What was the main purpose of the Transcontinental Railroad?

How did the transcontinental railroad impact the settlement of the West?

Disenfranchisement

Impact of Plessy v. Ferguson

Cause of reservations

How did the Dawes Act impact Native Americans?

What is assimilation?

After the Compromise of 1877 the south is controlled by the _______ party and they quickly pass ___________ laws.

Jim Crow Laws did what?

"A new phase in the relationship between the US government and American Indians was incorporated in the Dawes Act of 1887. The act was designed to break up tribal organizations, which many felt kept American Indians from becoming "civilized" and law-abiding citizens. The Dawes Act divided the tribal lands into plots of up to 160 Acres, depending on family size. U.S. citizenship was granted to those who stayed on the land for 25 years and "adopted the habits of civilized life."

Question: Based on this passage what was the primary purpose of the Dawes Act?

In 1896, in the landmark case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court upheld a Louisiana law requiring "separate but equal accommodations" for white and black passengers on railroads. The Court ruled that the Louisiana law did not violate the 14th Amendment's guarantee of "equal protection of the laws. These federal court decisions supported a wave of segregation laws, commonly known as Jim Crow laws. These laws required segregated washrooms, drinking fountains, park benches, and other facilities in all public spaces.

Question: According to this passage what was the effect of the Plessy v. Ferguson decision?

The photographs are of the same student at Carlisle Indian School during the late nineteenth century.

The Compromise of 1877 resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election between Democratic candidate Samuel Tilden and Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes. The Compromise of 1877 gave white Southerners their chance to stop the military occupation of the South. In the compromise, Southern Democrats agreed not to block the vote by which Congress awarded the contested electoral votes to Rutherford B. Hayes, and Hayes therefore became president.

In return, Republicans agreed to withdraw federal troops from actively intervening in the politics of Louisiana and South Carolina Accordingly, within two months of becoming president, Hayes ordered federal troops in Louisiana and South Carolina to return to their bases.

Question: Based on your content knowledge and this passage what would be a negative effect of the removal of troops from the South?

What was the Spoils System?

Who drew this political cartoon titled "The Arrest of Boss Tweed"?

To regulate railroads and restrict monopolies Congress did what?

When the government does very little to regulate the economy and politics it is called....

Which industry was shaken by the Credit Mobilier scandal?

Who is this?

Cause of the assassination of President Garfield?

Photographed conditions of the urban poor in “How the Other Half Lives.” Examined the conditions of the poor in America’s cities.

An 1876 political cartoon in Harper’s Weekly, depicting the jailed Boss Tweed, titled, “Tweed-le-dee and Tilden-dum.”

What does this political cartoon tell us about the fate of Boss Tweed?

“When General Garfield became candidate for the Presidency I worked for him with all the ardor of my ardent nature. Night and day I worked, speaking at meetings where I chanced to be, writing articles for the newspapers and leaving no stone unturned to have him made president of the United States. Well, to the victors belong the spoils, and as I was of great service to his cause I thought of course that I should be properly taken care of… Garfield! Garfield, the President! He has slighted me, Charles Guiteau. Garfield… you must die!"

-Charles Guiteau's 1881 confession

Question: Which passage from this statement is the best example of the spoils system?

This person invented the telephone and revolutionized communication.

This person invented the phonograph, audio recorder, battery, and electric light bulb.

Serbian inventor who worked with alternating current

Daughter of former slaves. African American entrepreneur, beauty care products.

Using this chart answer the following question: What was a primary cause of the shift between rural and urban populations in the United States between 1900-1920?

Using the pie charts answer the following question: Select all the TRUE statements.

"In 1865 a young John D. Rockefeller founded a company that would come to control most of the nation's oil refineries by eliminating its competition. Rockefeller took charge of the chaotic oil refinery business by applying the latest technologies and efficient practices. He was able to extort rebates (discounts) from railroad companies and cut prices for Standard Oil kerosene to force rival companies to sell out. By 1881 his company controlled 90 percent of the oil refinery business."

Question: How did Rockefeller gain control of 90 percent of the oil refinery business?

"Possibly the greatest inventor of the 19th century, Thomas Edison was a young telegraph operator and patented his first invention, a machine for recording votes in 1869. Income from his early inventions enabled Edison to establish a research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, in 1876. this was the world's first modern research laboratory. It ranks among Edison's most important contributions to science and industry because it introduced the concept of mechanics and engineers working on a project as a team rather than as lone inventors. Out of Edison's lab came more than a thousand patented inventions."

Question: What enabled Edison to be the greatest inventor of the 19th century?

T. A. Edison Electric-Lamp Patent, 1880

How did the invention shown in this patent illustration affect industry?

The blue region of this map was more likely to be:

Select ALL the changes in American life that resulted from the inventions and innovations of business leaders and entrepreneurs of the period.

Booker T. Washington is most associated with which term listed below?

The Populist Party is most associated with which statement?

Gospel of Wealth written by Andrew Carnegie urged wealthy Americans to do what?

Which African American leader believed African Americans had already earned the rights of whites and demanded that they should be treated as equals?

Who benefited the most from Jane Addams?

-Born into slavery on a plantation in Virginia -Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education -Organized the Tuskegee Institute for agricultural and industrial education

Which of the following Americans advocated for full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans?

Booker T Washington and WEB Du Bois both agreed

In 1909, who helped found the NAACP?

Concerns of Populist Demands in the Late 1800s

Regulation of railroad shipping charges

A graduated income tax

Free and unlimited coinage of silver

These demands most reflected the concerns of?

Select ALL the correct answers:

Who would have joined the Populist Party during the Gilded Age?

The period from 1867-1887, roughly 20 years after the Civil War, was a time of deflation (lowering prices) in America. Credit was harder to get, currency was less available, and prices were falling. While lower prices were good for consumers, they were not good for farmers, who received less for the crops they grew. Often they had mortgaged their farms earlier in order to get more land to grow more crops. When it came time to pay back their loans, they were having to pay them back with dollars that were worth more than when they had borrowed the money.

In addition to earning less, farmers had to pay more to get their crops to market. Railroads and grain brokers, sometimes through secret agreements, charged extremely high prices to ship and store grain. Banks and suppliers charged high rates of interest when farmers borrowed to purchase supplies. Farmers felt like they were working harder and harder but earning less and less.

Question: According to this passage which of the following was NOT a cause of lower farm income?

Considering the passages from Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois above, what is their biggest difference on how African Americans should proceed after Plessy v. Ferguson?

An organization of workers dedicated to protecting members' interests and improving wages, hours and working conditions for all.

What impact did Eugene Debs have on the labor movement of the late 19th and early 20th century?

How did Samuel Gompers contribute to the American labor movement of the late 19th and early 20th century?

Which of the following is an example of a trust that was formed during the Gilded Age?

In the late 1800s, worker unrest led to what situation in Tennessee?

The Clayton Antitrust Act passed in 1914 differed from the Sherman Antitrust act in that it

What role did the Sherman Antitrust Act have on industrialization in the United States?

Workers stringing Beans in a Maryland Factory, 1909

Source : Library of congress, Prints and Photographs Division

What were photographs such as this one taken by Lewis Hine primarily intend to accomplish?

Use the political cartoon "Bosses of the Senate" and your content knowledge to answer the following question.

Who were the Bosses of the Senate referred to in the title of this cartoon?

Use the political cartoon "Bosses of the Senate" and your content knowledge to answer the following question.

This cartoon suggests that

In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act.

Based on an analysis of the source, what inference can be made about the impact of antitrust legislation?

The photograph below was taken in 1913

source: Public Domain/Library of Congress

Base on this photograph and your content knowledge, which conclusion can be made about the lives of these children?

The American Federation of Labor (AF of L) concentrated on attaining narrower economic goals. Founded in 1886 as an association of 25 craft unions, and led by Samuel Gompers until 1924, the AF of L focused on just higher wages and improved working conditions. Gompers directed his local unions of skilled workers to walk out until the employer agreed to negotiate a new contract through collective bargaining. By 1901, the AF of L was by far the nation's largest union, with 1 million members.

Using this passage select all TRUE statements about the American Federation of Labor

"Pullman manufactured the famous railroad sleeping cars known as Pullman cars. In 1894, he announced a general cut in wages and fired the leaders of the workers delegation who came to bargain with him. The workers at Pullman laid down their tools and appealed for help from the American Railroad Union whos leader, Eugene V. Debs, directed railroad workers not to handle any trains with Pullman cars. The union's boycott tied up rail transportation across the country. Railroad owners supported Pullman by linking Pullman cars to mail trains. They then appealed to president Grover Cleveland, persuading him to use the army to keep the mail trains running."

Using this passage and your content knowledge answer the following question.

What was the impact of Pullman raising wages on his work force?

Who wrote the “History of the Standard Oil Company,” in 1902 and showed how Rockefeller’s rise was based on unfair business practices?

This writer exposed corruption in city and state government in his book, “The Shame of the Cities.”

Which two federal acts were passed as a result of the book The Jungle by Upton Sinclair?

The list below summarize President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program.

. consumer protection

. control of corporations

. conservation of natural resources

Based on this summary, which belief was the foundation of this program

The excerpt below is from a speech delivered by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1908

"We have become great because of the lavish use of our resources. But the time has come to inquire seriously what will happen when our forests are gone, when the goal, the iron, the oil, and the gas are exhausted, when the soils have still further impoverished and washed into the streams, polluting the rivers, denuding the fields and obstructing navigation"

How did criticism like this affect the United States during the turn of the 20th Century?

"Worst of any, however, were the fertilizer men, and those who served in the cooking rooms. These people could not be shown to the visitor - for the odor of a fertilizer man would scare any ordinary visitor at a hundred yards, and as for other men, who worked intank rooms full of steam, their peculiar trouble was that they fell into the vats; and when they were fished out, there was never enough of them left to worth exhibiting - sometimes they would be over looked for days, till all bu the bones of them has gone out to the world as Durham's Pure Leaf Lard!" - Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, 1906

Question: The above excerpt is most closely associated with which sector of the Progressive movement?

Which of the following statements on the Progressive movement would most likely support this political cartoon?

“There were at that time some twenty-six refineries in the town [of Cleveland]— some of them very large plants. All of them were feeling more or less the discouraging effects of the last three or four years of railroad discriminations in favour of the Standard Oil Company. To the owners of these refineries Mr. Rockefeller now went one by one, and explained the South Improvement Company [the new trust]. “You see,” he told them, “this scheme is bound to work. It means an absolute control by us of the oil business. There is no chance for anyone outside." - excerpt from Ida Tarbell's History of Standard Oil, 1904

Question: The above excerpt led what outcome?

"Worst of any, however, were the fertilizer men, and those who served in the cooking rooms. These people could not be shown to the visitor - for the odor of a fertilizer man would scare any ordinary visitor at a hundred yards, and as for other men, who worked intank rooms full of steam, their peculiar trouble was that they fell into the vats; and when they were fished out, there was never enough of them left to worth exhibiting - sometimes they would be over looked for days, till all bu the bones of them has gone out to the world as Durham's Pure Leaf Lard!" - Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, 1906

The above excerpt led to what federal legislation?

“Our aim is not to do away with corporations; on the contrary, these big aggregations are an inevitable development of modern industrialism, and the effort to destroy them would be futile unless accomplished in ways that would work the utmost mischief to the entire body politic. We can do nothing of good in the way of regulating and supervising these corporations until we fix clearly in our minds that we are not attacking the corporations, but endeavoring to do away with any evil in them. We are not hostile to them; we are merely determined that they shall be so handled as to subserve the public good.” -Theodore Roosevelt’s 1905 State of the Union address to Congress

Question: What is the main argument Theodore Roosevelt is making in his State of the Union address?

Using the provided source select ALL the statements that demonstrate facts about Roosevelt's "trust-busting"

What is the most likely result of publication of images such as this 1906 cartoon?

The ability to remove a government officials from office

"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex."

Question: Which amendment to the Constitution is this?

"The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes"

Question: Which amendment to the Constitution is this?

"The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years"

Question: Which amendment to the Constitution is this?

Who was the progressive Democrat that was President from 1913-1921?

The name of Woodrow Wilson's progressive agenda

"Like Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson believed that a president should actively lead Congress and, as necessary, appeal directly to thepeople to rally support for his legislative program. In his inaugural address in 1913, the Democratic president pledged again his commitment to a New Freedom. To bring back conditions of free and fair competition in the economy."

Question: Why did Wilson pledge to "bring back conditions of free and fair competition in the economy"?

"We believe in a living wage; in an eight-hour day; in courts of concilation and arbitration; in justice as opposed to greed of gain; in 'peace on earth and goodwill to men.' We therefore formulate the following pledge: I hereby solemnly promise, God helping me, to abstain from all distilled, fermented, and malt liquors, including wine, beer, and cider, and to employ all proper means to discourage the use of and traffic in the same." - National Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Annual Leaflet, 1902.

Question: The above excerpt demonstrates a desire for what progressive reform?

Question: Select all the answer choices that could be used as similarities between the Square Deal and the New Freedom

All of the following issues led to the creation of what in 1913?

1. Many states and banks printed their own money

2. It was not unusual for people to lose faith in the value of their currency and financial system.

3. When many people wanted to withdraw their money some banks did not have enough currency to give out.

How did Tennessee play an important role in the legalization of women's suffrage?

Carrie Chapman Catt, Anne Dallas Dudley, and Alice Paul were all a part of what progressive movement?

The issue addressed in this political cartoon was later settled by -

"With riches has come inexcusable waste. We have squandered a great part of what we might have used, and have not stopped to conserve the exceeding bounty of nature without which our genius for enterprise would have been worthless and impotent, scorning to be careful, shamefully prodigal as well as admirably efficient. We have been proud of our industrial achievements, but we have not hitherto stopped thoughtfully enough to count the human cost, the cost of lives snuffed out, of energies overtaxed and broken, the fearful physical and spiritual cost to the men and women and children upon whom the dead weight and burden of it all has fallen pitilessly the years through. The groans and agony of it all had not yet reached our ears, the solemn, moving undertone of our life, coming up out of the mines and factories and out of every home where the struggle had its intimate and familiar seat. With the great Government went many deep secret things which we too long delayed to look into and scrutinize with candid, fearless eyes. The great Government we loved has too often been made use of for private and selfish purposes, and those who used it had forgotten the people." - Woodrow Wilson's First Inaugural Address 1913

Question: Select ALL of the following actions that Wilson took to address the issues he discusses in the provided source

Which statement describes the impact of this case?

This World War I-era poster was intended to persuade

According to this chart what was the impact of World War I on the African American population?

"In 1917, after the United States entered the war, Hoover was named to head the U.S. Food Administration. Hoover was the right man for the job, which guided the effort to conserve resources and supplies and to feed America’s European allies. Hoover became a household name—“to Hooverize” meant to economize on food. Americans began observing “Meatless Mondays” and “Wheatless Wednesdays” and planting War Gardens. Within a year, the United States had doubled its food shipments to Europe. After the Armistice was signed in November 1918, President Wilson appointed Hoover to head the European Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Hoover was able to channel 34 million tons of American food, clothing and supplies to war-torn Europe."

Question: Using this passage select all of the contributions Herbert Hoover made to the US war effort.

What was the reason Charles Schenck opposed America's war effort?

How did the Treaty of Versailles address President Woodrow Wilson's concern about making the world safe for democracy?

President Wilson was not willing to compromise on the League of Nations. So what happened to the Treaty of Versailles?

What is the artists message in this political cartoon?

The following image demonstrates what outcome from American imperialism?