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OVERVIEW OF FERMENTATION

Total questions: 124

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How many baffles that are present inside of an agitated vessel

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

2.

Which types of agitators used in industrial-scale bioreactors

a)

Disc Turbine

b)

Vaned disc

c)

Variable Pitch open turbine

d)

All of the above

3.

Which one of the following an important environmental factor required for fermenter

a)

Temperature

b)

Optimum pH

c)

Agitation

d)

All of the above

4.

Fermenter or bioreactor refers to a device that provides all the basic necessities important for

a)

Biological product extraction

b)

Cell development

c)

Media development

d)

Growth

5.

What is the type of this fermentation process?

a)

Batch fermentation process

b)

Fed-batch of fermentation process

c)

Chemostat

d)

Recylce process

6.

This is used to promote aeration in bioreactor

a)

Impeller

b)

condenser

c)

antifoam

d)

sparger

7.

Which are the advantages of solid-state fermentation?

a)

Low capital cost

b)

risk of contamination low

c)

simple technology

d)

difficult to scale up

8.

...................is best suited for fungi that required less moisture content.

a)

Batch

b)

Continuous

c)

Fed Batch

d)

Solid state

9.

The process carried out by yeast that causes bread to rise is

a)

lactic acid fermentation

b)

cellular respiration

c)

alcoholic fermentation

d)

yeast mitosis

10.
Which phase of bacteria growth is being referred to? Bacteria are multiplying rapidly
a)
Lag
b)
Log
c)
Stationary
d)
Decline
11.
Which of the following is not required for bacteria to grow
a)
Water
b)
Warm temperature
c)
Oxygen
d)
Light
12.
Fermentation is:
a)
Cellular Respiration 
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Aerobic
d)
Anaerobic
13.
A bioreactor is:
a)
a reaction between two biological organisms
b)
a chamber where vampires sleep during the day
c)
a laboratory room for biologists
d)
a container used for bioprocessing; there are several types
14.
What chemical activity uses microorganisms to decompose biomass materials?____________________________________
a)
Fermentation
b)
Mutation
c)
Phenotypes
d)
Hybrid
15.
_______ can be killed with antibiotics.
a)
fungi
b)
virus
c)
bacteria
d)
rickettsiae
16.
Anaerobic grows in O2
a)
true
b)
false
17.
What is bioreactor?
a)
A large receptacle or storage chamber, especially for liquid or gas.
b)
An apparatus used for biochemical reaction or process in industrial to produce biological product
c)
Vessels designed to contain chemical reaction
d)
 Essential item used in distillation of liquid mixtures so as to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities.
18.
What is the type of the bioreactor shown in the figure?
a)
Bubble driven bioreactor
b)
Fluidized bed bioreactor
c)
Stirred tank bioreactor
d)
Packed bed bioreactor
19.
What are the bioreactor operational modes?
a)
Batch and continuous
b)
Batch and fed batch
c)
Batch, continuous and fed batch
d)
Batch, continuous, fed batch and chemostat
20.
Which type of bioreactor mode is more efficient?
a)
Batch
b)
Continuous
c)
Fed-batch
d)
Semi-continuous
21.
What type of bioreactor mode is more common?
a)
Batch
b)
Continuous 
c)
Fed-batch
d)
Semi-continuous
22.
Which is/are the advantage(s) of fed-batch operation?
a)
Fed-batch reactor can maintain low limiting substrate concentration
b)
Genetic stability
c)
Low operational cost
d)
All of the above
23.
Agitation system consist of ...
a)
Agitator
b)
Baffle
c)
Mechanical seal
d)
All of the above
24.
What is the flow pattern of the impeller shown in the figure?
a)
Rotational flow
b)
Radial flow
c)
Axial flow
d)
Laminar flow
25.
Increasing the aeration rate and stirrer speed will increase the foaming problem. The statement given is 
a)
True
b)
False
26.
Process parameters such as temperature, DO concentration and foam level are measured within proximity while the bioreator is working. The description above is about
a)
Off-line control
b)
On-line control
c)
Foam level control
d)
Temperature control
27.

Scale up is a transfer of process from lab scale to industrial scale

a)

True

b)

False

28.

What is the important components in bioprocess

a)

fermenter

b)

mass transfer

c)

microorganism

d)

All the above

29.

Check the two parts of strategy for bio-process scale up from the below options

a)

process flow rate

b)

process intensity

c)

process performance

d)

process competitiveness

30.

What are the two types of bio-process?

a)

Fermentation

b)

Clinical

c)

Bio-catalysis

d)

Industrial

31.

Which of the following is upstream processing?

a)

Product recovery

b)

Product purification

c)

Media formulation

d)

Cell lysis

32.

When was the scientific basis of fermentation was discovered?

a)

Middle of century

b)

Early 20th century

c)

19th century

d)

Before 19th century

33.

The production of the ________ was developed during the WW2 through bioprocessing.

a)

antidote

b)

anaerobic

c)

antibiotic

d)

antivirus

34.

Who developed the fermenters for industrial-scale production of Penicillin during the WW2?

a)

Chemists

b)

Biologists

c)

Scientists

d)

Engineers

35.

Bioprocess engineering progress involving genetic manipulation's development first occurred...

a)

before mid-century

b)

at early mid-century

c)

during mid-century

d)

after mid-century

36.

Based on the following, which is the correct chronology of events in the history of bioprocess engineering development?


i. Large-scale wastewater treatment

ii. Basis of fermentation process

iii. Genetic Engineering

iv. Brewing

v. Large-scale fermentation of antibiotic

a)

iv, ii, v, iii and i

b)

ii, v, iii, i, and iv

c)

iv, iii, i, ii and iv

d)

iv, ii, i, v and iii

37.

Technique that enables the growth of only desired microbe in large quantities for manufacture of antibiotics

(a)  

38.

What is the important components in bioprocess

a)

fermenter

b)

mass transfer

c)

microorganism

d)

All the above

39.

This is used to promote aeration in bioreactor

a)

impeller

b)

condenser

c)

antifoam

d)

sparger

40.

...........is best suited for fungi that required less moisture content.

a)

batch

b)

fed-batch

c)

continuous

d)

solid state

41.

Which are the solid state bioreactors?

a)

Stirred tank bioreactor

b)

Tray fermenter

c)

Rotating drum fermenter

d)

Air lift bioreactor

42.

Which are the advantages of solid-state fermentation?

a)

Low capital cost

b)

risk of contamination low

c)

simple technology

d)

easy to scale up

43.

Centrifugation is depended on.....

a)

size particle

b)

medium viscosity

c)

medium temperature

44.

Which is NOT the methodology of removal in-solubles?

a)

Centrifugation

b)

Filtration

c)

Ultrafiltration

d)

sedimentation

45.

Which Centrifuge has highest centrifugal force?

a)

Tubular

b)

Disc stack

c)

Screw decanter

d)

Multichamber bowl

46.

Which is NOT mechanical cell disruption method?

a)

homogenization

b)

autolysis

c)

osmosis shock

d)

sonication

47.
Fermentation is:
a)
Cellular Respiration 
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Aerobic
d)
Anaerobic
48.

What are the waste products from fermentation? (Choose all that apply)

a)

starch

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

glucose

d)

alcohol

49.

All fermentation produces some amount of alcohol.

a)

true

b)

false

50.
Why is yeast used to bake bread? 
a)
The waste gas, CO2, makes bread rise
b)
The alcohol produced makes bread dangerous
c)
The yeast consumes O2, causing bread to rise
51.
What is a disadvantage of fermentation as a process? 
a)
It produces too much ATP
b)
It only produces 2 ATP
c)
It occurs in the absence of oxygen
d)
It is only for quick bursts of energy
52.

In food industries, several types of fungi and bacteria are forced into ___________ environments in order to transform milk into cheese and yogurt, soybeans into soy sauce, and cabbage into sauerkraut.

a)

anaerobic

b)

aerobic

53.

If you exercise for a certain amount of time, your muscles must regenerate ATP. Normally, they do this using cellular respiration in the mitochondria using oxygen. But when you sprint, your lungs can’t get enough oxygen to your cells fast enough. That’s when _____________ - making ATP without oxygen - takes place.

a)

fermentation

b)

photosynthesis

c)

digestion

54.

Fermentation in muscle cells produces a waste product called ____________. The buildup of this product makes you feel fatigue and soreness.

a)

glucose

b)

ethanol

c)

lactic acid

55.

Fermentation occurs in

a)

cytoplasm

b)

mitochondrion

c)

cytoplasm and mitochondrion

56.
What cells in the body may undergo lactic acid fermentation during exercise? 
a)
Muscle cells
b)
Fat cells
c)
Liver cells
d)
Skin cells
57.
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in your muscles after a workout because your cells are struggling to get
a)
Glucose
b)
Sunlight
c)
Oxygen
d)
Water
58.

What do we call a concentrated number of microorganisms used to start fermentation?

a)

Bacterial inoculation

b)

Starter culture

c)

Ferment starter

d)

Acidification starter

59.

What is produced by lactobacillus acidophilus and some other bacteria to turn milk into yogurt?

a)

Ethanol

b)

Acetic Acid

c)

Propionic Acid

d)

Lactic Acid

60.

Select all of the following that are used to control fermentation.

a)

water

b)

pH

c)

temperature

d)

salt

61.

What type of pH slows or stops fermentation?

a)

Acidic (<7)

b)

Basic (>7)

c)

Neutral

62.

Select the following dairy products that are made via fermentation.

a)

Butter

b)

Cheese

c)

Sour Cream

d)

Whipping Cream

63.

Which product is made from pickling?

a)

Yogurt

b)

Salami

c)

Pickles

d)

Sauerkraut

64.
Which molecule isn't an energy carrier?
a)
FADH2
b)
NADH
c)
oxygen
d)
ATP
65.
Glycolysis results in a net gain of how many ATP?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
4
d)
1
66.

What type of fermentation occurs in most organisms, including animals?

a)

Aerobic

b)

Alcoholic

c)

Citric Acid

d)

Lactic Acid

67.
In genetic modification science, plasmids and viruses are examples of...
a)
Pathogens
b)
Useful genes
c)
Vectors
d)
Gene transporters
68.
What does the word unison mean?
a)
all together
b)
bring together 
c)
everything in one place
d)
one cell
69.

What is the type of this fermentation process?

a)

Batch fermentation process

b)

Fed-batch of fermentation process

c)

Chemostat

d)

Recylce process

70.

This is used to promote aeration in bioreactor

a)

Impeller

b)

condenser

c)

antifoam

d)

sparger

71.

Which are the advantages of solid-state fermentation?

a)

Low capital cost

b)

risk of contamination low

c)

simple technology

d)

difficult to scale up

72.
A bioreactor is:
a)
a reaction between two biological organisms
b)
a chamber where vampires sleep during the day
c)
a laboratory room for biologists
d)
a container used for bioprocessing; there are several types
73.

What is the basic function of the fermenter?

a)

To sterilize the medium

b)

To recover the product

c)

To provide optimum growth conditions to organisms and obtain the desired product

d)

To purify the product

74.

Which of the following material is preferable for construction of small-scale fermenter?

a)

Quartz

b)

Glass

c)

Iron steel

d)

Wood

75.

Which of the following institute grades the steel?

a)

TATA

b)

AISI

c)

JSW

d)

SAIL

76.

Which of the following sensor penetrates into the fermenter?

a)

Tachometers

b)

pH electrodes

c)

Exhaust-gas analyzers

d)

Load cells

77.

Which of the following sensor is used to measure the change in flow rate?

a)

Temperature

b)

Weight

c)

Medium analysis

d)

Exit-gas analysis

78.

The heat control at large-scale in the fermenter is carried out by _________

a)

Inter heating coils

b)

Heating jacket

c)

Controlled bath

d)

Cold-water circulation

79.

The resistance _________ with increase in temperature.

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

c)

Becomes constant

d)

Becomes zero

80.

Which of the following is made up of mixtures of pure oxides of iron and nickel?

a)

Thermistors

b)

Mercury thermometers

c)

Radiation thermometers

d)

Metallic thermometers

81.

Which of the following devices is not used for pressure measurement?

a)

Diaphragm gauge

b)

Pressure bellows

c)

Strain gauge

d)

Dynamometer

82.

The probe signal of  O2O_2   is determined by the equation ____________

a)

 P(O2)=C(O2)∗TPP(O_2)=C(O_2)*T_P  

b)

 P(O2)=C(O2)∗PTP(O_2)=C(O_2)*P_T  

c)

 P(O2)=C(O2)/PTP(O_2)=C(O_2)/P_T  

d)

 P(O2)=C(O2)+PTP(O_2)=C(O_2)+P_T  

83.

Which of the following acts as the anode in the galvanic electrode?

a)

Silver

b)

Magnesium

c)

Lead

d)

Platinum

84.

Which of the following is not used for monitoring the pH?

a)

Glass electrode

b)

Galvanic electrode

c)

Silver electrode

d)

Combined electrode

85.

Which of the following is not the component of aeration and agitation system?

a)

Impeller

b)

Baffles

c)

Stirrer gland and bearing

d)

Thermometer

86.

Which of the following agitator consists of vanes in a vertical plane around the circumference?

a)

vaned discs

b)

disc turbines

c)

variable pitch turbines

d)

marine propeller

87.

The Aeration is mainly provided to organisms present in _______

a)

Submerged culture

b)

Solid State culture

c)

Surface culture

d)

Batch culture

88.

Which of the following is not the use of baffles?

a)

Improve aeration efficiency

b)

Increase the effect of agitation

c)

Improve cooling capacity

d)

Improve the fermenter capacity

89.

Which of the following sparger is made of ceramic or metals?

a)

Porous sparger

b)

Orifice sparger

c)

Nozzle sparger

d)

Combined sparger-agitator

90.

The agitator is required to _________

a)

Provide air

b)

Mixing objectives

c)

Purify the product

d)

Sterilize the media

91.

The AISI grade 316 contains _______ amount of chromium.

a)

15 %

b)

18 %

c)

20 %

d)

18.5 %

92.

This is used to promote aeration in bioreactor

a)

impeller

b)

condenser

c)

antifoam

d)

sparger

93.

...........is best suited for fungi that required less moisture content.

a)

batch

b)

fed-batch

c)

continuous

d)

solid state

94.

Which are the solid state bioreactors?

a)

Stirred tank bioreactor

b)

Tray fermenter

c)

Rotating drum fermenter

d)

Air lift bioreactor

95.

Which are the advantages of solid-state fermentation?

a)

Low capital cost

b)

risk of contamination low

c)

simple technology

d)

easy to scale up

96.

Centrifugation is depended on.....

a)

size particle

b)

medium viscosity

c)

medium temperature

97.

Which is NOT the methodology of removal in-solubles?

a)

Centrifugation

b)

Filtration

c)

Ultrafiltration

d)

sedimentation

98.

Which Centrifuge has highest centrifugal force?

a)

Tubular

b)

Disc stack

c)

Screw decanter

d)

Multichamber bowl

99.

Which is NOT mechanical cell disruption method?

a)

homogenization

b)

autolysis

c)

osmosis shock

d)

sonication

100.
The Lag phase of bacterial growth is characterised by … in numbers.
a)
a minor increase
b)
a sharp increase
c)
no increase
d)
a drop
101.
A bioreactor is:
a)
a reaction between two biological organisms
b)
a chamber where vampires sleep during the day
c)
a laboratory room for biologists
d)
a container used for bioprocessing; there are several types
102.
In biology, to "culture" or a "culture" is:
a)
the growth of living organisms in a prepared media / artificially controlled environment
b)
the total hereditary material of a cell
c)
use microorganisms to decompose materials
d)
using a protein to accelerate biochemical reactions
103.
What is bioreactor?
a)
A large receptacle or storage chamber, especially for liquid or gas.
b)
An apparatus used for biochemical reaction or process in industrial to produce biological product
c)
Vessels designed to contain chemical reaction
d)
 Essential item used in distillation of liquid mixtures so as to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities.
104.
What type of bioreactor mode is more common?
a)
Batch
b)
Continuous 
c)
Fed-batch
d)
Semi-continuous
105.
Which is/are the advantage(s) of fed-batch operation?
a)
Fed-batch reactor can maintain low limiting substrate concentration
b)
Genetic stability
c)
Low operational cost
d)
All of the above
106.
Agitation system consist of ...
a)
Agitator
b)
Baffle
c)
Mechanical seal
d)
All of the above
107.

From the growth cycle graph, which is the stationary phase?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

108.

From the growth cycle graph, which is the exponential phase?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

109.

From the growth cycle graph, which is the lag phase?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

110.

Identify the correct sequence during the industrial production of substances.

a)

Inoculation, screening, fermentation, downstream processing, removal of waste

b)

Screening, Inoculation, fermentation, downstream processing, removal of waste

c)

Fermentation, screening, inoculation, removal of waste, downstream processing

d)

Fermentation, inoculation, inoculation, removal of waste, downstream processing

111.

Which of the following is an upstream process.

a)

Product recovery

b)

Product purification

c)

Media formulation

d)

Cell lysis

112.

If all properties of a system, such as temperature, pressure, concentration, volume, mass, etc. do not vary with time, the process is said to be

a)

Adiabatic

b)

Steady

c)

Unsteady

d)

Continous

113.

Which processes can operate under steady-state conditions.

a)

Batch

b)

Fed batch

c)

Semi Fed batch

d)

Continous

114.

In Batch Reactor volume(v) is constant

a)

True

b)

False

115.

The term Residence time generally used in

a)

CSTR

b)

Batch operation

c)

Product operation

d)

Fed-batch process

116.

Fermenter or bioreactor refers to a device that provides all the basic necessities important for

a)

Biological product extraction

b)

Cell development

c)

Media development

d)

Growth

117.

Which one of the following an important environmental factor required for fermenter

a)

Temperature

b)

Optimum pH

c)

Agitation

d)

All of the above

118.

Which types of agitators used in industrial-scale bioreactors

a)

Disc Turbine

b)

Vaned disc

c)

Variable Pitch open turbine

d)

All of the above

119.

How many baffles that are present inside of an agitated vessel

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

120.

A sparger is a device that introduces ............into the liquid medium in a fermenter

a)

Air

b)

Temperature

c)

Humidity

d)

Agitation

121.

Air-lift bioreactors contains

a)

Sparger

b)

Baffles

c)

Draft tube

d)

All of the above

122.

Which one of the following types are Airlift fermenter

a)

Concentric draft tube Airlift fermenter

b)

Tower loop Airlift fermenter

c)

ICI deep shaft Airlift fermenter

d)

All of the above

123.

Internal-loop airlift bioreactor creates

a)

Interior liquid circulation channels

b)

Exterior liquid circulation channels

c)

Centralized liquid circulation channels

d)

Bottom liquid circulation channels

124.

Airlift Fermenter with inner loop used for

a)

Stock culture

b)

Batch culture

c)

Continuous culture

d)

All of the above

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