WorksheetsKINE 4010 Trivia Night
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 30mins
What do the dark stains in histochemistry of muscle biopsy samples indicate?
A) High protein content
B) High enzyme activity
C) High type II fiber activity
D) All of the above
E) Two of the above
Which bacteria causes tetanus in humans?
A) Bacteroides tetani
B) Bacillus tetani
C) Bordetella tetani
D) Brucella tetani
E) Clostridium tetani
Which cardiovascular risk factors are affected by the fiber type proportions?
A) Mean arterial blood pressure
B) Insulin resistance
C) Obesity
D) Two of the above
E) All of the above
Which of the following are characteristics of type I fiber type?
A) High Motor Unit recruitment size, High mitochondrial concentration
B) High capillary to fiber ratio, High glycolytic enzyme
C) High fatigue resistance, Low glycogen concentration
D) High force production, slow contraction time
E) None of the above
During endurance exercises, at which intensities (% VO2 max) are the following fiber types recruited? Type 1, IIa, IIx
A) 30%, 50%, 80%
B) 20%, 30%, 50%
C) 10%, 40%, 75%
D) 20%, 60%, 80%
Which of the following pathways are correct?
A) Some fibers can be made more oxidative with training by increasing mitochondrial content while other can’t
B) Resistance training adaptations include increased mitochondria concentration and an increased capillary to fiber ratio resulting in a lower diffusion distance
C) Muscle fatigue can occur if exercise is greater than 80% of an individual’s VO2max for 15 minutes of longer
D) A pneumothorax results in the lung collapsing as a result of its elastic recoil and the chest wall expanding inwards as a result of its elastic recoil
E) All of the above are true.
Which of the following pathways are correct?
A) Intense muscle contractions IGF-1 synthesis and secretion IGF-1 Act’s via IGF-1 receptor Activates Akt, Activates mTOR Increase protein synthesis hypertrophy
B) Intense muscle contraction Act’s via IGF-1 receptor IGF-1 synthesis and secretion IGF-1 Activates Akt Activates mTOR hypertrophy Increase protein synthesis
C) Intense muscle contraction IGF-1 Act’s via IGF-1 receptor IGF-1 synthesis and secretion Activates mTOR Activates Akt Increase protein synthesis hypertrophy
D) Intense muscle contraction increase protein synthesis IGF-1 synthesis and secretion IGF-1 Act’s via IGF-1 receptor Activates Akt Activates mTOR hypertrophy
E) All of the above are true.
Which of the following statements below is correct?
A) As a result of disuse and inactivity all muscle fibers can atrophy especially type IIx and Type I fibers
B) Endurance training adaptations include increased capillary to fiber ratio, increased lipid use, increase mitochondria, and increased glycogen use
C) In response to resistance exercise adaptation satellite cells are activated, they proliferate, and they fuse
D) Muscle enlarges as a result of hyperplasia
E) All of the above are true.
Which of the following statements below is correct?
A) Disuse/inactivity can result in a greater reliance on anaerobic glycolysis and low-oxidative type IIx fibers
B) Disuse/inactivity can result in decreased mitochondria
C) Disuse/inactivity can result in decreased capillary to fiber ratio
D) Disuse/inactivity can result in decreased strength and endurance
E) All of the above are true.
Which of the following statements below is correct?
A) Strength gains do not match resistance training alone
B) The process of changing contractile speed is a more “resistant” transformation of fibers with regular training
C) Enlargement is due to increase in actin/myosin gene expression
D) Training 1 leg only can result in strength gains in the other leg
E) All of the above are true.
Which of the following is incorrect?
A) In high intensity exercise, lactic acid dissociates and causes an increased concentration of hydrogen ions, which lowers the PH.
B) The increased concentration of hydrogen ions increases the sensitivity of the myofibrils to calcium, therefore less calcium is needed to generate force.
C) Hydrogen ions compete with Calcium for the troponin binding site.
D) Carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions increase ventilation to prevent hypercapnia.
If a person is performing an activity at 10 METS and they weigh 65kg, at approximately what VO₂ (in liters/min) are they working at?
A) 1.8 L O₂/min.
B) 3.1 L O₂ /min.
C) 2.7 L O₂/min.
D) 2.3 L O₂/min.
What is the fate of lactate (La -)?
A) Lactate is converted to pyruvate in the heart.
B) Lactate enters the muscle through the GLUT-4 transporter.
C) Lactate enters the liver and undergoes gluconeogenesis.
D) A and C.
E) A and B.
Which of the following regarding muscle phenotype adaptations is correct?
A) With endurance training, the transcription of the M-LDH gene is increased.
B) Activation of a kinase can lead to protein hydrolysis which can cause the activation of that protein.
C) AMP activates kinase, leading to protein phosphorylation and causing either an activation or inhibition of that protein
D) ROS released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum can directly enter the nucleus and affect the transcription of a gene.
If a person is exercising at 1.85 L O₂/min and has a VCO₂ of 1.4 L C/min, then which of the following is (are) correct?
A) They are consuming about 4.75 Kcal/L
B) Their Respiratory Quotient (RQ) is about 0.9
C) The percentage of lipid used is about 50%
D) All of the above
Why can athletes burn more fat during exercise than a sedentary person?
A) Athlete’s have a greater lactate threshold so it takes them a longer time to reach acidosis
B) Athletes reach acidosis faster than sedentary people
C) Untrained individuals rely more on carbohydrate oxidation because they reach the lactate threshold later than trained individuals
D) None of the above
Based on the following nutrition value, what is the CHO content in this drink? Do you think that this drink is a typical sports Drink?
A) 10.9%, Yes
B) 10.9%, No
C) 6%, Yes
D) 6 %, No
What is the correct order for Glucose Metabolism in the liver?
A) 1. Only Epinephrine and norepinephrine bind to the receptor. 2. Glycogen breaks into Glucose 6-Phosphate then, 3. That breaks up into glucose via Glucose 6-phosphatase.
B) 1. Glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine bind to the receptor. 2. Glycogen breaks into Glucose 6-Phosphate then, 3. That breaks up into glucose via Glucose 6-phosphatase.
C) 1. Glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine bind to the receptor. 2.Glycogen immediately breaks up into glucose via Glucose 6-phosphatase.
D) Blood glucose level is maintained at 5mM by the glucose metabolism at the liver.
If someone is on beta blockers, what are the series of steps that allows them to use glycogen as an energy source during exercise? Use the diagram below to help.
A) Calcium binds to CaM (Calmodulin) >>>the PBk gets actived.>>> PBk (Phosphorylase B kinase) activates the GPb ( inactive glycogen phosphorylase) >>> GPa ( active glycogen phosphorylase) is formed.>>> GPa breaks a glucose off of glycogen.
B) PKA gets activated by cAMP.>>>>Active PKA will phosphorylate PBK so that it becomes active>>> PBk (Phosphorylase B kinase) activates the GPb ( inactive glycogen phosphorylase) >>>>forms GPa ( active glycogen phosphorylase)>>> GPa breaks a glucose off of glycogen.
C) CaM binds to PKA to activate PKB>>> PBk (Phosphorylase B kinase) activates the GPb ( inactive glycogen phosphorylase) which causes it to becomes GPa ( active glycogen phosphorylase). GPa breaks a glucose off of glycogen.
D) A and C are correct
When athletes undergo carbon loading, there is a time frame where they must have a low carbohydrate and high fat diet. During this time how is blood glucose maintained?
A) Insulin levels in the blood remains the same
B) Insulin in the blood decreases
C) Insulin in the blood increases
D) Both A and B
