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Unit 1-3

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The first psychological laboratory was established by
a)
William James.
b)
John Watson.
c)
Wilhelm Wundt.
d)
Sigmund Freud.
2.
Having the patient be self-reflective (looking inward), and training them to report elements of their experience.  
a)
structuralism
b)
introspection
c)
functionalism
d)
psychometrics
3.
Humanistic psychologists focused on the importance of 
a)
childhood memories.
b)
unconscious thoughts. 
c)
healthy growth potential.
d)
punishment and reinforcement.
4.
In the early 1960s, the cognitive revolution in psychology involved a renewal of interest in the scientific study of 
a)
 mental processes. 
b)
unconscious motives.
c)
learned behaviors.
d)
evolutionary influences.
5.
Who was a student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association?
a)
Jean Piaget 
b)
Rosalie Rayner
c)
Mary Calkins
d)
Margaret Washburn
6.

What theory states that all knowledge should be collected through the senses/observation/experimentation?

a)

empiricism

b)

structuralism

c)

functionalism

d)

introspection

7.

Titchener believed that psychology should study the basic elements of conscious experience and belonged to which school of thought?

a)

Behaviorism

b)

Functionalism

c)

Humanism

d)

Structuralism

8.
Who is the founder of psychoanalysis?
a)
Sigmund Freud
b)
Abraham Maslow
c)
Ivan Pavlov
d)
B.F. Skinner
9.
Which psychological perspective would be most interested in studying our brain structures & chemistry, genetics, glands, etc.?
a)
Biological
b)
Structuralism
c)
Functionalism
d)
Humanistic
10.
Which psychological perspective studies how the situation and our upbringing influence our behavior?
a)
Psychoanalysis
b)
Social-Cultural
c)
Behaviorism
d)
Functionalism
11.

The specialist most likely to have a medical degree is a

a)

counseling psychologist

b)

developmental psychologist

c)

psychiatrist

d)

forensic psychologist

12.

Study human thinking, with a focus on such topics as perception, language, attention, problem-solving, memory, judgment and decision making, forgetting, and intelligence.

a)

cognitive

b)

developmental

c)

educational

d)

experimental

13.

Study the psychological factors that are influenced by, participation in sports and other physical activities.

a)

Community Psychologist

b)

Clinical Psychologist

c)

Sports Psychologists

d)

Counseling Psychologists

14.
The most common type of psychologist is:
a)
biological
b)
social
c)
experimental
d)
clinical
15.
Which perspective studies learning and how rewards and punishments influence how humans and animals act (observable responses)?
a)
Cognitive
b)
Behaviorism
c)
Humanism
d)
Evolutionary
16.
What is the definition of psychology?
a)
Study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
b)
Study of behavior and logic
c)
Scientific study of behavior and mental processes
d)
Study of how how our influences affect us
17.

According to the textbook, which of the following methods is best for enhanced memory after learning?

a)

rereading

b)

frequent quizzing/self-testing

c)

rewriting

d)

resting

18.
In a ___ sample all members of the target group have an equal chance of being selected.
a)
systematic
b)
random
c)
experimental
d)
biased
19.
___ is also known as the "I knew it all along" phenomenon.
a)
Hindsight Bias
b)
Sampling bias
c)
Operationalizing
d)
Double blind research
20.
In an experiment the ____ group is NOT exposed to the independent variable.
a)
experimental
b)
control
c)
double blind
d)
single blind
21.
In an experiment the ___ variable is manipulated by the researcher.
a)
independent
b)
dependent
c)
confounding
d)
operational
22.
A study of human development showed two types of movies to groups of children. Crackers were available in a bowl, and the investigators compared the number of crackers eaten by children watching the different kinds of movies. One kind of movie was shown at 8 AM (right after the children had breakfast) and another at 11 AM (right before the children had lunch). It was found that during the movie shown at 11 AM, more crackers were eaten than during the movie shown at 8 AM. The investigators concluded that the different types of movies had an effect on appetite.
The results cannot be trusted because
a)
the study was not double-blind. Neither the investigators nor the children should have been aware of which movie was being shown.
b)
the investigators were biased. They knew beforehand what they hoped the study would show.
c)
the investigators should have used several bowls, with crackers randomly placed in each.
d)
the time the movie was shown is a confounding variable.
23.

What is one disadvantage of a survey?

a)

The results are not always accurate or relevant

b)

Yields a lot of information

c)

Provides a good way to generate hypotheses

d)

Can provide information about many people since it’s cheap and easy to do

24.
What is the Placebo Effect?
a)
the effect on a subject receiving a fake drug or treatment
b)
occurs when researchers’ preferences or expectations influence the outcome of their research
c)
the tendency of some research subjects to describe themselves in socially approved ways
d)
Jared
25.
The goals of psychology are to
a)
develop effective methods of psychotherapy.
b)
describe, predict, understand and change behavior.
c)
explain the functioning of the human mind.
d)
compare, analyze, and control human behavior.
26.
An experiment where neither the participants nor the experimenter know who has received the treatment, until the experiment has concluded, is known as what?
a)
Random Experiment
b)
Single-blind Experiment
c)
Stratified Experiment
d)
Double-blind Experiment
27.
The experiment that supported the idea that phobias are learned through conditioning:
a)
Little Albert 
b)
Little Peter 
c)
Little Paul 
d)
Little Alice 
28.
___________________ is conduct that adheres to a moral code. 
a)
Social Responsibility 
b)
Ethical Behavior
c)
Business Ethica
d)
Global Responsibility 
29.
The condition that exists when the probability that the findings are not due to chance
a)
statistical significance
b)
experimenter bias
c)
confounding variables
30.
each time a study is repeated, the results are consistent.
a)
validity
b)
reliability
c)
sample
31.
A description of the specific procedure used to determine the presence of a variable.  Created so that the experiment can be replicated by others.
a)
operational definition
b)
independent variable
c)
controlled group
32.
In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head damaging the functioning of the frontal lobes. This instance provided evidence that the frontal lobe plays a role in personality and behavior. Researchers have continued to study Gage's brain to better understand this link. Which research method is being used?
a)
experimentation
b)
case study
c)
survey
d)
correlation
33.
To graphically represent the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a
a)
pie chart
b)
bar graph
c)
scatterplot
d)
skewed distribution
34.
The symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many human characteristics are dispersed in the population is known as
a)
scatter plot
b)
normal distribution
c)
frequency polygon
d)
histogram
35.
In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores in the distribution falls within on standard deviation on either side of the mean?
a)
34 %
b)
40 %
c)
50 %
d)
68 %
36.

Research shows that generally, the higher an incoming college student's high school GPA, the higher the college student's college GPA. Which of the following describes this relationship?

a)

a normal distribution

b)

a positive correlation

c)

a negative correlation

d)

a skewed distribution

37.

Confidentiality.

Voluntary participation.

Withdrawal rights.

Informed consent procedures.

Debriefing

All these are part of

a)

replication

b)

morals

c)

competnecy

d)

ethics

38.
Which of the following is the strongest correlation coefficient?
a)
-.80
b)
+.72
c)
-.14
d)
0
39.

Sally is in support of gun control. She seeks out news stories and opinion pieces that reaffirm the need for limitations on gun ownership. When she hears stories about shootings in the media, she interprets them in a way that supports her existing beliefs. This is an example of:

a)

Confirmation bias

b)

Bandwagon bias

c)

Hindsight bias

d)

Ostrich bias

40.

When Mr. Fuller does well on a test he is quick to take credit for the hard work he put into studying as well as his natural smarts. In another class Mr. Fuller struggles on a test and blames his poor test score on the teacher. This is an example of...

a)

Self-serving Bias

b)

Illusory Superiority

c)

Halo Effect

d)

Confirmation Bias

e)

self fulfilling prophecy

41.

A pro football player, who shall remain nameless, has repeatedly stated that he wants to continue to be an NFL quarterback until his mid 40s. As a result, he takes action to remain a top quarterback in the league by eating a good diet, getting enough sleep, staying fit, avoiding drugs, studying film and being a positive leader on the team; and therefore is likely to defy the odds and play into his mid 40s. Which term best describes the above example?

a)

Self serving bias

b)

halo effect

c)

confirmation bias

d)

self-fulfilling prophecy

42.
______ send signals away from neurons whereas ______ receive signals from other neurons.  
a)
Axons; Dendrites
b)
Synapses; dendrites
c)
Dendrites; axons
d)
Axons; synapses
43.
X
a)
Axon Terminal Button
b)
Neurotransmitters
c)
Dendrite
d)
Synapse
44.
This is the electrical charge that travels down an axon when a neuron is firing
a)
Resting Potential
b)
Action Potential
c)
Threshold
d)
Refractory Period
45.
Which neurotransmitter is released in response to stress and trauma?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Endorphins
c)
Serotonin
d)
GABA
46.
Which neurotransmitter is involved in the "Fight or Flight" response?
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Endorphins
c)
Norepinephrine
d)
Serotonin
47.
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate:
a)
learning and memory
b)
pain and pleasure
c)
muscle movements
d)
sleep, moods/emotions
48.
This neurotransmitter is most often associated with pleasure/reward sensations:
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
GABA
c)
Dopamine
d)
Serotonin
49.
Too much dopamine is linked with
a)
Alzheimers
b)
Schizophrenia
c)
Parkinsons
d)
Depression
50.
Low levels of serotonin is linked to
a)
Depression
b)
Alzheimer's
c)
Parkinson's
d)
Schizophrenia
51.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

a)

It creates chemicals, or hormones, that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

b)

It creates electrical messages that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

c)

It maintains the correct level of oxygen in the body to maintain homeostasis.

d)

It releases waste from the body to maintain homeostasis.

52.

The "master gland" is known as the __________________.

a)

thyroid gland.

b)

adrenal gland.

c)

pancreas.

d)

pituitary gland.

53.
The central nervous system is made up of __________.
a)
the brain and cerebellum
b)
the peripheral and autonomic nervous system
c)
the brain and spinal cord
d)
the cerebrum and the cerebellum
54.
Division of the Autonomic Nervous System (which is a subdivision of the Peripheral Nervous System) that is FIGHT OR FLIGHT
a)
sympathetic
b)
parasympathetic
55.
 Division of the Autonomic Nervous System (which is a subdivision of the Peripheral Nervous System) that is & REST AND DIGEST
a)
sympathetic
b)
parasympathetic
56.

If Dr. Barnes wanted to cause a cat to take on an attack posture, which of the cat’s brain structures should he electrically stimulate?

a)

A. amygdala

b)

B. hypothalamus

c)

C. hippocampus

d)

D. cerebellum

57.

After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. It is most probable that she has suffered damage to her:

a)

A. amygdala

b)

B. angular gyrus

c)

C. cerebellum

d)

D. corpus callosum

58.
Controls behaviors (hunger, thirst, sleep, body temperature) through the release of hormones.
a)
hypothalamus
b)
thalamus
c)
adrenal glands
d)
pineal gland
59.
This brain part, which was named for because it looks like a sea horse, is part of the limbic system which helps with memories.
a)
Amygdala
b)
Hippocampus
c)
Hypothalamus
d)
Pituitary Gland
60.

Which of the following images is a PET scan?

a)
b)
c)
d)
61.

These are computer-aided x-rays of the brain that show a great deal of brain structure.

a)

CT scan

b)

MRI scan

c)

PET scan

d)

EEG

62.

When a basketball player shoots a basket, which part of the brain sends the message instructing her to raise her shooting arm?

a)

the somatosensory cortex

b)

the prefrontal lobe

c)

the occipital lobe

d)

the motor cortex

63.
The corpus callosum
a)
Manages our understanding of speech and language
b)
cannot process messages sent from the left hand
c)
is a deep fissure in the cerebral cortex
d)
is a thick band of nerve fibres linking the two hemispheres of the brain
64.
You are aware that a dog is viciously  barking at you, but you are not aware of the type of dog.  Later, you are able to describe the type and color of the dog.  This ability to process information without conscious awareness best exemplifies which of the following?
a)
Dual processing
b)
Split Brain
c)
Blindsight
d)
Consciousness
65.
If a blind person uses one finger to read Braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands as the sense of touch invades the visual cortex. This is an example of
a)
integrated association areas.
b)
brain plasticity.
c)
hemispheric specialization.
d)
neural transformation.
66.

Research on rats raised in a deprived environments indicates that:

a)

a boring environment results in less brain development

b)

the environment has little effect on the development of the rats' brain

c)

rats react very little to their environment

d)

rats that thrive in a boring environment are special and incredible

67.

What does epigenetics mean

a)

it is the study of changes in gene function that are heritable and that do not entail change in DNA sequence.

b)

it is the study of chromosomal aberrations

c)

it is the study of changes in DNA sequence.

d)

It involves the analysis of genome rearrangements

68.
A chemical produced by neurons that carries messages to other neurons
a)
myelin sheath
b)
neurotransmitter
c)
axon
d)
axon terminal
69.
The popular myth that we use only 10% of our brains is flat-out wrong. Brain scans clearly show that we use most of our brain most of the time, even when we’re sleeping.
a)
True
b)
False
c)
Unknown
70.
The split-brain procedure involves the cutting of this
a)
Cerebral Cortex
b)
Cerebellum
c)
Corpus Callosum
d)
Caudate Nucleus

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