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Earth's Changing Environment - Climate, Succession, El Nino/La Nina

Total questions: 58

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

During a(n) ____ event, trade winds are much stronger than usual.

a)

El Nino

b)

La Nina

c)

Normal

d)

Partly sunny

2.

During an El Nino, it rains

a)

in the central Pacific

b)

in the FAR eastern Pacific

c)

in the western Pacific

d)

In all of the Pacific

3.

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

a)

Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

b)

Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

c)

The weather at the polar regions

d)

The directions that ships travel in the oceans

4.

During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...

a)

about average

b)

stronger

c)

weaker

5.

La Niña is characterized by ______________ of the Western Pacific Ocean.

a)

a warming

b)

a cooling

c)

average temperatures

6.

Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about El Niño and La Niña?

a)

Both occur every 2-7 years

b)

Both occur in the Atlantic Ocean

c)

El Nino is a warming and La Nina is a cooling of the Pacific Ocean

d)

Neither are considered "storms"

7.

Where does the term El Niño come from and what does it mean?

a)

“The Child,” due to its appearance around the Christmas season

b)

"The Chile," due to its appearance around Thanksgiving

c)

"The Kid", due to its appearance around Easter

d)

"The Family", due to its appearance around 4th of July

8.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
9.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
10.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
11.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
12.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
13.
Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
old field
d)
ecosystem
14.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
15.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
16.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
17.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
18.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
19.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
20.

What is the direct cause of rising sea levels?

a)

Melting Sea Ice

b)

Melting Land Ice

c)

Climate Change

21.

Melting land ice...

a)

causes sea levels to rise because it adds water to the ocean.

b)

does not cause sea levels to rise because the water fills the space left by the melted sea ice.

22.

Floating sea ice melts...

a)

and causes sea levels to rise because it adds water to the ocean.

b)

but does not cause sea levels to rise because the ice displaces the same amount of ocean water as the melted ice would displace.

23.

Possible human solutions for limiting global warming and climate change are...

a)

being more energy-efficient

b)

using renewable sources of energy

c)

removing carbon from fossil fuel emissions

d)

all of the above

24.

MAIN greenhouse gas responsible for Climate Change is:

a)

nitrogen

b)

carbon

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

methane

25.

Select the greenhouse gas(es)

a)

CO2

b)

Methane

c)

Oxygen

d)

All of the above

26.

Which natural process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a)

forest fires

b)

volcanic eruptions

c)

cellular respiration

d)

photosynthesis

27.

All living things on earth are part of

a)

the biosphere

b)

the hydrosphere

c)

the atmosphere

d)

the geosphere

28.

T/F - The amount of carbon dioxide CO2 in the atmosphere is decreasing.

a)

True

b)

False

29.

Which human activity contributes the MOST carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a)

fishing

b)

farming

c)

breathing

d)

burning fossil fuels

30.

Why were the polar bears in Hudson Bay in the year 2016 losing weight and getting weaker than the polar bears in the 1908s?

a)

They were hunted by humans

b)

All of the bears died

c)

Their hunting season is shorter

d)

They have ice all year long

31.

Arctic temperatures have gone up about ____°C since 1900.

a)

0

b)

3

c)

13

d)

5

32.

Which type of gases hold heat in the atmosphere?

a)

Farmhouse gases

b)

Outhouse gases

c)

Hothouse gases

d)

Greenhouse gases

33.

Which best defines climate?

a)

the weather over long periods of time

b)

the annual rainfall

c)

the annual average temperature

d)

the forecast for one day

34.

Why has Lake Chad lost 90% of its water since 1963?

a)

Lower temperatures

b)

No rainfall

c)

Higher temperatures

d)

Too much rainfall

35.

Which two gases make up 99% of our atmosphere?

a)

Oxygen & Nitrogen

b)

Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide

c)

Carbon Dioxide & Nitrogen

d)

Hydrogen & Oxygen

36.

Does the Earth need greenhouse gases?

a)

No

b)

Yes

37.

Greenhouse gas levels are ___________.

a)

rising

b)

falling

38.

People breath CO2 ______.

a)

IN

b)

OUT

39.

Plants take CO2 _____.

a)

IN

b)

OUT

40.

Which of these are fossil fuels?

a)

Coal

b)

Gas

c)

Wood

d)

Oil

41.

Which is a form of renewable energy?

a)

Coal

b)

Wind

c)

Gas

42.

CO2 levels in the _____________________ are dangerous for humans.

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

43.

Which of these is NOT caused by climate change?

a)

Rising global temperatures

b)

Glaciers melting

c)

Rainforests disappearing

d)

The sky becoming more blue

44.

True or False: Day to day, climate change is hard to see.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

Which cars do NOT use fossil fuels?

a)

Cars that use gas

b)

Hybrid cars

c)

Electric cars

46.

What is "clean energy"

a)

Energy you use for cleaning your house

b)

Energy that cleans the environment

c)

Energy that does not burn fossil fuels

d)

Energy that is cheaper than "dirty energy"

47.

Who was President when Earth Day was established (1970)?

a)

Lyndon B Johnson

b)

Richard Nixon

c)

George W Bush

d)

Brack Obama

48.

In which decade was the EPA created and the Clean Air Act passed? (hint" this is called the "environmental decade")

a)

1940s

b)

1970s

c)

1990s

d)

2010s

49.

What happens to extreme weather when the temperature goes up?

a)

Extreme weather goes up

b)

Extreme weather goes down

50.

Because of climate change, what is causing major flood damage?

a)

Rising sea levels

b)

Too much rain

c)

We don't use enough water

51.

Which of these can be caused by climate change?

a)

Floods

b)

Heat Waves

c)

Crop/Food Shortages

d)

Water Shortages

52.
What causes La Nina?
a)
cooling of water in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America
b)
cooling water off the Atlantic coast of the US
c)
cooling water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America
d)
warm water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America
53.
The El Nino will cause what kind of weather in the southern US?
a)
cold and dry
b)
cold and wet
c)
warm and wet
d)
warm and dry
54.
The El Nino is caused by
a)
cold water off the Atlantic coast of South America
b)
warm water in the Pacific off the coast of South America
c)
warm water in the Pacific off the coast of Mexico
d)
cold water in the Pacific off the coast of Mexico
55.
La Nina will cause the weather in Texas to be
a)
warm and wet
b)
cold and wet
c)
cold and dry
d)
warm and dry
56.
What time of year do these two events occur?
a)
during the summer when the ocean water is warming up
b)
in the summer for El Nino and winter for La Nina
c)
during the winter around December and January
d)
During the fall when global temperatures are changing
57.
Why are La Nina conditions especially important to areas such as Texas and California?
a)
because La Nina brings drought to these farming areas
b)
because La Nina brings needed rain to these farming areas
c)
because it brings rain and floods and there are many people in these areas
d)
La Nina does not really impact these areas like El Nino does
58.
If you are a farmer in south Texas, when might you want to plant extra crops to make extra profits.
a)
during El Nino years
b)
during La Nina years
c)
in between these events because one is to dry and the other is too wet
d)
during both events  because both bring more rain to grow additional crops

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