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WorksheetsIB BIO 1.1-1.3 Review
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 28mins
Why do multicellular organisms have emergent properties?
They have more genes than unicellular organisms.
Properties of unicellular organisms are enhanced by having many cells.
All of their genes are expressed whereas unicellular organisms express only some.
They show properties that can only result from the interaction of many cells.
How are villi, alveoli and nephrons similar?
They are internal organs.
They have a role in excretion.
They secrete hormones.
They provide large surface areas for molecular exchange.
When compared to other body cells, which characteristic of stem cells is the most important for therapeutic uses?
Less differentiation
Less excretion
Lower rate of reproduction
Lower rate of metabolism
What happens to the cell surface area to volume ratio as a cell grows?
It decreases, so rate of gas exchange is too low.
It increases, so mineral ion absorption is increased.
It increases, so osmosis is reduced.
It decreases, so production of waste material is reduced.
Which functions of life are carried out by all unicellular organisms?
Response, homeostasis, growth and photosynthesis
Metabolism, ventilation, reproduction and nutrition
Response, homeostasis, metabolism and growth
Reproduction, ventilation, response and nutrition
The giant alga Acetabularia has a feature that suggests it is an exception to the cell theory. What feature is this?
It lacks a nucleus.
It lacks a cell wall.
It lacks subdivision into separate cells.
It has only one mitochondrion.
Which feature of striated muscle cells allows them to be considered as a possible exception to the cell theory?
A. They are found in multicellular organisms.
B. They contain more than one nucleus.
C. They are specialized for movement.
D. They do not carry out mitosis.
Which feature of striated muscle cells allows them to be considered as a possible exception to the cell theory?
They are found in multicellular organisms.
They contain more than one nucleus.
They are specialized for movement.
They do not carry out mitosis.
What is the structure labeled X in the electron micrograph of a rat liver cell?
Ribosome
Lysosome
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Which substance is used for structure in plants?
Cellulose
Amylopectin
Collagen
Starch
Which organism has DNA located in three organelles?
A sponge
A bacterium
A flatworm
A fern
Which features do the two structures labelled X and Y have in common?
They are surrounded by a double membrane.
They contain 70S ribosomes.
They contain naked DNA.
They are only found in leaf cells.
What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?
A
B
C
D
What is an example of binary fission?
Cell division in prokaryotes
Production of haploid gametes
Separation of chromatids in prokaryotic cells
Replication of prokaryotic DNA occurring simultaneously in two directions
What evidence from the image of Paramecium indicates whether the organism is a prokaryote or a eukaryote?
Compartments in the cell indicate that it is a eukaryote.
No nucleus indicates that the cell is a prokaryote.
Lack of a cell wall indicates that the cell is a eukaryote.
It is a unicellular organism, so it must be a prokaryote.
What is the name of the structure labelled X?
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Chloroplast
What is a function of the plant cell wall?
Formation of vesicles for transport of large molecules
Prevention of excessive water uptake
Communication with other cells by means of glycoproteins
Active transport of ions
Chlorella and Paramecium are both unicellular eukaryotic organisms living in freshwater. Chlorella is photosynthetic and has a cell wall. Which organelle will be found in Paramecium but not in Chlorella?
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Contractile vacuole
Where could genes be located in a prokaryotic cell?
A
B
C
D
Which function is accomplished by structures X and Y in the Paramecium?
X - digestion Y- homeostasis
X - feeding Y- Metabolism
X - food storage Y- Movement
X - DNA Replication Y- Respiration
Which structures are found only in prokaryotic cells?
Ribosomes
Cell walls
Pili
Flagella
What is the function of structure X?
Attachment
Active transport
Binary fission
Cell respiration
Which organelle is involved in generating vesicles destined for the cell membrane?
Golgi apparatus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosome
What is a reason for the differences between the two micrographs?
The lower image has a higher magnification.
The lower image has greater resolution.
A nucleus can only be seen in the upper image.
The upper image is an electron micrograph.
Which molecule is labelled X?
Cholesterol
Glycoprotein
Phospholipid
Amylase
The cell membrane model proposed by Davson–Danielli was a phospholipid bilayer sandwiched between two layers of globular protein. Which evidence led to the acceptance of the Singer–Nicolson model?
The orientation of the hydrophilic phospholipid heads towards the proteins
The formation of a hydrophobic region on the surface of the membrane
The placement of integral and peripheral proteins in the membrane
The interactions due to amphipathic properties of phospholipids
What is a role of cholesterol in animal cells?
It increases body fat.
It lines the inner wall of capillaries.
gives membranes fluidity
It is a constituent of bile.
Which evidence falsifies the Davson–Danielli model?
I. The presence of globular proteins within the phospholipid bilayer
II. Non-polar amino acids cause proteins to remain embedded in membranes
III. Membrane proteins remain in a fixed position inside a membrane
I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II and III
In the diagram, which structure is an intrinsic or integral protein?
A
B
C
D
What part of the plasma membrane is fluid, allowing the movement of proteins in accordance with the fluid mosaic model?
A
B
C
D
Which molecule regulates the fluidity of cell membranes?
A. Cholesterol
B. Phospholipid
C. Glycoprotein
D. Peripheral protein
Which is an essential feature of the Davson–Danielli model of membrane structure?
A phospholipid monolayer with intrinsic and extrinsic proteins
A layer of protein sandwiched between two layers of lipid
A phospholipid bilayer with intrinsic and extrinsic proteins
A layer of lipid sandwiched between two layers of protein
What feature distinguishes striated muscle fibres from the three cell types shown in the images?
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleoid regions
C. Multinucleate structure
D. Membrane-bound organelles
Which organelle provides evidence that eukaryotic cells originated when large prokaryotes engulfed small free-living prokaryotes?
A. Chloroplast
B. Nucleoid
C. 80S ribosome
D. Vacuole
What function is performed by the part of the cell shown in the electron micrograph?
A. Locomotion
B. Synthesis of proteins
C. Movement of chromosomes
D. Breakdown of cellular organelles
What is a reason for the differences between the two micrographs?
A. The lower image has a higher magnification
B. The lower image has greater resolution
C. A nucleus can only be seen in the upper image
D. The upper image is an electron micrograph.
Stargardt’s disease, a genetic disorder that causes vision loss, is being treated using retinal cells derived from human embryonic stem cells. Why are embryonic stem cells used?
A. They are already specialized for this function.
B. They are able to differentiate into the required cell
C. They retain stem cell properties after specialization.
D. There are no ethical issues concerning their use.
If cells of a multicellular organism have the same genes, how can there be many different cell types in a body?
A. Some genes but not others are expressed in each cell type.
B. Cells lose some genes as development occurs.
C. Genes do not determine the structure of a cell.
D. Cells must practice division of labour in order to survive.
Which method provides biochemical evidence that cells have begun to differentiate?
A. Observation with a light microscope
B. Observation with an electron microscope
C. Examination of the DNA sequence
D. Analysis of the proteins
Which graph represents the change in cell surface area to volume ratio with increasing cell diameter?
A
B
C
D
What feature of both striated muscle and aseptate fungal hyphae is different from typical cell structure?
A. They have multiple nuclei within a structural unit.
B. They have a cell wall that is not made of cellulose.
C. They have plasmids.
D. They have an absence of cholesterol in the plasma membrane.
Which substance is used for structure in plants?
A. Amylopectin
B. Cellulose
C. Collagen
D. Starch
In mammals, mature red blood cells are specialized in that they lack nuclei, mitochondria or ribosomes. Which statement applies to red blood cells?
A. No chemical reactions take place within their cytoplasm
B. They cannot produce new enzymes
C. Materials cannot enter red blood cells.
D. Materials cannot exit red blood cells.
The image shows an electron micrograph of virus particles known to infect the bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which is associated with gastroenteritis, wound infections and septicemia in humans and animals.
What does a virus have in common with a living cell?
A. 70S ribosomes
B. Genetic material
C. Reproduction by binary fission
D. Anaerobic respiration
The electron micrograph shows part of a cell. Which organelle is the site of aerobic respiration?
A
B
C
D
The image shows a phagocytic white blood cell as seen with a transmission electron microscope.
Which features can be found both within this cell and in a photosynthetic bacterium?
A. Chloroplasts
B. Multiple nuclei
C. 70S ribosomes
D. Lysosomes
What distinguishes prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
A
B
C
D
What is the role of the vesicles shown in the micrograph?
A. To transport hormones between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus
B. To store glycogen when blood glucose levels are high
C. To move enzymes out of the cell by exocytos
D. To digest cellulose
I- Cell Membrane
II- Vesicle
I - Cell Wall
II - Chloroplast
I - Cell Membrane
II - Mitochondria
I - Cell Wall
II - Mitochondria
The image shows part of a mammalian cell.
What is the specialized function of this mammalian cell?
A. Locomotion
B. Absorption
C. Reception of stimuli
D. Gas exchange
Which statement applies to cholesterol?
A. It is hydrophobic and found on the outside of the phospholipid bilayer.
B. It is hydrophilic and found inside the phospholipid bil
C. It impacts membrane fluidity.
D. It is transported in association with glucose in the blood.
What special property of phospholipid molecules explains their ability to spontaneously assemble into a lipid bilayer?
A. They are hydrophobic.
B. They are amphipathic.
C. They are saturated.
D. They are hydrophilic
What evidence supported this model?
A. An electron micrograph that showed two dark lines with a lighter band in between
B. Freeze-fracture electron microsc
C. Evidence that all membranes are identic
D. The hydrophobic regions of protein would be in contact with water
Which features of phospholipids give them their amphipathic properties?
A. Basic phosphate groups and acidic lipids
B. Acidic phosphate groups and basic lipids
C. Hydrophobic phosphate groups and hydrophilic fatty acids
D. Hydrophilic phosphate groups and hydrophobic fatty acids
