A simple carbohydrate that stores chemical energy in a concentrated, stable form.

An energy-carrying molecule that cells use for

plant processes.

____________ is the harvesting of light energy making use of inorganic raw materials and convert it to chemical energy.

Fill in the blanks to complete the balanced equation for photosynthesis.

___ CO₂ + 12 H₂O + Light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + ____ O₂ + 6 H₂O

Organelles that are responsible for photosynthesis.

Why are leaves green?

Within the chloroplast are stacked, disc-shaped structures called __________.

A stack of thylakoids is called ________.

This is the liquid-filled space surrounding the granum.

The phase of photosynthesis that occur in the thylakoid membrane.

The phase of photosynthesis that occur in the stroma.

Light reactions aim to produce two molecules called ___________.

Substances that absorb visible light are known as ________.

What does chlorophyll absorb?

These are large complexes of proteins and pigments (light-absorbing molecules) that are optimized to harvest light.

Light absorption begins in ___________.

A special pair of chlorophyll called _________ could be found in the Photosystem II.

A special pair of pigments found in Photosystem I.

It connects Photosystem II and Photosystem I.

It refers to the catalysis of ATP as the excited electrons travel from Photosystem II to Photosystem I.

The reaction center complex contains a molecule capable of accepting electrons and becoming reduced; it is called the _________

An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of

electrons and transforming NADP+ to NADPH.

Facilitates the transfer of electrons from Photosystem II to Photosystem I.

Facilitates the transfer of electrons from Photosystem I to NADP+ reductase.

It is the strongest biological oxidizing agent.

To replace the lost electron in photosystem II, water undergoes a process called ___________ to separate hydrogen from oxygen molecules.

In Calvin cycle, CO₂ undergoes a series of processes with ____________ as the end product. (Note: I used the module as reference.)

The step in dark reaction where CO₂ is attached to a carbon backbone to form G3P.

In ______________, G3P is converted to TP with the help of ATP. TP is a three-carbon molecule that constitutes one-half of glucose.

It refers to the recycling of five extra TPs to make another set of RuBP molecules.

It assists the attachment of CO₂ to a five-carbon backbone to create an unstable 6-carbon molecule, which eventually breaks down into 2 G3Ps.

Which among the three steps in Calvin cycle does NADPH oxidizes into NADP+ to aid in the conversion of molecules?

How much ATP is used in Calvin cycle?

How much NADPH is used in Calvin cycle?

How much RuBP is needed in carbon fixation?

It is the carbon backbone molecule attached to carbon dioxide gas during carbon fixation.

This gas is released as a byproduct from the splitting of water molecules.

Plants have alternative ways for carbon fixation. _________ minimize the cost of photorespiration by using oxygen instead of CO₂ in the active site of the enzyme rubisco.

___________, on the other hand, close their stomata during daytime and absorb CO₂ during nighttime.