quackgrass

c)

wild buckwheat

d)

wild oats

88.

When planting oats, the seed should be planted:

a)

no more than 1 in

b)

at least 1 in

c)

no more than 2 in

d)

at least 2 in

89.

Which of these is NOT a rice producing state?

a)

Louisiana

b)

Texas

c)

California

d)

Vermont

90.

A rice cultivar that lasts 95 days between germination and harvesting is considered a(n) _________ cultivar.

a)

very early

b)

early

c)

intermediate

d)

late

91.

A rice field flood is maintained at _________ inches deep until the rice grain has matured and begins to dry out.

a)

1/2-1

b)

1/2-2

c)

2-4

d)

6-8

92.

What are the two types of rye?

a)

summer and fall

b)

fall and spring

c)

winter and summer

d)

spring and summer

93.

When growing sorghum, you should NOT:

a)

plant 8-12lbs of seeds per acre

b)

check on marketing arrangements

c)

harvest a grain combine

d)

plant one week before the date recommended for corn

94.

Compared to most wheat varieties, spelt:

a)

has moderately weak straw

b)

is short

c)

matures early

d)

all answers are correct

95.

Which of these countries is NOT a primary producer of tritcale?

a)

Poland

b)

China

c)

Austria

d)

France

96.

If large amounts of vegetation are tilled under in new fields being developed for wild rice, the area should be tilled ________ before planting.

a)

no more than 2 weeks

b)

at least a month

c)

no more than 6 months

d)

a year or more

97.

Buckwheat is suitable as a _________ crop.

a)

honey

b)

smother

c)

green manure

d)

all answers are correct

98.

Orchard grass:

a)

establishes slowly

b)

does not tolerate drought well

c)

is well suited for mixtures with tall legumes

d)

is very tolerant to floods in the winter

99.

Which of these types of insects most commonly attacks safflower?

a)

sunflower moths

b)

thrips

c)

grasshoppers

d)

corn maggots

100.

Bacterial blight occurs in safflower in ________ months.

a)

spring

b)

summer

c)

fall

d)

winter

101.

Which of these is one of the top five sunflower producing states?

a)

New York

b)

Minnesota

c)

Hawaii

d)

Virginia

102.

Vegetables grown to be sold at a roadside stand fall into which category of vegetable production?

a)

home gardening

b)

truck cropping

c)

market gardening

d)

roadside cropping

103.

Which of these is NOT one of the three categories of vegetables?

a)

esthetic appearance

b)

botanical classification

c)

edible parts

d)

growing season

104.

Vegetables are divided into three groups based on the part of the plant that is eaten. Which of these edible parts does NOT belong in the same group as the other three?

a)

flower parts

b)

stems

c)

roots

d)

leaves

105.

What is the first step in preparing a seed bed?

a)

applying commercial fertilizer

b)

liming

c)

plowing, tilling, or spading

d)

applying manure or compost

106.

If vegetables are to be transplanted as seedlings, they can be:

a)

hand set

b)

hand machine set

c)

machine set

d)

all of the above

107.

A ________ is a 3 pronged fork with a short wooden handle.

a)

hand cultivator

b)

hand weeder

c)

spade

d)

garden form

108.

When selecting a fruit or nut tree, the growers need to take _________ into consideration.

a)

root stock selection

b)

fertility

c)

climate

d)

all answers are correct

109.

Commercial growers use _______ to help reduce frost damage.

a)

air conditioners and fans

b)

irrigation sprinklers and heaters

c)

irrigation sprinklers and air conditioners

d)

Heated soil and fans

110.

Generally, a soil pH of _________ is required to produce high quality fruit and nuts.

a)

5.5-6.0

b)

2.5-3.0

c)

7.0-7.5

d)

8.5-9.0

111.

When selecting a site for fruit or nut trees, the growers should choose an area that:

a)

is perfectly flat

b)

has a very grainy texture

c)

has good air circulation

d)

has moderate sun exposure

112.

Newly planted trees are lost because:

a)

water is standing in the hole

b)

fertilizer is placed in the hole

c)

roots suffocate by too deep planting

d)

all of the above

113.

Sod that is tacked on pallets should be unstacked and laid within _______ hours after harvest.

a)

10

b)

72

c)

96

d)

168

114.

Preparation of the land for a new turfgrass site includes:

a)

land leveling

b)

installation of drainage and irrigation systems

c)

soil fumigation

d)

all of the above

115.

Which of these is NOT one of the soil groups in which sod is grown?

a)

gravel

b)

clay

c)

sands

d)

muck soils

116.

Muck soils:

a)

have poor water-holding capacity

b)

are typically high in potassium

c)

are the most desirable for sod production

d)

have greater bulk density than sandy or clay soils

117.

If overfertilized long-term with nitrogen, centipedegrass will:

a)

develop thatch

b)

experience extended winter survival

c)

root deeper

d)

develop spots

118.

Which mower is considered most desirable for mowing sod?

a)

rotary mower

b)

flail mower

c)

reel mower

d)

none of these

119.

What is the first thing you should do before laying sod?

a)

allow soil to settle

b)

soil test to determine deficiency

c)

identify a straight edge

d)

smooth the surface by rolling

120.

All fresh produce should be refrigerated within ________ hours of peeling, cutting, or cooking.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

121.

Leafy vegetables include

a)

lettuce

b)

cabbage

c)

brussels sprouts

d)

all of the above

122.

Stem vegetables include

a)

kohlrabi

b)

fennel

c)

asparagus

d)

all of the above

e)

none of the above

123.

Broccoli is a________ vegetable:

a)

floral

b)

stem

c)

lettuce

d)

leafy

124.

You should use soap or detergents when washing vegetables:

a)

true

b)

false

125.

Leftover cut or prepared floral, leafy, and stem vegetables should be discarded after _______ hours at room temperature.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

126.

How many farms are in Florida?

a)

45,000

b)

46,000

c)

47,000

d)

48,0000

127.

_________ fruit will not continue to ripen after harvest.

a)

non-climateric

b)

climacteric

128.

Tomatoes, avocados, peaches, and muskmelon are _________ fruits.

a)

climateric

b)

nonclimacteric

129.

The __________ rate is strongly related to perishability of different crops.

a)

photosynthesis

b)

respiration

c)

ethylene

d)

carbon dioxide

130.

_________ fruits will not ripen once picked and therefore must be allowed to ripen on the plant before harvested.

a)

nonclimacteric

b)

climacteric

131.

The ________ the temperature, the greater the respiration rate.

a)

higher

b)

lower

132.

High-ethylene producing crops like avocados should not be stored near other ethylene-sensitive crops like broccoli and celery.

a)

true

b)

false

133.

Q10 is the _________coefficeint.

a)

ethylene

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

temperature

d)

respiration

134.

Therefore, if the Q10 is 2.0 to 2.5, for every _______°C increase in temperature, the respiration rate will increase by a factor of 2.0 to 2.5, and the expected shelf life will be 50–60% shorter.

a)

20

b)

10

c)

30

d)

40

135.

Packaging serves what function:

a)

containment

b)

protection and preservation

c)

convenience

d)

all of the above

136.

Allow producers to store, handle, and transport a large amount of product with relative ease.

a)

Wooden wirebound containers

b)

corrugated fiberboard cartons

c)

bulk bins

d)

reusable plastic containers

137.

___________ is the process of rapidly removing heat from a product using chilled water.

a)

room cooling

b)

forced-air cooling

c)

hydrocooling

d)

contact icing

138.

_______ a one-piece container consisting of two halves; used to package strawberries, blueberries.

a)

fiberboard cartons

b)

reusable plastic containers

c)

insert trays

d)

clamshells

139.

Which of these is an example of a fixed cost?

a)

la

b)

land charge

c)

fertilizer

d)

repairs

140.

Some of the glucose manufactured during photosynthesis is converted into:

a)

Starch

b)

Cellulose

c)

Fats and oils

d)

all the answers are correct

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