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1.7 All ecology

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
From where do autotrophs obtain their energy?
a)
The sun
b)
Other organisms
2.
Which terms best describe autotrophs?
a)
Plants; producers
b)
Animals; producers
c)
Plants; consumers
d)
Animals; consumers
3.
Examples of a producer
a)
frog
b)
algae
c)
worm
d)
mouse
4.
Which terms best describe heterotrophs?
a)
Plants; producers
b)
Animals; producers
c)
Plants; consumers
d)
Animals; consumers
5.
__________ is an organism that eats BOTH plants and animals for energy.
a)
Omnivore
b)
Darnivore
c)
Carnivore
d)
Herbiovre
6.
How can animals and fungi best be classified?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
7.
Bacteria, fungi, and earthworms are examples of: 
a)
scavengers
b)
predators
c)
prey
d)
decomposers
8.
Which one is NOT an example of a decomposer?
a)
mushroom
b)
leaves
c)
mold
d)
worm
9.

What is a scavanger?

a)

An animal that eats dead things

b)

An animal that steals food

c)

All of the above

10.

Frogs are ______________________.

a)

herbivores

b)

carnivores

c)

omnivores

11.

Consumers which are herbivores.

a)

secondary consumers

b)

primary consumers

c)

tertiary consumers

d)

biomass

12.

These eat herbivores.

a)

secondary consumers

b)

primary consumers

c)

bacteria

d)

primary consumers

13.

Animals which eat secondary consumers.

a)

primary consumers

b)

primary producers

c)

autotrophs

d)

tertiary consumers

14.

These organisms turn dead animals and plants into soil.

a)

carnivores

b)

omnivores

c)

biomass

d)

decomposers

15.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)
Glucose and Chlorophyll
b)
Glucose and Oxygen
c)
Water and Light
d)
Carbon dioxide and Water
16.

An animal that hunts, kill and consumes other animal is known as a:

(a)  

17.

An organism that is hunted, killed and eaten by another organism is known as:

(a)  

18.

A relationship that describe a close interaction between two different species is known as what?

(a)  

19.
A mosquito feeds off of the blood of different organisms. This usually causes discomfort to the organism and sometimes disease and death. This is an example of:
a)
Parasitism
b)
Decomposition
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
20.

A feeder fish usually follows behind sharks to pick up food scraps that they leave behind. This is an example of:

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Decomposition

21.

A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit:

(a)  

22.

Pseudoscorpions often hitch rides on the backs of large beetles or true bugs. What is the ecological relationship?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Competition

23.
Ants protect soft bodied aphids and in return the aphids feed the ants a sugary drink. What is the ecological relationship?
a)
Cooperation
b)
Parasitism
c)
Commensalism
d)
Mutualism
24.
A frog eats a fly. The frog and fly are demonstrating ________.
a)
mutualism
b)
competition
c)
predator/prey
d)
parasitism
25.
A tapeworm lives in a human’s skin, taking nutrients from the human.  What is the role of the tapeworm in the relationship?
a)
Parasite 
b)
 Prey
c)
Host
d)
Parasitism
26.

Vines grow on a tree. The vines get light but the tree is not affected. What kind of relationship is this?

(a)  

27.

Ostriches and gazelles feed next to each other and watch for predators, alerting each other to danger. Since the visual abilities of the two species are different, they each can identify threats the other animal would not as readily see. This is an example of -

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predation

28.

Several owls live in a forest. The owls prey on mice. Hawks also prey on mice. Which might happen if several hawks move to the forest where the owls live?

a)

The number of owls will increase, and the number of hawks will decrease.

b)

The number of mice will increase, and the number of owls will decrease.

c)

The number of owls and hawks will increase.

d)

The number of owls and mice will decrease.

29.
Which food chain is in the correct order?
a)
cat, grass, bird, snail
b)
bird, snail, grass, cat
c)
grass, snail, bird, cat
d)
grass, cat, bird, snail
30.

Amount of energy in a food pyramid transferred from one level to the next

a)

0%

b)

10%

c)

78%

d)

100%

31.

If a disease strikes the snakes the rabbits will

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

not be affected

32.

If a disease strikes the snakes the grass will

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

not be affected

33.
In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...
a)
primary consumer
b)
secondary consumer
c)
tertiary consumer
d)
producer
34.

If there is 1000 kJ available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?

a)

10 kJ

b)

1 kJ

c)

100 kJ

d)

1000 kJ

35.

Only 10 percent of the energy stored in an organism can be passed on to the next trophic level. The remaining energy is

a)

Used for reproduction

b)

Stored as body fat

c)

Used for movement

d)

Used as heat

36.
The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain members of the plant kingdom?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
37.

What is the study of the interactions among organisms and  between organisms and their environments called?

(a)  

38.

An area where an organism finds food, shelter and water is the animals

(a)  

39.

Land-based habitats are known as (a)   habitats

40.
An individual belonging to a specific species
a)
Biotic
b)
Community
c)
Organism
d)
Reptile
41.
Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area
a)
Community
b)
Population
c)
Organisms
d)
Biosphere
42.

Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area

(a)  

43.

A group of tree frogs living in the same area at the same time is considered a...

a)

Biome

b)

Community

c)

Biosphere

d)

Population

44.

The community in a habitat refers to —

a)

the plants and animals that live together

b)

the total number of a certain plant

c)

the total number of a certain animal

d)

the people who live there in a big group

45.
True of False?  
Animals that live in the desert have adapted to live with little water since the desert gets little rainfall.
a)
True
b)
False
46.

Where does most air pollution come from?

a)

Human activities

b)

Wildfires

c)

Volcanic eruptions

d)

Allergens

47.

Deforestation leads to a decrease in atmospheric carbon dioxide.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Habitat loss means less space for animals to __________, __________, and _____________. (Choose 3 answers)

a)

feed

b)

breed

c)

locate new species

d)

raise their young

49.
Pollution _________________________.
a)
is harmful materials put into the environment
b)
found in air, water, and land
c)
effects plants, animals, and people
d)
All of the above
50.
To reduce pollution in the environment, people should ______________ materials.
a)
recycle
b)
pollute
c)
throw away
d)
clean
51.
Which of the following does NOT cause water pollution?
a)
oil spills
b)
garbage
c)
fertilizers from farms
d)
smoke
52.
How can trash effect wildlife?
a)
Wildlife animals cannot hunt prey because of the smell of garbage.
b)
Trash makes it hard for wildlife to camouflage.
c)
Wildlife could eat trash that they think is food.
d)
Wildlife animals are afraid of trash.
53.
__________________ is using materials wisely to protect them.
a)
Pollution
b)
Conservation
c)
Recycling
d)
Smog
54.
Which of the following items could you recycle?
a)
An old newspaper
b)
A plastic soda bottle that is empty
c)
An empty cereal box
d)
All of the above
55.
What is a landfill?
a)
A place for people to recycle
b)
A place where people's trash is taken
c)
A place where oil spills begin
d)
A type of factory
56.
How does air pollution effect people?
a)
It can cause people to have difficulty breathing.
b)
It can make sick people even sicker. 
c)
Sometimes, air pollution can cause cancer.
d)
All of the above
57.

What are endemic species?

a)

Extinct animals or plants species

b)

Vulnerable Species

c)

Endangered Species

d)

Species which are found only in a particular area or part of a country.

58.

Variety of living organisms found on earth

a)

ecosystems

b)

biodiversiy

c)

fauna

d)

migration

59.

Examples of invasive plants in SA are...

a)

Bugweed

b)

Pom pom weed

c)

Parthenium

d)

Lantana

60.
Why do the populations of invasive species grow so quickly? 
a)
Invasive Species are native to an area. 
b)
Invasive species are prey to many animals.
c)
Invasive species have no predators.
d)
Invasive species keep the ecosystems in equilibrium.
61.

Invasive species can crowd out indigenous species.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

62.

Which of the following would be most effective in preventing a species from becoming invasive? [more than 1 answer]

a)

Informing the public about its potential as an invasive species

b)

Removing it once it arrives

c)

Banning transportation

d)

Preventing its arrival through trade bans and shipping inspections

63.

Which of the following is an example of biological control?

a)

Introducing wasps to parasitize hornworm caterpillars.

b)

Spraying wasp pheromones to confuse caterpillars.

c)

Spraying caterpillar hormones to interfere with their development.

d)

Altering the DNA of wasps and caterpillars.

64.
Chemicals used to kill insects, weeds, and other pests
a)
Salinization
b)
Pesticide
c)
Biological pest control
d)
Genetic engineering
65.

Select all that are products of Photosynthesis.

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sunlight (Light Energy)

e)

Glucose (Sugar/food)

66.
Which choice correctly shows the gases that enter and exit plants during photosynthesis?
a)
Enter: Oxygen
Exit: Carbon dioxide
b)
Enter: Water vapor
Exit: Glucose
c)
Enter: Carbon dioxide
Exit: Oxygen
d)
Enter: Light
Exit: Water vapor
67.
Why do plants conduct photosynthesis?
a)
To make light
b)
To make mitochondria
c)
To make glucose
d)
To release carbon dioxide
68.

How does most of the water needed by the plant get into its leaves?

a)

It enters through the stomata

b)

The roots absorb it and then it travels up the stem

c)

It's made during a chemical reaction in the leaf

d)

The flowers capture water and deliver it to the leaves

69.

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

light + carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide + sugar + water --> oxygen + light

c)

oxygen + light + water --> carbon dioxide + sugar

d)

carbon dioxide + oxygen + water --> Light+ Sugar

70.

Only heterotrophs use respiration.

a)

true

b)

false

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