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1 midterm GM осень

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The amino acid composition of collagens is characterized by the content of a large number of residues ... .

a)

tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine

b)

glycine, proline, oxyproline

c)

cysteine, glycine, alanine

d)

lysine oxidizing, hydroxyproline

e)

serine, proline, tyrosine

2.

Protein denaturation is:

a)

restoring the native conformation of the damaged protein

b)

the formation of hydrated shells

c)

restoration of protein ionogenic activity

d)

the process of breaking protein peptide bonds

e)

violation of the native protein conformation

3.

The composition of metalloproteins includes:

a)

neutral sugars

b)

amino sugar

c)

ions of various metals

d)

acidic monosaccharide derivatives

e)

phospholipids

4.

The myoglobin molecule consists of ... .

a)

1 heme and 1 polypeptide chain

b)

vitamin B2 and simple protein

c)

2 hemes and 2 polypeptide chains

d)

4 hemes and 4 polypeptide chains

e)

1 heme and 4 polypeptide chains

5.

Protein kinases phosphorylate proteins only at certain hydroxyl groups in amino acid radicals. Which of the following amino acid groups contain hydroxyl groups in the radical?

a)

asp, glo, ser

b)

ser, thr, tir

c)

tre, fen, arg

d)

liz, arg, pro

e)

ala, asn, ser

6.

Choose one incorrect answer:

Phenylisothiocyanate is used to determine:

a)

Amount of protein in solution

b)

Presence of cyclic amino acids

c)

C-terminal amino acid

d)

N-terminal amino acid

e)

The number of amino acids in the protein

7.

Which of the following shows a linear sequence of atoms linked by a covalent bond in a peptide backbone?

a)

–N – C – C – N – C – C – N – C – C

b)

–N – C – C – N – C – C – N – C – C

c)

–N – C – C – N – C – C – N – C – C

d)

–N – H – C – C – N – H – C – C – N – H – C – C–

e)

–N – H – C – O – H – N – H – C – O – H – N – H – C – C–

8.

Pick one wrong answer.

Shaaperons:

a)

are globular proteins

b)

bind to partially denatured proteins

c)

facilitate the breakdown of partially denatured proteins

d)

are located in all parts of the cell

e)

their synthesis is enhanced by stress

9.

Albumins are NOT involved in:

a)

activation of lipoprotein lipase

b)

regulation of free calcium concentration in plasma

c)

transport of fatty acids

d)

regulation of free hormone concentrations

e)

maintaining the constancy of the internal environment

10.

Protamines and histones are involved in ... .

a)

maintaining colloid osmotic pressure

b)

the transmission of nerve impulses

c)

protective reactions of the body

d)

the transmission of hereditary characteristics

e)

the processes of transport

11.

A decrease in gamma globulins is observed at ... .

a)

normalizing osmotic pressure

b)

reduction of the body's protective function

c)

the decrease in osmotic pressure

d)

decrease in blood volume

e)

increasing blood volume

12.

The division of enzymes into classes is based on ... .

a)

structure of the substrate

b)

type of reaction to be catalyzed

c)

the structure of the reaction products

d)

the structure of the apoenzyme

e)

the structure of coenzyme

13.

The class of enzymes that accelerate the transfer of atomic groups and molecular residues from one compound to another includes:

a)

oxidoreductases

b)

lyases

c)

isomerase

d)

hydrolase

e)

transferase

14.

Carboxypeptidases catalyze ... .

a)

the hydrolysis of sucrose

b)

cleavage of C-terminal amino acid residues from protein and peptide molecules

c)

hydrolysis of starch

d)

hydrolysis of fat in the body

e)

cleavage of N - terminal residues from protein and peptide molecules

15.

Choose one incorrect answer.

Heme:

a)

protein part of heme -containing proteins

b)

consists of 4 pyrrole rings

c)

reversibly binds to the protein part of hemoglobin

d)

contains an iron atom

e)

part of myoglobin

16.

Choose one incorrect answer.

The weak bonds involved in the formation of native proteins include:

a)

peptide

b)

hydrogen

c)

hydrophobic

d)

ionic

e)

van der waltz interactions

17.

Enzymes are biological catalysts that ...

a)

accelerate reactions regardless of environmental conditions

b)

they have a higher power of action than inorganic catalysts

c)

are part of the final products

d)

can act on any substrate

e)

have a lower power of action than inorganic catalysts

18.

Enzymes exhibit absolute substrate specificity with respect to....

a)

a substrate with a similar structure

b)

one substrate

c)

certain connection

d)

specific pH

e)

temperature

19.

An inhibitor whose effectiveness is affected by the concentration of the substrate is called:

a)

competitive

b)

noncompetitive

c)

uncompetitive

d)

irreversible

e)

specific

20.

Natriuretic peptide with nitric oxide (NO) in target cells, acting on the enzyme ... , increase the formation of cGMP.

a)

urease

b)

adenylate cyclase

c)

guanylate cyclase

d)

NO-synthase

e)

tyrosine kinase

21.

An increase in the activity of the enzyme ..., confirming the diagnosis of a patient with acute pancreatitis, was observed during the analysis of his blood and urine.

a)

lactase's

b)

dipeptidases

c)

sucrases

d)

alpha-amylase

e)

phosphorylase

22.

In order to confirm the diagnosis, the doctor sent a patient with an early stage of muscular dystrophy to a biochemical laboratory for blood analysis. In this case, the activity of the enzyme increases in the blood:

a)

hyaluronidases

b)

collagenase's

c)

alanine aminotransferase

d)

creatine kinase

e)

glutaminase

23.

Biotin is part of:

a)

the main was

b)

carboxylase

c)

decarboxylase

d)

phosphatases

e)

dehydrogenase's

24.

Increased blood alpha-amylase is NOT typical for:

a)

perforation of the 12 – duodenal ulcer

b)

myocardial infarction

c)

parotitis's

d)

methanol poisoning

e)

treatment of acute pancreatitis

25.

If a patient with a pathology of the heart muscle is admitted to the hospital, then for diagnostic and predictive purposes, it is necessary to determine the activity of the following enzymes:

a)

glucokinases, citrate synthases, aldolases

b)

arginases, peptidases, phosphatases

c)

creatine phosphokinase, Alat, ASAT

d)

neuraminidase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase

e)

enolase, glycerolkinase, lipase

26.

The biological role of vitamins -....

a)

participation in the regulation of metabolic processes

b)

are part of fabrics

c)

the implementation of the energy function

d)

are neurotransmitters

e)

are part of biomembranes

27.

The biochemical effectiveness of calcitriol:

a)

reduces the mobilization of calcium from bone tissue

b)

stimulates the excretion of calcium through the kidneys in the urine

c)

reduces the reabsorption of phosphates in the distal tubules of the kidneys

d)

stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphates in the intestine and the mobilization of phosphates from bone tissue

e)

stimulates the synthesis of calcitonin

28.

Choose one incorrect answer.

In different organs, it may not be the same:

a)

amount of enzymes

b)

enzyme activity

c)

isozyme composition

d)

enzyme composition

e)

a set of functional groups of the enzyme involved in the catalysis of a certain reaction

29.

What is the name of this amino acid?

a)

cysteine

b)

lysine

c)

methionine

d)

glutamine

e)

valine

30.

What is the name of the two-component enzyme?

a)

prosthetic group

b)

coenzyme

c)

cofactor

d)

holoenzyme

e)

apoenzyme

31.

The reaction of substrate phosphorylation in the Krebs cycle is:

a)

citrate → isocitrate

b)

succinyl-COA → succinate

c)

α-Ketoglutarate → succinyl-COA

d)

fumarate → malate

e)

malate → oxaloacetate

32.

cAMP concentration:

a)

influences the processes of protein phosphorylation

b)

does not depend on the activity of phosphodiesterases

c)

cannot influence the activity of phosphodiesterases

d)

decreases with the action of caffeine

e)

increases when protein G is coupled to adenosine triphosphate

33.

The enzyme pepsin is used medicinally for:

a)

treatment of purulent wounds

b)

prevent blood clots

c)

improve digestion

d)

resorption of scars

e)

treatment of viral conjunctivitis

34.

The enzyme hyaluronidase is used in medicine for:

a)

removal of toxins

b)

treatment of malignant neoplasms

c)

resorption of scars

d)

improving digestion

e)

prevention of thrombus formation

35.

The cytochrome system carries out the reaction ... .

a)

electron transport

b)

methylation

c)

oxygen transfer system

d)

decarboxylations

e)

hydrogen transport

36.

Activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex suppresses....

a)

AMP

b)

NADF

c)

ADP

d)

acetyl-CoA

e)

FAD

37.

The primary electron acceptors in the respiratory chain are:

a)

FMN or ubiquinone

b)

NAD or FMN

c)

FAD or cytochrome oxidase

d)

NAD or FAD

e)

NAD, FAD, or cytochrome oxidase

38.

Biological oxidation is a chain of redox reactions that lead to ... .

a)

the formation of ammonia

b)

oxidation of the substrate, the formation of H2O and release of energy

c)

CO2 formation

d)

oxidation of the substrate with the energy absorption

e)

formation of H2O and CO2

39.

Separation of biological oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation leads to ... .

a)

reduce ATP formation and increase heat production

b)

increase in ATP formation and decrease in heat production

c)

increase in heat production and formation of ATP

d)

reduction of heat production and reduction of ATP formation

e)

absence of energy in the form of heat

40.

The main function of the fourth complex of the respiratory chain is the transfer of electrons from the cytochrome to ...

a)

second complex

b)

first complex

c)

ubiquinone

d)

oxygen

e)

third complex

41.

Beginning of the second stage of aerobic glucose oxidation - ... .

a)

synthesis of oxaloacetate

b)

recovery of pyruvate

c)

oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate

d)

lactate oxidation

e)

oxidative carboxylation of pyruvate

42.

An enzyme that activates oxygen in the respiratory chain:

a)

FAD DG

b)

cytochrome A3

c)

NAD DG

d)

cytochrome C1

e)

ubiquinone Q

43.

Cyanides inhibit tissue respiration at the level of:

a)

cytochrome oxidase

b)

cytochrome C

c)

pyrimidine dehydrogenases

d)

flavoproteins

e)

coenzyme Q

44.

Cytochrome oxidase is localized in ... .

a)

ribosome

b)

kernel

c)

mitochondria

d)

the Golgi apparatus

e)

the cytoplasm

45.

Inhibitor of electron transfer chain enzymes is NOT:

a)

cyanides

b)

2,4-dinitrophenol

c)

rotenone

d)

amylobarbital

e)

antimycin

46.

Substrate of cytoplasmic NAD-dependent dehydrogenase - ... .

a)

pyruvate

b)

3-phosphoglyceraldehyde

c)

succinate

d)

isocitrate

e)

malate

47.

In the experiment with animals, lipoic acid was removed from their diet. In this regard, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is inhibited. Lipoic acid in this enzyme complex is:

a)

coenzyme

b)

substrate

c)

inhibitor

d)

allosteric regulator

e)

reaction product

48.

You are at the examination of the girl's corpse. The cause of death was found to be cyanide poisoning. Due to the action of cyanide, there was a violation of the process of ...

a)

heme synthesis

b)

catabolism of hemoglobin

c)

hemoglobin synthesis

d)

tissue respiration

e)

the collapse of the Gema

49.

A woman was admitted to the hospital with severe poisoning. The woman works at a company that produces insecticides and works with arsenic salts. An excess amount of arsenic was detected in the patient's hair. You know about the inhibition of lipoic acid by arsenic. The cause of the disease is a violation of the process:

a)

hydrogen peroxide decontamination system

b)

microsomal oxidation

c)

oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate

d)

glycolysis's

e)

ornithine cycle

50.

A 60-year-old man complains of increased appetite with apparent weight loss, weakness, and rapid heartbeat. As a result of the survey hyperfunction of the thyroid gland was detected. The reason for the patient's physical weakness is....

a)

the lack of substrate

b)

separation of BO and OF

c)

increase in ATP synthesis

d)

reducing the amount of ADP

e)

reducing the amount of AMP

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