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Earth History, Structure, & Hazards (E.8.9A.1-7 & E.8.9B.1-3)

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 2hrs 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Mountains form from ...
a)
plates sliding past one another
b)
collision of plates
c)
plates moving away from each other
2.
During sea floor spreading, molten material rises up from the mantle...
a)
along the continents
b)
at the mid ocean ridges
c)
deep ocean trenches
d)
at north and south poles
3.
Which of the following is where one plate slides under another plate?
a)
submarine zone
b)
divergence zone
c)
subduction zone
d)
lower zone
4.
The area around the pacific plate where boundaries form is called...
a)
death ring
b)
fire zone
c)
ring of fire
d)
zone of fire
5.
Associated with transform boundaries.
a)
Volcanoes
b)
mountains
c)
trenches
d)
earthquakes
6.
This land formation occurs at a divergent continental/ continental boundary.
a)
mid ocean ridge
b)
deep ocean trench
c)
pacific hot spot
d)
rift valley
7.
What happens to temperature as you go deeper in the Earth?
a)
decreases
b)
increases
c)
fluctuates
d)
remains the same
8.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
9.
What is represented by the picture? 
a)
Sea-floor spreading
b)
Pangea
c)
How the continents are arranged today
d)
Volcanoes
10.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
11.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
12.
Which type of crust is more dense and thinner?
a)
Continental
b)
Asthenosphere
c)
Oceanic
d)
Byers
13.
What was Wegener's hypothesis called?
a)
The Pangea 
b)
Moving Continents 
c)
The Continental Drift
d)
Techtonic Plates
14.
Why was Alfred Wegner's theory of Continental Drift not immediately accepted by scientists?
a)
there was no mechanism to explain how Continental Drift happened.
b)
The theory of Continental Drift was immediately accepted by the scientific community.
c)
there was no evidence to support his theory.
d)
Scientists did not think it was possible for the Continents to move.
15.
A location where two tectonic plates collide is known as a _________ boundary.
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Transform
d)
Spreading
16.
Which answer below correctly describes the formation of a volcanic island arc?
a)
Islands are created along the mid ocean ridge as new oceanic crust is formed.
b)
Islands are created one at a time as the plate moves across a hot spot in the mantle.
c)
Islands are created along a subduction zone as oceanic crust is forced back down in to the mantle.
d)
Islands are created as pressure is released when two tectonic plates are pulled apart.
17.
Created by a divergent boundary.
a)
Rocky Mountains
b)
Mariana Trench
c)
Mid Atlantic ridge
18.
The OLDEST seafloor is located? 
a)
Closest to the mid-ocean ridge
b)
Farthest from the mid-ocean ridge
19.
What are Mid-Ocean Ridges?
a)
A chain of underwater waterfalls 
b)
A chain of underwater volcanos
c)
A chain of underwater mountains
d)
A chain of underwater rocks
20.
What technology was used during WWII to detect enemy submarines and produce the first map of the seafloor?
a)
Sonar
b)
Radar
c)
GPS
21.
Older crust is found towards the...
a)
Mid-ocean ridge
b)
Deep-ocean trench
c)
Asthenosphere
22.
Undersea mountain range.
a)
Rift
b)
Mid-ocean ridge
c)
seafloor spreading
d)
Continental drift
23.
The zone where one plate slides under another is called the
a)
Convergent zone
b)
Subduction zone
c)
Transform zone
d)
Mantle zone
24.

Process by which new ocean crust forms.

a)

Seafloor spreading

b)

Continental drift

c)

Mid-ocean ridge

d)

Rift

25.

Sea-floor spreading begins at the

a)

Deep ocean trench

b)

Mid-ocean ridge

c)

Continent's edge

26.

What were 2 kinds of evidence were used to prove that the seafloor spread?

a)

rock formations, WWII shipwrecks

b)

magnetic seafloor stripes, WWII ship logs

c)

magnetic seafloor stripes, age of rocks

27.

Why does oceanic crust sink below the continental crust during subduction

a)

oceanic crust is less dense

b)

oceanic crust is more dense

c)

oceanic crust is older

d)

oceanic crust is warmer

28.

What are the names of ALL parts of the geologic time scale in correct order from broadest to narrowest?

a)

era, period, eon

b)

eon, era, period, epoch

c)

era, eon, epoch, period

d)

eon, era, epoch, period

29.

What type of event usually marks the end of an Era

a)

A Mass Extinction

b)

A Quinceanera

c)

An earthquake

d)

A Volcanic Eruption

30.

The Law of Superposition states that

a)

the older layers of rock are at the bottom

b)

the older layer of rock are at the top

c)

the younger layer of rock is at the bottom

d)

the younger layer of rock is in the middle

31.

If we want to figure out the age of layers from two different locations what would be the best way to do so?

a)

We can compare the fossils found in the layers of one location to the fossils in the other location

b)

We can use the law of superposition to figure out the rate of layer formation

c)

Radioactive dating to compare the age of the rocks in the layers

d)

Compare the number of layers in each location

32.

Why may fossil of the same organism be found on different continents?

a)

Because the continents were once together

b)

Similar fossils should not be found on different continents

c)

Because fossils change over time

d)

Because of the Evolution of the Earth

33.
What causes erosion?
a)
ice and snow
b)
wind and ice
c)
weathering and deposition
d)
wind, water and other natural causes
34.
What does constructive force mean?
a)
destroying land forms
b)
land forms from volcanoes
c)
creating new land forms by sediment
d)
creating rocks and dirt
35.
What are two types of weathering?
a)
Chemical and robotic
b)
chemical and mechanical 
c)
mechanical and robotic
d)
robotic and biological
36.
Soil formation begins with the weathering of_______.
a)
Humas
b)
Subsoil
c)
Litter
d)
Rock
37.
The two main factors that determine the rate of weathering are the TYPE of rock and_____.
a)
Music
b)
Climate
c)
Size of rock
d)
Weight of rock
38.
In which horizon is the Bedrock
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
39.
What is the difference between a natural hazard and a natural disaster? 
a)
They are exactly the same 
b)
A hazard is what could happen, a disaster is after it has an impact on humans
c)
I disaster is what could happen, a hazard is after it has an impact on humans 
d)
Hurricanes and tsunamis are natural disasters, but earthquakes and volcanoes are hazards
40.

If a country tries to mitigate the impact of a hazard, it

a)

develops strategies and plans to reduce the severity of the hazard.

b)

reduces the economic impact of the hazard.

c)

develops strategies to protect natural vegetation from the hazard.

d)

reduces the social impact of a hazard.

41.
What are the puzzle pieces of the Earth's surface called?
a)
Tectonic plates
b)
Puzzles
c)
Earthquakes
42.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

43.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

44.
What are the puzzle pieces of the Earth's surface called?
a)
Tectonic plates
b)
Puzzles
c)
Earthquakes
45.
Wegener’s proposal of a supercontinent was supported by:
a)
earthquake data
b)
seafloor magnetism
c)
rock, fossil, and climate data.
d)
convection currents in the mantle.
46.
Why did no one believe Wegener's thoery?
a)
He could not explain HOW the continents moved
b)
He didn't have evidence
c)
His data was wrong
d)
He didn't use the right technology to gather data
47.
What evidence did Wegener use in his theory?
a)
Continents and fossils fitting together/matching-up like puzzle pieces 
b)
glacier scars and evidence from temperature
c)
mountain ranges and coal deposits line up across continents
d)
all of the above
48.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)
The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time
b)
Continents are stationary and do not move
c)
The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents
d)
none of the above
49.
What is this a picture of?
a)
plate tectonics
b)
continental drift
c)
pangea
d)
glacier scaring
50.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

51.

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

52.

The place where two plates come together is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary.

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

53.

Below is a picture of sea-floor spreading. How are the ocean crusts moving?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Sliding

d)

No movement

54.

The San Andreas Fault in California is known as an active earthquake area. What type of

boundary is it?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Transform

d)

Sea Floor Spreading

55.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway
56.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

57.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

58.

What type of plate boundary lies on the west coast of South America?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

d)

Uncertain

59.

Which two mantle hot spots are located at midocean ridges?

a)

Iceland and Yellowstone

b)

Galapagos and Tasman

c)

St. Helena and Hawaii

d)

Easter Island and Bouvet

60.

Which type of tectonic plate boundary is found between the South American Plate and the Scotia Plate?

a)

transform

b)

convergent

c)

divergent

d)

complex or uncertain

61.

Crustal formation, which may cause the widening of an ocean, is most likely occurring at the boundary between the

a)

African Plate and the Eurasian Plate

b)

Pacific Plate and the Philippine Plate

c)

Indian-Australian Plate and the Antarctic Plate

d)

South American Plate and the North American Plate

62.

Trenches can be produced at contact zones between tectonic plates. The boundary between the following plates is an example of that:

a)

South American and African

b)

Indian-Australian and Pacific

c)

Eurasian and North American

d)

Pacific and Antarctic

63.

What plate does New York lie on?

(a)  

64.

What type of process most likely created the mountain chain seen here?

a)

Volcanic eruptions created the mountains over millions of years.

b)

Tectonic plates pushed together forcing one plate under the other and then pushing the land upward.

c)

Earthquakes broke the earth into pieces and parts of it fell into cracks between faults.

d)

A river flowed through the land and created the valleys between the mountains making them appear taller.

65.

A seismograph tells us what information about an earthquake?

a)

How deep within the earth the earthquake occurred.

b)

How far a tsunami will travel

c)

How much damage the earthquake caused

d)

How strong the earthquake is

66.

What are the primary purposes for the use of dams?

a)

To prevent droughts and reverse the flow of a river.

b)

To keep unwanted marine organisms from moving down stream.

c)

To control floodwaters and store water for people to use.

d)

To make lakes so that people have a place to go fish.

67.

The picture here shows a landslide. What can you infer from the picture?

a)

Landslides are a destructive process that break apart the surface of the earth.

b)

Landslides are a constructive process that build new mountains and dams on the surface of the earth.

c)

Landslides are caused by volcanic eruptions,

d)

Landslides are helpful to road crews.

68.

Sand dunes can be viewed in the picture. What is the best way to simulate the formation of sand dunes?

a)

Use a hair dryer to blow sand into piles showing how wind can deposit sand in new locations.

b)

Use ice to move sand from one place to another the way that a glacier would on the earth's surface.

c)

Use water and sand to show how water can move sand from one place to another through the process of erosion.

d)

Use sand and a shaky table to show how earthquakes can move parts of the earths surface.

69.

How can plants cause the weathering of rocks?

a)

roots can grow into or near rocks causing the rocks to break down over a period of time.

b)

plants can chemically break down rocks using photosynthesis

c)

plant roots can use the rocks as a source of nutrients and break them down over time

d)

plants can release water vapor into the air that causes the rocks to break down over time.

70.

What is something that humans can do to control water in areas that regularly experience floods?

a)

Dig wells to hold excess water.

b)

allow erosion to occur in order to make larger deltas

c)

build and use storm drains to move water to other areas.

d)

use a seismograph to see how much water is coming so that we can prepare for it's arrival.

71.

Earthquakes can cause which of the following

a)

Landslides

b)

Aftershocks

c)

Tsunamis

d)

All of the other answers here are correct.

72.

What does it mean to restore a beach?

a)

Replace the sand on the beach.

b)

Move the sand from one beach to another

c)

Building a wall on the beach to keep wind and water away

d)

Leave all of the seashells and other items on the beach instead of picking them up.

73.

Richter scales are used to measure

a)

the size of a volcanic eruptions

b)

the strength of a tornado

c)

the magnitude of an earthquake

d)

the power of flood waters flowing over land

74.

Which of the following landforms are created over a long period of time?

a)

Mountains and Canyons

b)

Landslides and Sand dunes

c)

Ponds and Mountains

d)

Volcanic eruptions

75.

What is the name of a place where tectonic plates meet and show movement?

a)

Glacier

b)

The core

c)

Fault

d)

Deposition