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2022 Enlightenment and Government Test

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

According to Locke, life, liberty, and property are....

a)

natural rights

b)

social contract

c)

natural beauty

d)

popular sovereignty

2.

The idea that government power comes from the people.

a)

natural rights

b)

state of nature

c)

consent of the governed

d)

salons

3.

Enlightenment ideas influenced American colonists to challenge British authority.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

This document to King George III of England from the American colonists which explained their reason for revolution.

a)

Bill of Rights

b)

US Constitution

c)

Declaration of Independence

d)

Ten Commandments

5.

The intellectual movement focused on improving government and society using reason and thought.

a)

natural rights

b)

Scientific Revolution

c)

Enlightenment

d)

10 Commandments

6.

Which is NOT true about the legacy of the Enlightenment?

a)

destroyed freedom

b)

inspired the American Revolution

c)

questioned the church

d)

focused on individual rights

7.

What is one reason American colonists protested King George III & Parliament?

a)

unfair taxes

b)

too much representation

c)

not enough tea

d)

the British rejected US Constitution

8.
Who was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence?
a)
George Washington
b)
Thomas Jefferson
c)
John Adams
d)
Benjamin Franklin
9.

According to the Declaration of Independence, what are the three inalienable rights that all people have?

a)

Food, Shelter, and Clothing

b)

Life, Liberty and Speech

c)

Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness

10.

When did the Declaration of Independence officially take effect?

a)

September 11, 1789

b)

July 4, 1776

c)

June 25, 1778

d)

June 7, 1776

11.

According to Locke, Paine, and Jefferson who or what gives the government the ability to govern?

a)

The people

b)

Parliament

c)

Nobel blood

d)

A strong military

12.

What does the following phrase from the declaration of independence mean? "All men are endowed by their Creator with certain Inalienable Rights: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness"

a)

Only people of royal birth of rights given by God.

b)

Rights are NOT given to men by their government but men are born with natural rights

c)

The purpose of government is to protect the rights of the people

d)

If the government does not protect the rights of the people, it is the right of the people to change the government

13.
"It is the right of the people to alter or abolish (get rid of) a government that is not working" what did this mean?
a)
All WHITE men were created equal. The DOI didn't mention women or slaves.
b)
Rights are given to men by their government but are inherent and undeniable. Rights we are born with
c)
The purpose of government is to protect the rights of the people
d)
If the government does not protect the rights of the people, it is the right of the people to change the government
14.

Thomas Paine wrote what famous document, that persuaded the colonists to join the cause for independence?

a)

Common Sense

b)

Declaration of Independence

c)

US Constitution

d)

Olive Branch Petition

15.

Thomas Paine was...

a)

A supporter of the American Revolution

b)

Against the American Revolution

c)

Wrote propaganda against the American government

d)

Wrote propaganda for the British government

16.

·Common Sense was a pamphlet Thomas Paine published to distribute in the colonies to...

a)

explain to Britain why they should end the quartering act

b)

influence more people to join the independence movement.

c)

to join the Loyalist party

d)

abide by the Intolerable acts

17.

True or false: Paine believed wanting freedom was not enough.

a)

True

b)

False

18.

Who proposed independence to the Continental Congress on June 7, 1776?

a)

Henry Lee

b)

George Washington

c)

Ben Franklin

d)

King George III

19.

Who was the ruler of England during the American Revolution?

a)

Louis XiV

b)

George Washington

c)

Elizabeth II

d)

King George III

20.

Before declaring their independence, American colonists initially wanted the British king and parliament to recognize what?

a)

Their rights as Englishmen.

b)

Their right to drink coffee.

c)

Their right to be Muslim.

d)

Their right to one free ship travel to England.

e)

Their right to rule themselves as a separate nation.

21.

This event illustrated the colonists displeasure with unfair British policies.

a)

Boston Tea Party

b)

Concord Coffee Congress

c)

New Albany Act

d)

The Gettysburg Address

e)

The Day That Will Live in Infamy

22.
Which enlightenment thinker believed that a government is needed to keep order?
a)
Voltaire
b)
Hobbes
c)
Rousseau
d)
Beccaria
23.
Who believed the government should protect a person's three natural rights: life, liberty, and property?
a)
Rousseau
b)
Beccaria
c)
Wollstonecraft
d)
Locke
24.

Who believed in a separation of powers as a way to provide checks and balances?

a)

Montesquieu

b)

Rousseau

c)

Hobbes

d)

Voltaire

25.
Thomas Hobbes believed that all humans are _______________.
a)
pure and innocent
b)
selfish and wicked
26.

Who believed there should be a separation of church and state and was a strong supporter of freedom of speech?

a)

Voltaire

b)

Rousseau

c)

Smith

d)

Hobbes

27.
The beliefs of the enlightenment thinkers led to a revolution in France in __________.
a)
1689
b)
1789
c)
1725
d)
1559
28.

The beliefs of the Enlightenment Thinkers led to the American revolution in __________.

a)

1789

b)

1776

c)

1725

d)

1859

29.

A social contract

a)

is for the king to form a community to protect themselves.

b)

is for the people in a community to agree to form a government to protect themselves and their rights

c)

is an agreement which the people give up all rights

30.

Locke believed that people enjoyed three basic rights under natural law:

a)

life, liberty, and property

b)

life, liberty, and the pursuit of hapinness

c)

life, liberty, and privacy

d)

life, liberty, and people

31.

According to Locke, If the king breaks his promise to respect the rights of his individual subjects....

a)

they have the right to rename the country

b)

must continue to follow their king

c)

they have the right to leave the country

d)

they have the right to rebel against his authority and form a new government

32.

As part of Locke’s social contract, the community gives its powers to a ruler whom it promises to obey if the ruler protects their rights.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

Montesquieu believed in

a)

Life, Liberty and Property

b)

LIfe is nasty brutish and short

c)

Separation of Powers

d)

Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness

34.
 Montesquieu believed that by dividing the powers of government no one branch would become too strong and threaten people’s rights.
a)
True 
b)
False 
35.

A "Social Contract" is an agreement between a ruler and whom?

a)

Monarchy

b)

Dictator

c)

Citizens

d)

Aliens

36.

This man wrote the book titled Leviathan

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbes

37.

John Locke talked about the "Tabula Rasa" which mean everybody is born with this?

a)

Blank Slate

b)

Problems

c)

King Red

d)

Full Slate

38.

John Locke believed people have what type of rights?

a)

No Rights

b)

Freedom Rights

c)

Natural Rights

d)

Unnatural Rights

39.

According to John Locke what must the government do with people's rights?

a)

Get rid of them

b)

Protect Them

c)

Get Over them

40.

John Locke inspired the writing of this important document by Thomas Jefferson

a)

US Constitution

b)

The Magna Carta

c)

The Declaration of Independence

d)

English Bill of Rights

41.
Laissez-faire means...
a)
natural rights
b)
iron law of wages
c)
let it happen
d)
tabula rasa
42.
Who developed laissez-faire economics as a en economic philosophy? 
a)
Adam Smith
b)
Karl Marx
c)
John Locke
d)
Louis XVI
43.
Adam Smith attacked this economic theory that meant one's power was based on one's wealth...
a)
Capitalism
b)
Socialism
c)
Mercantilism
d)
Communism 
44.
Smith believed that the economy operated according to three natural laws involving this concept...
a)
self-interest
b)
compassion
c)
citizenship
d)
trustworthiness 
45.

Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations stressed the importance of

a)

tradition

b)

supply and demand

c)

government ownership

46.

According to Hobbes, If the king breaks his promise to respect the rights of his individual subjects....

a)

they have the right to rename the country

b)

must continue to follow their king

c)

they have the right to leave the country

d)

they have the right to rebel against his authority and form a new government

47.

This man wrote the book titled Candide.

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbs

48.

This man wrote the book titled Two Treatises of Government.

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbes

49.

Who wrote Spirit of the Laws and favored division of powers in government?

a)

Montesquieu

b)

Rousseau

c)

Hobbes

d)

Voltaire

50.

Who said: "I don't believe in a word you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say."

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbes

51.

Who said: "Government has no other end, but the preservation of property."

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbs

52.

Who said: "Man is born free but everywhere is in chains."

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbes

53.

His concept of the "Common Good" has been misused by governments to oppress their people.

a)

Voltaire

b)

John Locke

c)

Jean Jaque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbes

54.

His concept of separation of powers inspired the three branches of government found in the US Constitution.

a)

Voltaire

b)

Baron De Montesquieu

c)

Jean Jacque Rousseau

d)

Thomas Hobbes

55.

Enlightenment thinkers believed that man was in this state before entering into a social contract.

a)

Nature

b)

Oppression

c)

Nevada

d)

Love

56.

John Lock believed that natural rights came from what?

a)

nature

b)

the government

c)

social contracts

d)

greed

57.

Type of government with a hereditary leader who is usually a king or queen.

a)

Democracy

b)

Republic

c)

Monarchy

58.

Type of government in which the citizens make the decisions.

a)

Democracy

b)

Republic

c)

Monarchy

59.

Hobbes or Locke: Man is driven by greed.

a)

Hobbes

b)

Locke

60.

Hobbes or Locke: Citizens sacrifice their rights for protection and can't leave the social contract.

a)

Hobbes

b)

Locke

61.

Hobbes or Locke: Believed people were basically good.

a)

Hobbes

b)

Locke

62.

Hobbes or Locke: People have the right and duty to change a government that doesn't protect their rights.

a)

Hobbes

b)

Locke

63.

Jefferson borrowed and altered Locke's ideas in the Declaration of Independence when he said that our basic inalienable rights are "Life, Liberty, and -------"

a)

pursuit of wealth

b)

pursuit of property

c)

pursuit of happiness

64.

True or False: Government gives us our rights.

a)

True

b)

False

65.

True or False: The goal of the social contract is to have no government.

a)

True

b)

False

66.

True or False: The French and American Revolutions were based on ideals from the Enlightenment.

a)

True

b)

False

67.

True or False: Adam Smith believed mercantilism was a good economic system.

a)

True

b)

False

68.

True or False: The American Revolution started in 1789.

a)

True

b)

False

69.

Which two philosophers were strong supporters of monarchy?

a)

Voltaire

b)

Rousseau

c)

Smith

d)

Hobbes

e)

Locke

70.

The Enlightenment Era was primarily during which century?

a)

14th

b)

16th

c)

19th

d)

20th

71.

What was the major writing by Rousseau about society and government?

a)

Two Treatises of Government

b)

Wealth of Nations

c)

Leviathan

d)

Candide

e)

Social Contract

72.

Which Enlightenment philosopher was a supporter of direct democracy?

a)

Voltaire

b)

Rousseau

c)

Hobbes