Font size
WorksheetsAPES Unit 7 25
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 36mins
A carcinogen produced from radioactive decay of Uranium-28. Found naturally in some soils.
Radon
Lead
Mercury
Ozone
This smog occurs when sunlight reacts with certain pollutants in the atmosphere.
Temperature Smog
Industrial Smog
Photochemical Smog
Acid Deposition
Which climate conditions would be best suited for the formation of photochemical smog?
Cool, wet, cloudy
Cool, dry, sunny
Warm, wet, cloudy
Warm, dry, sunny
Check all that are carbon sinks (remove carbon from the atmosphere).
Photosynthesis
Oceans
Respiration
Forests
Humans alter the carbon cycle LEAST by:
Burning fossil fuels
Cutting down trees
Population growth
Exhaling
Scientists are testing the effect of different scrubber technologies on the removal of pollutants from coal power plants. The scrubbers use a slurry of limestone and water.
Which of the following best describes the impact of modifying the slurry by increasing the amount of limestone?
The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.
The amount of ground-level ozone released will decrease
The amount of water released will increase.
The amount of carbon monoxide released will increase.
Which of the following best describes the process shown in the diagram above?
Less-dense, cool air rises up and mixes with the denser warm air above it, increasing the amount of thermal pollution in the atmosphere.
Less-dense, warm air creates a temperature inversion between more-dense layers, trapping pollutants near the ground.
Dense, warm air from the mountains on the right pushes into the less-dense, cool air mass, causing an inversion layer.
Movement of air currents over urban areas decreases the amount of photochemical smog during summer months.
Which of the following is most likely responsible for the indoor air pollutant shown in the graph?
Cracks in the basement foundation
Synthetic fiber in carpets and furniture
Leaking water
Pet hair
Smog or ground ozone forms in the troposphere. Which pollutants are most responsible for smog or ground ozone?
sulfur and particulate matter
volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides
carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
none of these answers are correct
Source of carbon monoxide
Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels
Combustion of fossil fuels
Decomposition of plant and animal matters
Photochemical reaction of CO2
Exposure to too much radon gas can cause
lung cancer
sun burn
blindness
acne
The global atmospheric CO2 concentration in 2020 was
340 ppm
100 ppm
410 ppm
450 ppm
510 ppm
This primary pollutant creates a reddish brown gas creating photochemical smog and tropospheric ozone.
sulfuric acid
VOC
nitrogen dioxide
particulate matter
Smog is caused by ozone, which is a combination of....
UVA & UVB
NO2 & VOCs + sun
methane & NO2
carbon dioxide & water
The Clean Air Act...
sets limits on illegal dumping of pollution in our waterways
cleans the air with scrubbers
sets limits on certain air pollutants & how much can be emitted by companies & industries
helps farmers use less pesticides & fertilizers on their crops
Which of the following is a Clean Air Act criteria pollutant?
carbon monoxide (CO) & lead (Pb)
coarse & fine particulate matter
nitrogen dioxide (NO2) & sulfur dioxide (SO2)
ozone (O3)
ALL OF THE ABOVE!
Which of the following best explains the cause of the trend shown in the graph for lead emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2011 ?
Unleaded gasoline was first introduced in 1974, and amendments to the Clean Air Act required cars with the model year 1975 or later to use only unleaded gasoline.
New air-scrubber technologies were introduced in the late 1970s that effectively removed lead in the air and converted it into water vapor.
Beginning in 1975, The Clean Air Act required new cars to have catalytic converters, which effectively converted the lead found in gasoline to water vapor.
By 1990, all new model cars were equipped with internal fabric filters that effectively filtered car exhaust and reduced lead emissions.
Grass and trees tend to be cooler than concrete and asphalt because plants cool themselves down by releasing (a) into the air, which is called (b) .
What is noise pollution?
any harmful or annoying levels of noise
only really loud sirens
noise that makes your ears bleed
noise that cannot be heard by humans
This smog occurs when sunlight reacts with certain pollutants in the atmosphere.
Temperature Smog
Industrial Smog
Photochemical Smog
Acid Deposition
Anything less than 7 on the pH scale is:
Acidic
Neutral
Alkaline
What could be added to a lake suffering from acid deposition issues?
Phosphates
Calcium Carbonate
Rainwater
Vinegar
Implicated in human neurological damage
Sulfur dioxide
Lead
Ozone
Hydrocarbons
Particulates
How do temperature Inversions affect air currents?
A layer of cold, polluted air mixes with the warm air from the surface and creates a smog-like layer
A layer of slightly warmer air prevents the warm, polluted air from rising, causing a build up of pollution near the surface
A layer of smoke causes temperatures to lower near the surface of the earth, causing more pollution in the air.
Which of the following is the basis of industrial fog?
burning coal
vehicle emissions
Which of the following is the basis of photochemical smog?
burning coal
vehicle emissions
What weather condition is necessary for a thermal inversion to occur?
Windy conditions to mix the air
Windless to prevent mixing of air
Heavy rainfall
High humidity
What natural features act as barriers to deter vertical mixing of air, contributing to the formation of thermal inversions?
Rivers & plains
Valleys & nearby mountain ranges
Forests & wetlands
Deserts & plateaus
Why are thermal inversions dangerous in large cities, high traffic areas, and industrialized regions?
They allow for better dispersion of pollutants.
They cause a decrease in air temperature.
They trap pollution below the warm layer and prevent it from dissipating.
They increase the humidity levels in the air.
The 3 main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the US are
soil erosion, volcanoes, and forest fires
transportation, soil erosion, and energy production
industry, transportation, and energy production
industry, transportation and agriculture
Which is a source of sulfur dioxide found in nature?
forest fires
lightning
plant emissions
volcano
I nitrogen dioxide
II sulfur dioxide
III VOC's
Thermal inversions
increase the rate of smog formation
trap high concentrations of pollution at ground level
result in increased levels of acid deposition
reduce the negative effects of VOC's
The Clean Air Act- regulates vehicle emissions.
true
false
Which of the following locations would most likely receive acid deposition?
A major city receiving its electricity from hydroelectric sources
A town downwind from a coal-fired power plant
A large lake downstream from a concentrated animal feeding operation
A stream flowing through agricultural land
Which of the following is true about the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 ?
They allowed power plants to buy and sell SO2 pollution allowances.
They decreased the CAFE (corporate average fuel economy) standards for light trucks from 29 mpg to 12 mpg.
They increased the allowable level of tropospheric ozone from 80 ppb to 100 ppb
They regulated the emission of CO2 by power plants.
Consumers who get their electricity from coal-fired power plants are not paying the true cost of energy production in their monthly utility bills. Which of the following is true about utility bills for these consumers?
The bills do not include the cost of power distribution.
The bills include the cost of environmental damage associated with transporting coal.
The bills do not include the cost of power distribution.
The bills do not include public health costs, such as those associated with air pollution.
Which of the following would most likely neutralize the effect of acid rain on bodies of water, based on the composition of soils and bedrock in the region?
An open plain underlain by granite
A forest underlain by limestone
A valley that is frequently shrouded in fog
An area downwind of a coal-burning electrical plant
Which of the following correctly pairs a greenhouse gas with its primary anthropogenic source?
Carbon dioxide and municipal solid waste from homes
Chlorofluorocarbons and fossil fuel combustion
Nitrous oxide and agricultural practices
Methane and vehicular emissions
Which of the following has a pH of between 5.5 and 6?
Normal rain
Lemon juice
Distilled water
Acid rain
Which fuel contains the most SULFUR?
wood
oil
natural gas
coal
What is the half-life of Iodine 131?
32 days
24 days
16 days
8 days
Based on the diagram, which processes would provide the energy used to generate electricity at the power plant?
absorption of incoming solar radiation
fusion of atomic nuclei to form heavier atomic nuclei
fission in radioactive fuel
combustion of fossil fuels
Which of the following is an effect of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) on plants?
Converts to nitric acid
Leads to photochemical smog
Harms stomata and other plant tissue
Causes headaches at low concentrations
