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Earth Science Review Quiz for Midterm Exam

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
Coal, Oil, and Gasoline
b)
Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
2.
Fossil Fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud.  What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form.
a)
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
b)
Mostly decaying organisms
c)
Mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
d)
Mostly metal minerals
3.
Some students made a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock.  The students pour 2 cm of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box.  Then they add 1 cm of gravel.  Finally, they pour 2 cm of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel.  Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?
a)
Sedimentary rock is made of layers.
b)
Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.
c)
Sedimentary rock is often limestone.
d)
Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
4.
Coal often forms where once there was swamps.  What characteristic of swamps is important to the formation of coal?
a)
High Temperature
b)
Abundant Plant Life
c)
Frequent Rains
d)
Reptile Predators
5.
Geothermal energy is energy from 
a)
the sun
b)
heat from deep in the earth
c)
wind
d)
inexhaustable
6.
Energy made from moving water or falling water is
a)
geothermal energy
b)
solar energy
c)
electrical energy
d)
hydroelectrical energy
7.
This Picture Represents Which Type of Alternative Energy?
a)
Wind
b)
Solar
c)
Biofuels
d)
Geothermal
8.
In what kind of rock can fossils be found?
a)
Sedimentary Rocks
b)
Igneous Rocks
c)
Metamorphic Rocks
d)
Granite
9.
Many man made projects use nonrenewable resources such as oil or petroleum.  Which of the following is NOT a way to conserve nonrenewable resources?
a)
reduce the amount of disposable products we use
b)
reuse products more than once
c)
recycle items by using them for more than one purpose
d)
refuse to limit the purchase of unessential items
10.
All of the following are considered alternative energy sources EXCEPT –
a)
Wind
b)
Petroleum
c)
Biofuel
d)
Solar
11.
One advantage of Solar Energy is that _________.
a)
it is not available at night
b)
it is not available on a cloudy day
c)
sunlight will not run out for billions of years
d)
it is expensive to make and maintain
12.
Wind turbines spin faster when there is _____ wind.  As a result, we get _____ energy.
a)
more, less
b)
more, more
c)
less, more
d)
less, less
13.

Why are coal, oil, and natural gas classified as nonrenewable resources?

a)

They are limitless

b)

They exist in many places on Earth.

c)

They are originally from once-living things.

d)

They take millions of years to form.

14.

Which of these is a true statement about nuclear power?

a)

It's waste can destroy habitats and ecosystems.

b)

It doesn't cost a lot of money to build.

c)

It does not produce radioactive waste.

d)

It produces very little amounts of energy.

15.

Which statement is true about coal and natural gas?

a)

Both are renewable resources

b)

Both require wind in order to work

c)

Both lead to greenhouse gases and climate change

d)

Neither one causes global warming

16.

Which of the following is an advantage of using coal as an energy resource?

a)

There is not an abundant supply of coal.

b)

Coal is less expensive than oil.

c)

Burning coal contributes to global warming.

d)

Coal can be used to produce electricity.

17.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of fossil fuels?

a)

Not easily available

b)

causes pollution when burned

c)

only available at certain times

d)

creates long lasting waste

18.

Which of the following is not a renewable resource?

a)

Solar

b)

Natural Gas

c)

Wind

d)

Hydroelectric

19.

Which of the following energy resources is produced by fission?

a)

geothermal

b)

wind

c)

nuclear

d)

biomass

20.

What is the biggest reason that some fuel sources are considered nonrenewable?

a)

toxic waste

b)

easy to recycle

c)

length of time to form

d)

inexpensive

21.

The process by which used items are treated and reused.

a)

smog

b)

strip mining

c)

production

d)

recycling

22.
Water on the top the earth can form lakes or rivers, these are termed ____.
a)
fresh water
b)
infiltration
c)
surface water
d)
groundwater
23.
A lack of water in an area is called ____.
a)
water scarcity
b)
water footprint
24.
Water that collects in spaces and cracks in rocks and soil underground.
a)
well
b)
aquifer
c)
groundwater
d)
irrigation
25.
Rainwater that flows over land without sinking into the soil.
a)
runoff
b)
spring
c)
groundwater
d)
aqueduct
26.
A hole dug or drilled into the ground to provide a supply of water.
a)
watershed
b)
desalination
c)
groundwater
d)
well
27.
The process of suppling fresh water to farm fields for growing crops.
a)
aqueduct
b)
irrigation
c)
spring
d)
runoff
28.
When water changes form from a LIQUID to a GAS?
a)
Condensation
b)
Evaporation
c)
Precipitation
29.
When water changes from a GAS to a LIQUID?
a)
Condensation
b)
Evaporation
c)
Precipitation
30.
What is the driving force of the water cycle?
a)
evaporation from the ocean
b)
heat from the sun
c)
precipitation from rainfall
d)
runoff from mountains
31.
Desalination is
a)
removing salt from water
b)
removing oil from water
c)
removing toxic chemicals from water
d)
adding salt to water
32.

True or False: Non-renewable resources are only available in limited amounts. Overuse will see them run out.

a)

True

b)

False

33.
The geological layer, consisting of underground caverns and porous layers of sand, gravel, or bedrock, where groundwater flows, is called
a)
zone of saturation
b)
aquifer
c)
the water table
d)
surface water
34.

Why is fresh water a limited resource?

a)

It isn't because it is a renewable resource

b)

97% of water is in the oceans and too salty to drink.

c)

Only 2.5% is drinkable and is stored in icecaps, rivers, and lakes.

35.
Where most freshwater is stored is in _________.
a)
Groundwater
b)
pH
c)
Glaciers
d)
Sea water
36.
Where 97% of Earth's water is stored?
a)
Glaciers
b)
pH
c)
Groundwater
d)
Sea water
37.
Water that collects in spaces and cracks in rocks and soil underground.
a)
well
b)
aquifer
c)
groundwater
d)
irrigation
38.
The surface of a layer of saturates ground.
a)
water table
b)
groundwater
c)
watershed
d)
reservoir
39.

What would be the best definition of permeability?

a)

Percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces

b)

The ability of a rock or sediment to let fluids pass through open spaces or pores

c)

The inability of a rock or sediment to let fluids pass through open spaces or pores

d)

The level below which the ground is saturated with water

40.

The size of an aquifer’s recharge zone is affected by the _________________ of the surface above the aquifer.

a)

Permeability

b)

Porosity

c)

Water table

d)

Desalinization

41.

What would be the best definition of porosity?

a)

Percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces

b)

The ability of a rock or sediment to let fluids pass through open spaces or pores

c)

The inability of a rock or sediment to let fluids pass through open spaces or pores

d)

The level below which the ground is saturated with water

42.

Where most freshwater is found in _________.

a)

Groundwater

b)

Lakes

c)

Glaciers

d)

Sea water

43.

The water table is higher in wetlands than it is in deserts.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

Which of the following materials are permeable? Check all that apply.

a)

Sandstone

b)

Clay

c)

Granite

d)

Limestone

45.

If ground water is removed faster than it is recharged, the water table may rise above the level of the well.

a)

True

b)

False

46.

Recycling of water in nature is known as

a)

Hydrological Cycle

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Nitrogen Cycle

d)

None of these

47.

Overuse of water for irrigation may lead to

a)

Lowering of Groundwater Level

b)

Increasing food production

c)

The rapid development of Industries

d)

None of these

48.

Soil erosion means

a)

The removal of the bottom soil cover by water, wind and human activities

b)

The removal of the top soil cover by water, wind and human activities

c)

The removal of the middle soil cover by water, wind and human activities

49.

Occurs on gentle slopes, and is slow removal of thin layer of Soil.

a)

Stream erosion

b)

Sea erosion

c)

Sheet erosion

50.

What is weathering?

a)

when forces break rocks apart or wear rock away

b)

when the sky is full of pollution

c)

when forces break soil apart

d)

when the weather is bad

51.
What is soil?
a)
mixture of bits of rocks and once living parts of plants and animals
b)
stuff you find in the water
c)
magma found in a volcano
d)
something that is great to eat for a snack
52.
Topsoil? 
a)
A great new shampoo for your hair
b)
located at the upper level of the soil horizon, where most plant roots grow.
c)
The very bottom of the soil horizon where very little nutrients are found
d)
Something found on the dwarf planet Pluto
53.
Examples of non renewable resources.
a)
Water
Sun
Wind
Geothermal
b)
Natural Gas
Nuclear Energy
Geothermal
Water
c)
Coal 
Sun
Wind
Natural Gas
d)
Oil
Fossil Fuels
Natural Gas
Coal
54.
Conservation? 
a)
Using a resource wisely so it won't be used up. 
b)
Saving stuff because you think it is cute and you don't want to throw it away.
c)
Buy a lot of stuff because it is on sale.
d)
Not buying something for fear of it not being used properly.
55.

The weathering of rocks into small pieces forms what natural resource?

a)

Minerals

b)

Water

c)

Coal

d)

Soil

56.

A student made a mixture of sand, tiny rocks, small twigs, and some leaves. This student has modeled -

a)

how rocks change over time.

b)

the life cycles of plants.

c)

the formation of soil.

d)

how landforms are created.

57.

Rocks, loose soil and sand rapidly sliding down a slope are a change to the surface of the earth known as a -

a)

Tsunami

b)

Volcano

c)

Landslide

d)

Glacier

58.

It refers to the internal dynamics or processes of the Earth.

a)

Endogenic

b)

Endergonic

c)

Exogenic

d)

Exergonic

59.

It refers to the outermost part of the mantle that is directly located beneath the lithosphere.

a)

Asthenosphere

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Upper Mantle

d)

Crust

60.

Which of the following is not an example of an endogenic process?

a)

Volcanic Eruption

b)

Metamorphism

c)

Earthquake

d)

Weathering

61.

These are instruments used to record the motion of the ground during an earthquake.

a)

Seismograph

b)

Seismogram

c)

Seismologist

d)

All of these

62.

Caused by the effects of changing temperature on rocks, causing the rock to break apart. The process is sometimes assisted by water.

a)

Chemical Weathering

b)

Mechanical Weathering

c)

Biotic Weathering

d)

Mass Wasting

63.

Caused by rain water reacting with the mineral grains in rocks to form new minerals (clay) and soluble salts. These reactions occur particularly when the water is slightly acidic.

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Soil Erosion

d)

None of the above

64.

Happens when winds carry large amount of fine soil particles.

a)

Wind Erosion

b)

Sheet Erosion

c)

Rill Erosion

d)

Gully Erosion

65.

Diagram shows a process of rock fragmentation and decomposition. It is known as

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Mass and land depletion

d)

Transport and sedimentation

66.

The process is causes by forces from within the Earth.

This statement refers to ..

a)

Exogenic

b)

Endogenic

c)

Exothermic

d)

Endothermic

67.

Diagram shows Earth's crust movement.

This is example of ...

a)

Endogenic process

b)

Exogenic process

68.

Formation of sand dunes in the desert by sand storm

a)

Endogenic

b)

Exogenic

69.

The weathered or corroded materials are moved by the agents such as running water, waves and glaciers.

This process refers to ...

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Mass and land depletion

d)

Transport and sedimentation

70.

A result of using radioactive elements from atomic enery stations.

a)

air pollution

b)

radiation pollution

c)

land pollution

d)

water pollution

71.

The gradual downward flow of water that soaks into surface

a)

river

b)

erosion

c)

infiltration

d)

water uptake

72.

Water pollution occurs when:

a)

Harmful substances enter a water supply

b)

Industries dispose of waste safely and correctly.

73.

There is nothing we can do to stop water pollution.

a)

True

b)

False

74.

What can happen to fish when there is not enough oxygen in the water?

a)

They can suffocate

b)

They can't float

c)

Nothing. Fish don't need oxygen.

75.

What is pollution?

a)

an unhealthy diet

b)

global warming

c)

is the process of making land, water, air or other parts of the environment dirty and not safe or suitable to use

d)

lands, people and plants

76.

My mother’s car is leaking oil. She parked her car on my street and oil leaked onto the concrete. Last night it rained heavily and washed the oil into the storm drain. What kind of pollution resulted?

a)

land pollution

b)

water pollution

c)

noise pollution

d)

air pollution

77.

I am in the car on the way home from school and see trash fly out the window of the car in front of me. There is now trash on the sidewalk in front of my school. This is an example of what type of pollution?

a)

Noise pollution

b)

Land pollution

c)

Water pollution

d)

Air pollution

78.
How do landfills effect the environment?
a)
Landfills cause fish to be poisoned and die.
b)
Landfills support plant growth and healthy soil.
c)
Landfills cause smog in the air.
d)
Landfills cause chemicals from trash to absorb into the soil and harm plants.
79.

What is an effect of land pollution?

a)

no clean drinking water

b)

loss of habitat for animals

c)

diseases from breathing in poor quality air

80.

What is the largest cause of land pollution?

a)

Animal waste

b)

Plants decomposing

c)

Human actions

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