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Clin Med - Endocrine

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Labs: Measure prolactin ­increased ***

a)

Prolactinomas

b)

Gigantism

c)

Acromegaly

d)

Cushing's disease

2.

Prolactinoma causes

a)

pregnancy

b)

stress

c)

exercise

d)

drug use

e)

pharmacological agents

3.

doughy, moist handshake is a hallmark clinical presentation ***

a)

acromegaly

b)

cushing's disease

c)

prolactinomas

d)

sheehan's syndrome

4.

IGF-1: increased 5 TIMES normal

a)

acromegaly

b)

cushing's disease

c)

prolactinomas

d)

sheehan's syndrome

5.

No production of hormones

a)

Hypopituitarism

b)

Nonsecretory adenomas

c)

Sheehan's syndrome

6.

postpartum pituitary necrosis

a)

Hypopituitarism

b)

Nonsecretory adenomas

c)

Sheehan's syndrome

7.

Affected women may have

•persistent hypotension

•tachycardia

•hypoglycemia

•lactation failure

a)

Hypopituitarism

b)

Nonsecretory adenomas

c)

Sheehan's syndrome

8.

Problem – deficiency of 1 or more pituitary hormones

a)

Hypopituitarism

b)

Nonsecretory adenomas

c)

Sheehan's syndrome

9.

Problem: due to defective synthesis or release of ADH from the hypothalamus-pituitary axis.

a)

Central DI

b)

Nephrogenic DI

10.

Problem: caused by a defect in the kidney tubules which causes renal insensitivity to ADH/Vasopressin

a)

Central DI

b)

Nephrogenic DI

11.

Central DI risk factors/causes

a)

traumatic brain injury (head injury)

b)

pituitary surgery

c)

pituitary tumor

d)

chronic renal disease

e)

chronic hypercalcemia

12.

Caused by a deficiency of/resistance to ADH

(not able to conserve water)

a)

Diabetes Insipidus

b)

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)

13.

Water Deprivation Test is used to test

a)

Diabetes Insipidus

b)

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)

14.

Problem: excessive ADH release which leads to hyponatremia and volume overload

a)

Diabetes Insipidus

b)

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)

15.

Water Loading Test is used to test

a)

Diabetes Insipidus

b)

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)

16.

Achondroplasia is ________ due to genetic mutation

a)

Gigantism

b)

Dwarfism

17.

The single best screening test for hypothyroidism is the serum ______ !!!

a)

TSH

b)

Free T4

c)

Free T3

d)

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)

e)

Thyroid Ultrasound

18.

The levels of metabolically, circulating active hormone

a)

TSH

b)

Free T4

c)

Free T3

d)

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)

e)

Thyroid Ultrasound

19.

Useful when a patient is symptomatic but on medication AND to diagnose HYPERthyroidism when TSH is low and T4 is normal

a)

TSH

b)

Free T4

c)

Free T3

d)

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)

e)

Thyroid Ultrasound

20.

Provides functional information about the thyroid gland

a)

TSH

b)

Free T4

c)

Free T3

d)

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)

e)

Thyroid Ultrasound

21.

Can tell if a nodule is solid or a fluid filled cyst but not if a nodule is benign or malignant

a)

TSH

b)

Free T4

c)

Free T3

d)

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)

e)

Thyroid Ultrasound

22.

Most common thyroid carcinoma

a)

Papillary and Mixed Papillary/Follicular

b)

Follicular

c)

Medullary

d)

Anaplastic

23.

worst thyroid carcinoma, very rapid, only 6 months after dx

a)

Papillary and Mixed Papillary/Follicular

b)

Follicular

c)

Medullary

d)

Anaplastic

24.

Thyroid carcinoma associated w flushing and persistent diarrhea

a)

Papillary and Mixed Papillary/Follicular

b)

Follicular

c)

Medullary

d)

Anaplastic

25.

Hashimoto's (autoimmune thyroiditis) is the most common cause of

a)

hypothyroidism

b)

hyperthyroidism

26.

Labs: a normal serum FT4 with ­increased TSH

a)

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

b)

Subclinical hypothyroidism

c)

Congenital hypothyroidism

d)

Myxedema coma

e)

Euthyroid sick syndrome

27.

Rare, life threatening manifestation of EXTREME hypothyroidism

a)

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

b)

Subclinical hypothyroidism

c)

Congenital hypothyroidism

d)

Myxedema coma

e)

Euthyroid sick syndrome

28.

A condition in which serum levels of thyroid hormones are low in clinically euthyroid pts w nonthyroidial systemic illness

a)

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

b)

Subclinical hypothyroidism

c)

Congenital hypothyroidism

d)

Myxedema coma

e)

Euthyroid sick syndrome

29.

Specific Findings in infants called cretinism

a)

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

b)

Subclinical hypothyroidism

c)

Congenital hypothyroidism

d)

Myxedema coma

e)

Euthyroid sick syndrome

30.

Graves' disease is the most common cause of _________ in the US

a)

hypothyroidism

b)

hyperthyroidism

31.

Graves’ Physical Exam

a)

Goiter

b)

Thyroid Dermopathy

c)

Eye disease

d)

No skin/eye changes

32.

Treatment of choice for Graves’

a)

Radioactive Iodine

b)

Subtotal Thyroidectomy

c)

Anti-thyroid Meds

d)

Beta blockers

33.

The most common thyroid disorder in the United States. It predisposes to hypothyroidism

a)

Chronic Lymphocytic/ Hashimoto's/ Autoimmune Thyroiditis

b)

Graves' Disease (toxic Diffuse Goiter)

34.

Life threatening condition -- Emergent complication of hyperthyroidism usually after a precipitating event (surgery, trauma, infection, pregnancy, illness)

a)

Thyroid Storm (Thyrotoxicosis Crisis)

b)

Toxic Adenoma

c)

Toxic Multinodular Goiter

35.

Thyroid Storm treatment

a)

IV steroids

b)

PTU

c)

Beta blockers

d)

Iodine

e)

Subtotal Thyroidectomy

36.

Nonviral infection of the thyroid gland

a)

Acute (suppurative) Thyroiditis

b)

Subacute Thyroiditis

37.

Viral or postviral -- T4 leaks out of the gland because of inflammation

a)

Acute (suppurative) Thyroiditis

b)

Subacute Thyroiditis

38.

Malignant thyroid nodules sx ***

a)

Rapid growth

b)

Fixed in place

c)

No movement when swallowing

d)

Single and Hard

e)

Associated with lymphadenopathy

39.

Hyperfunctioning

•1-4 % Malignant

•Thyroid Carcinoma

a)

Hot nodules

b)

Cold nodules

40.

= CANCER

Hypofunctioning

•10-25% Malignant

•Thyroid Carcinoma

•Parathyroid carcinoma

•Lymphoma

•Metastatic Disease

a)

Hot nodules

b)

Cold nodules

41.

Thyroid carcinoma usually presents as a _______, ______, ______ nodule in the thyroid ***

a)

palpable

b)

nonpalpable

c)

firm

d)

tender

e)

nontender

42.

Medications that can cause bone loss ***

a)

Depo-Provera

b)

PPIs

c)

TZDs

d)

Aspirin

43.

T score < –2.5 with a fracture ***

a)

Normal

b)

Osteopenia

c)

Osteoporosis

d)

Severe osteoporosis

44.

The goal for treatment of osteoporosis is: ***

a)

The prevention of fractures

b)

Treat back pain

c)

Prevent loss of height

45.

Risk factors of osteoporosis ***

a)

Excessive caffeine

b)

Low testosterone in men

c)

Smoking

d)

Sedentary lifestyle

e)

Amenorrhea

46.

______ is gold standard for diagnosing osteopenia and osteoporosis ***

a)

BMD

b)

FRAX

47.

postoperative (usually have had neck surgery of some sort – thyroid, parathyroid) ***

a)

Acquired Hypoparathyroidism

b)

Congenital Hypoparathyroidism

c)

Heavy Metal Tissue Destruction

d)

Impaired PTH secretion or response

48.

Chvostek sign and Trousseau phenomenon are signs of

a)

Hypoparathyroidism

b)

Hyperparathyroidism

c)

Paget's Disease

d)

Osteoporosis

49.

Clinical findings include kidney stones, bone pain, constipation, and depression ***

a)

Hypoparathyroidism

b)

Hyperparathyroidism

c)

Paget's Disease

d)

Osteoporosis

50.

Clinical manifestation: Increased pigmentation ***

a)

Addison's Disease

b)

Cushing's Syndrome

c)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

d)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

e)

Pheochromocytoma

51.

Sudden worsening of adrenal insufficiency due to a” stressful event”:

a)

Addison's Disease

b)

Adrenal (Addisonian) Crisis

c)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

d)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

e)

Pheochromocytoma

52.

Caused SPECIFICALLY tumor of the pituitary releasing too much ACTH

a)

Cushing's disease

b)

Cushing's syndrome

53.

excess hormone (cortisol) from the adrenal

a)

Cushing's disease

b)

Cushing's syndrome

54.

Classic triad: amenorrhea, obesity, hirsutism

a)

Addison's Disease

b)

Adrenal (Addisonian) Crisis

c)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

d)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

e)

Pheochromocytoma

55.

LH/FSH ratio >3 ***

a)

Addison's Disease

b)

Adrenal (Addisonian) Crisis

c)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

d)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

e)

Pheochromocytoma

56.

Due to excess androgens: ambiguous genitalia ***

a)

Addison's Disease

b)

Adrenal (Addisonian) Crisis

c)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

d)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

e)

Pheochromocytoma

57.

Clinical features: PHE ***

P – Palpitation

H – Headache, HTN

E – Excessive Sweating

a)

Addison's Disease

b)

Adrenal (Addisonian) Crisis

c)

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

d)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

e)

Pheochromocytoma

58.

RARE, Inherited autosomal dominant, RET proto-oncogene ***

a)

MEN1 disorders

b)

MEN2 disorders

59.

________ fat within the abdominal cavity is more hazardous to health than subcutaneous fat around the abdomen ***

a)

Essential

b)

Subcutaneous

c)

Visceral

60.

Most Common Health Consequences for obesity ***

a)

hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus

b)

hyperlipidemia

c)

coronary artery disease

d)

degenerative joint disease

e)

psychosocial disability

61.

Metabolic syndrome: Presence of at least 3 of the following risk factors ***

a)

Abdominal obesity/ waist circumference

> 40 inches (102 cm) in men

> 35 inches (88 cm) in women

b)

Blood Pressure > 130/85

c)

Fasting Blood Glucose > 100

d)

Triglycerides > 150

e)

HDL < 40 in men & < 50 in women

62.

BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m2

a)

Underweight

b)

Normal

c)

Overweight

d)

Obesity

e)

Extreme Obesity

63.

BMI 18.5 -24.9 kg/m2

a)

Underweight

b)

Normal

c)

Overweight

d)

Obesity

e)

Extreme Obesity

64.

BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2

a)

Underweight

b)

Normal

c)

Overweight

d)

Obesity

e)

Extreme Obesity

65.

BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2

a)

Underweight

b)

Normal

c)

Overweight

d)

Obesity

e)

Extreme Obesity

66.

BMI 30-39.9 kg/m2

a)

Underweight

b)

Normal

c)

Overweight

d)

Obesity

e)

Extreme Obesity

67.

a localized disorder of bone remodeling

a)

Hypoparathyroidism

b)

Hyperparathyroidism

c)

Paget's Disease

d)

Osteoporosis

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