Centralized government/ state systems may be run by dictators.

Central authority or power has control over other people. People follow the law and get protected by the government.

Everyone is the same social class in a centralized government.

Organized religion is any modern religion.

Organized religion is not the belief system of a civilization.

Manufacturing is not an example of job specialization.

Economy is the resources of a civilization and how they produce and use them to develop wealth/currency.

Job specialization is when individuals concentrate on many areas, which improves productivity allowing for leisure time.

A system of tribute has no collection of “taxes” or some kind of payment to the government to provide services.

A surplus of food is producing more food that a civilization needs to survive.

Planned infrastructure is buildings, roads, tombs, etc. needed for a civilization to function.

Trade is the exchange of a good or service for something else.

Accumulated learning is not the gathering of knowledge that results in achievements in communication.

Art is the creative and cultural expression via music, dance, sculpture, architecture, etc.

Stability, climate, location, and resources are geographic features that affect development.

Civilization development never includes geography, climate, agriculture, natural resources, development of tools/innovation.

Factors that help a civilization grow are war, natural disasters, disease, overpopulation, political struggles.

A favorable climate attracts settlement while natural disasters can destroy a civilization.

A good political social system can promote harmony within a civilization while a bad one can decline it from within.

People had to hunt and gather extra food after farming was developed.

Most people in the world today are hunter-gatherers.

The ancient hunter-gatherers lived in small groups, normally of about ten or twelve adults plus children.

Hunter-gatherers had a large territory their group roamed. Plants were found in this area, changing with the seasons.

The group’s territory had regular places where it stopped for a while. These might be caves or areas of high ground.

Family groups belonged to larger “clans” of 50 to 100 adults, spread over a wide area. They had a common ancestor.

Ancient people had no worldview or religious beliefs. Those developed later on in civilizations.

Some members of a clan had special respect for their wisdom or abilities, but there were no rulers of a clan.

Everyone was rich and wealthy in hunter-gather civilizations because everyone had a surplus or resources.

Women had no respect in a hunter-gather society and were second-class citizens.

Religious beliefs differed between hunter-gatherer groups. Some worshiped nature and others worshiped their ancestors.

Hunter-gatherers believed religion was involved in all things.

Shamans may have been healers, judges, perhaps even law-makers and war leaders.

By 10,000 BC, humans had technologies to exploit the environment. The most fundamental of these was fire.

Fire was important in mythology. The Greeks spoke of Prometheus, who stole fire from the gods.

Fire allowed people to cook their food, make stronger weapons, stay warm, and enjoy community after dark.

The hunter-gatherer people of 10,000 BC used stone, wood, bone and antlers for their weapons and implements.

Harpoons let people kill bigger fish and encouraged people to use boats to access more resources in the water.

Humans had already domesticated one species of animal, the dog (probably around 15,000 BC), which helped with hunting.

Humans had already domesticated one species of animal, the dog (probably around 15,000 BC), which helped with hunting.

There were no patterns on weapons or cave paintings by 10,000 B.C.

Favored locations were on the coast, where people could find marine resources plus land resources year round.

Hunter-gatherers were more active than agricultural communities.

In 10,000 B.C., people did not meet others from different tribes often. Ideas spread slowly.

People of the Stone Age had to invent tools and harness the power of fire.

Tool-making ultimately led to TV, cell phones, and computers.

Technology refers to the "practical application of knowledge in a certain area."

Uncontrolled fire terrified our ancestors. Forest fires and building fires terrify us today.

We know how people first learned to control fire.

Cooking made food taste better and easier to swallow. This was important for those without teeth.

Evidence suggests that fire was first used in stone hearths about 1.5 million years ago.

Archaeologists have found Stone Age tools 25,000-50,000 years old all over the world.

Daggers and spear points were used for hunting. Hand axes and choppers helped cut meat.

Scrapers were used to clean animal hides. Splinters of bones were used as needles and fishhooks.

A very important tool for early man was flakes struck from flint. They could cut deeply into big game for butchering.

Cro-Magnons did not introduce the bow and arrow, fishhooks, fish spears, and harpoons made from bones of animals.

Cro-Magnons lived approximately 25,000 years ago.

Advances in tool-making technology led to advances in agriculture.

Farming revolutionized the world and set prehistoric humans on a course toward modernity.

Inventions such as the plow helped in the planting of seeds.

Animals were raised for food as well as to do work.

Goats, for instance, were sources of milk and meat. Dogs were used to aid in hunting wild animals.

Modern, civilized societies began to emerge around the globe.

From past to present, stone-made artifacts are the dominant form of material remains that have survived to today.

The term “Stone Age” was coined in the late 19th century CE by the Danish scholar Christian J. Thomsen.

The “Three Age System” is a framework that revolves around the notion of three successive periods or ages.

Stone tools supposedly developed after metal tools.

The Stone Age begins with the first production of stone implements and ends with the first use of bronze.

The Stone Age period is based on technological development rather than actual date ranges.

The earliest global date for the Stone Age is 2.5 million years ago in Africa, and the earliest end date is 3300 BCE.

Paleolithic or Old Stone Age: the first stone artifacts, about 2.5 million years ago, to the end of the last Ice Age.

The Mesolithic begins as the Younger Dryas stadial, the last cold snap, which marks the end of Ice Age, about 9600 BCE.

The Mesolithic period begins when agriculture starts.

There is no single date for the end of the Mesolithic period.

During the Mesolithic period, important large-scale changes took place on our planet.

As the climate was getting warmer and the ice sheets were melting, areas in the north sank as they were freed from ice.

The sea levels rose, drowning low-lying areas, resulting in major changes in the land worldwide.