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1st Semester Final Review Pre- AP Chem.

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Atoms that have an unequal attraction for shared electrons in a chemical bond have a bond that is

a)

polar

b)

nonpolar

c)

ionic

d)

dipolar

2.

If two covalently bonded atoms are identical (example H-H or F-F), the bond is

a)

polar covalent

b)

nonpolar covalent

c)

dipolar covalent

d)

ionic

3.

The electrons involved in the formation of a chemical bond are called

a)

valence electrons

b)

s electrons

c)

Lewis electrons

d)

dipoles

4.

A chemical bond formed by the attraction between positive ions and a surrounding sea of delocalized electrons is a(n)

a)

ionic bond.

b)

nonpolar covalent bond.

c)

metallic bond.

d)

polar covalent bond.

5.

If a material can be shaped or extended by physical pressure, such as hammering, which property does the material have?

a)

malleability

b)

ductility

c)

luster

d)

conductivity

6.

Which of the following compounds would be formed from an ionic bond?

a)

NaCl

b)

HCl

c)

C12H22O11

d)

SO2

7.

What type of bond forms from the transfer of electrons?

a)

ionic

b)

covalent

c)

metallic

d)

covalent network

8.

Which of the following is an example of a molecular formula?

a)

CaF2

b)

Cs2Cl

c)

CO2

d)

MgO

9.

What is the correct Lewis structure for hydrogen chloride, HCl?

a)

Cl-H:

b)

:H-Cl:

c)

:H-Cl

d)
10.

The following molecules all contain polar bonds; however, the only polar molecule is _______________. Hint: You need to draw Lewis structures to assist you.

a)

CCl4

b)

CO2

c)

CO

d)

CH4

11.

According to the VSEPR theory, what is the molecular geometry (shape) of NH3? Hint: Draw the Lewis structure

a)

trigonal planar

b)

bent

c)

tetrahedral

d)

trigonal pyramidal

e)

linear

12.

What type of hybrid orbitals does nitrogen form in the molecule NCl3?

a)

sp

b)

sp2

c)

sp3

d)

sp4

13.

According to the VSEPR theory, what is the molecular geometry (shape) of a molecule of CF4? Hint: Draw the Lewis structure.

a)

linear

b)

trigonal planar

c)

tetrahedral

d)

bent

14.

According to the VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry (shape) of H2O is? Hint: Draw the Lewis structure.

a)

linear

b)

trigonal planar

c)

trigonal pyramidal

d)

bent

15.

The Al-F bond in AlF3 (electronegativity for Al is 1.61; electronegativity for F is 4.0) is

a)

polar covalent

b)

nonpolar covalent

c)

ionic

d)

metallic

16.

What is the strongest intermolecular force of attraction (IMF) present in NH3 ? Hint: Draw the Lewis structure first.

a)

London dispersion forces

b)

Dipole-dipole forces

c)

Ionic bonding

d)

Hydrogen bonding

17.

What is the strongest intermolecular force of attraction (IMF) for the molecule NCl3? Hint: Draw the Lewis structure first.

a)

London dispersion forces

b)

Dipole-dipole forces

c)

Ionic bonding

d)

Hydrogen bonding

18.

What is the strongest intermolecular force of attraction (IMF) for CF4? Hint: Draw the Lewis structure first.

a)

London dispersion forces

b)

Dipole-dipole forces

c)

Ionic bonding

d)

Hydrogen bonding

19.

The smallest unit of an element that can exist either alone or in combination with other such particles of the same or different elements is the

a)

atom.

b)

proton.

c)

electron.

d)

neutron.

20.

Which of the following main-group elements would you expect to have the lowest first ionization energy?

a)

3s2

b)

4s2

c)

4s23d104p1

d)

2s22p5

e)

5s24d105p5

21.

What is the density of a block of marble that occupies 210. cm3 and has a mass of 853 g?

a)

40.6 g/cm3

b)

0.363 g/cm3

c)

4.06 g/cm3

d)

406 g/cm3

22.

Compare the ionic radius of the typical ion formed by the element, 4s23d104p4, with the radius of the atom from which the ion was formed.

a)

The ionic radius is smaller than the atomic radius.

b)

The ionic radius is larger than the atomic radius.

c)

There is no change in size of the ionic radius compared to the atomic radius.

d)

The atomic radius is larger than the ionic radius.

23.

If testing shows an element is a poor conductor of electricity, it is probably a(n)

a)

metal

b)

nonmetal

c)

metalloid

d)

transition metal.

24.

Elements that are good conductors of electricity are

a)

metals

b)

metalloids

c)

nonmetals

d)

halogens

25.

Which of the following elements are located in the same period?

E: 2s2 G: 4s23d104p1 J: 3s23p5 L: 4s2. M: 4s23d104p5

a)

G,J, and M are all in the same period.

b)

G, L, and M are all in the same period

c)

G and M only are in the same period.

d)

E and J only are in the same period

26.

What group of elements have similar properties to the lanthanides?

a)

halogen

b)

alkali metals

c)

transition elements

d)

alkaline-earth metals

27.

A(n) ____________ is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals and is a semiconductor.

a)

metal

b)

metalloid

c)

nonmetal

d)

alkaline-earth metal

28.

A nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge, is called a(n)

a)

isotope.

b)

neutron.

c)

electron.

d)

atom.

29.

In oxides of nitrogen, such as C2O, CO, CO2, and C2O3, atoms combine in small whole-number ratios. This evidence supports the law of

a)

mass action

b)

multiple proportions

c)

definite proportion.

d)

conservation of mass.

30.

A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound is called

a)

electronegativitly.

b)

electron configuration.

c)

electron affinity.

d)

ionization energy.

31.

What is the correct noble gas notation for Indium, In?

a)

[Ar]1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p1

b)

[Kr]5s23d105p1

c)

[Kr]5s24d105p1

d)

[Kr]5s24d104p1

32.

A spherical electron cloud surrounding an atomic nucelus would represent

a)

an s orbital

b)

a px orbital

c)

a combination of the px, py, pz orbitals

d)

a hybrid of the s and p orbitals

33.

Moseley's work led to the realization that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals when ordered by

a)

atomic mass.

b)

atomic number.

c)

density.

d)

ionization energy.

34.

The Coulombic force of attraction between electrons and protons is _____ proportional to the distance and ______ proportional to the number of protons in the nucleus.

a)

inversely, directly

b)

directly, inversely

c)

directly, directly

d)

inversely, inversely

35.

The atomic number of P, 15, indicates that there are 15

a)

neutrons in the nucleus of a phosphorus atom.

b)

protons in the nucleus of a phosphorus atom.

c)

energy levels in an atom of phosphorus atom.

d)

particles in phosphorus making it have a mass number equal to eight.

36.

What is the product of 6.032 g and 0.00556 g with correct number of significant figures?

a)

0.03207 g

b)

0.0335 g

c)

0.032 g

d)

7.037 g

37.

A mixture that has the same proportion of components throughout is considered to be

a)

homogenous

b)

heterogenous

c)

a compound

d)

suspended

38.

Which of the following elements are located in the same group?

E: 2s2 G: 5s24d105p1 J: 3s23p5 L: 4s2. M: 4s24d104p5

a)

J & M only

b)

E & L are in the same group together and G, J & M are in the same group togher.

c)

E & L only

d)

E & L are in the same group together and J & M are in the same group together.

39.

Chemistry is a natural science that deals with the study of

a)

the physical features of Earth.

b)

living things and their life processes.

c)

the composition, motion, and relative positions of stars and planets.

d)

the nature and properties of matter and energy, including mechanics, heat, light, and other radiation.

e)

the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the ways in which matter interacts, combines, and changes.

40.

An atom is electrically neutral because

a)

nuclear forces stabilize the charges

b)

neutrons balance the protons and electrons

c)

the number of protons and neutrons are equal.

d)

the numbers of protons and electrons are equal.

41.

Which ion could not be represented by the noble gas configuration [Kr]5s24d105p6?

a)

Sr2+

b)

Ba2+

c)

I1-

d)

Te2-

42.

A spherical electron cloud surrounding an atomic nucleus would represent

a)

an s orbital

b)

a px orbital

c)

a combination of px, py, pz orbitals

d)

a hybrid of the s and p orbitals

43.

Moseley's work led to the realization that elements with similar properties occurred at regular intervals when ordered by

a)

atomic mass.

b)

atomic number.

c)

density.

d)

ionization energy.

44.

The number of atoms (or represented particles) in a mole of any pure substance is called

a)

its gram atomic number.

b)

it mass number.

c)

Avogadro's constant.

d)

its atomic number.

45.

The emission of electrons from metals that have absorbed photons is called the

a)

quantum effect.

b)

dual effect.

c)

photoelectric effect.

d)

interference effect.

46.

A line emission spectrum is produced when an electron moves from one energy level

a)

to a lower energy level.

b)

to a higher energy level.

c)

into the nucleus.

d)

position in the same sublevel.

47.

Which of these is an example of an element?

a)

sucrose

b)

water

c)

magnesium

d)

soil

48.

If some measurements agree closely with each other but differ widely from the actual value, these measurements are

a)

neither precise nor accurate.

b)

accurate but not precise

c)

precise but not accurate.

d)

both accurate and precise

49.

Which of the following is not part of Dalton's atomic theory?

a)

Atoms cannot be divided, created, or destroyed.

b)

The number of protons in an atom is its atomic number.

c)

In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged.

d)

All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.

50.

Which of the following elements would be expected to have 7 valence electrons?

E: 2s2 G: 4s23d104p1 J: 3s23p5 L: 4s2. M: 4s23d104p5

a)

J only

b)

M only

c)

J & M

d)

G, J, & M

51.

Which process is an example of a chemical change?

a)

burning in air

b)

dissolving in water

c)

heating to boiling

d)

slicing into two pieces

52.

The most reactive group of the nonmetals is the

a)

transition elements.

b)

noble gases.

c)

lanthanides.

d)

halogens.

53.

In which of the following measurements are all the zeros considered to be non-significant figures?

a)

350. mL

b)

72.0 mL

c)

606 mL

d)

0.0000012mL

54.

All atoms of the same element have the same

a)

atomic mass.

b)

number of neutrons.

c)

mass number.

d)

atomic. number.

55.

At sea level, water boils at 100o C. This is an example of a(n)

a)

chemical change.

b)

chemical property.

c)

extensive physical property

d)

intensive physical property

56.

Which is the correct noble gas notation for antimony, Sb?

a)

[Kr]5s24d105p3

b)

[Kr]5s25d105p3

c)

[Kr]5s24f145d105p3

d)

[Kr]6s25f145d106p3

57.

Which of these is an example of an extensive physical property?

a)

boiling point

b)

mass

c)

color

d)

density

58.

How many atoms are present in 2.5x 10-5 g of sodium, Na?

a)

6.5 x 1017 atoms

b)

1.5 x 1020 atoms

c)

2.9 x 1018 atoms

d)

2.9 x 1019 atoms

59.

The group of reactive metals, all of which have exactly two valence electrons in a s-orbital, is known as the

a)

transition metals.

b)

alkali metals

c)

alkaline-earth metals.

d)

halogens.

60.

The most reactive group of metals on the periodic table are the

a)

alkali metals.

b)

alkaline-earth metals.

c)

halogens.

d)

transition metals.

61.

Calculate the number of moles present in 17.32 g of phosphorus, P

a)

0.5593 moles

b)

2.876 x 10-23 moles

c)

3.252 x 1023 moles

d)

9.224 x 10-22 moles

62.

A three-dimensional region around a nucleus where an electron may be found is called a(n)

a)

orbital.

b)

orbit.

c)

electron path.

d)

emission spectrum.

63.

Sodium exploding in water is an example of a

a)

physical change.

b)

chemical change.

c)

chemical property.

d)

physical property.

64.

According to the law of definite proportions, any two samples of potassium chloride, KCl have

a)

the same ratio of elements.

b)

slightly different molecular structures.

c)

the same mass.

d)

the same melting point.

65.

A neutral atom of isotope Copper-65 has how many protons, electrons, and neutrons?

a)

29 protons, 29 electrons, and 65 neutrons.

b)

29 protons, 29 electrons, and 36 neutrons.

c)

29 protons, 28 electrons, and 65 neutrons.

d)

65 protons, 65 electrons, and 29 neutrons.

e)

29 protons, 28 electrons, and 24 neutrons

66.

By making several measurements of a sample with the same balance, a chemist obtained values of 6.224 g, 6.5535 g, and 6.759 g for the mass of a sample. Without knowing the actual mass of the sample, we can tell that these measurements have

a)

low accuracy.

b)

high precision.

c)

high accuracy.

d)

low precision.

67.

The mixture released a yellow vapor. This is an example of ________ data.

a)

conversion

b)

proportional

c)

quantitative

d)

qualitative

68.

The group of elements that are mostly laboratory made and radioactive is called the

a)

lanthanides.

b)

actinides.

c)

halogens.

d)

alkaline-earth metals.

69.

Which figure below would have the least Coulombic force of attraction?

a)

Figure A

b)

Figure D

c)

Figure E

d)

Figure F

70.

Which of the following elements would you expect to have the highest electronegativity?

a)

4s2

b)

6s2

c)

5s24d105p1

d)

3s23p5

e)

5s24d104p5

71.

According to the law of conservation of mass, when sodium, hydrogen, and oxygen react to form a compound, the mass of the compound is _____ the sum of the masses of the individual elements

a)

greater than

b)

less than

c)

equal to

d)

none of the above

72.

Which of these is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?

a)

table salt

b)

air

c)

aluminum foil

d)

sand and water

73.

If isotopes of the same element have increasing mass numbers, the number of protons of those isotopes

a)

double each time the mass number increase.

b)

decreases.

c)

remain the same.

d)

increase.

74.

The sample of metal weighs 12.0 g. This is a ____ measurement.

a)

quantitative

b)

qualitative

c)

inverse

d)

conversion

75.

Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the

a)

nucleus.

b)

electron cloud.

c)

s orbital.

d)

quantum area.

76.

How many atoms of Phosphorus react when there is 3.004 x 10-5 moles of phosphorus in the matches?

a)

1.809 x 1019 atoms

b)

3.328 x 10-29 atoms

c)

1.005 x 1018 atoms

d)

1.449 x 1020 atoms

77.

An Silicon isotope consists of 14 protons, 14 electrons, and 14 neutrons. Its mass number is

a)

13

b)

14

c)

28

d)

26

e)

40

78.

The set of orbitals that are dumbbell shaped and directed along the x, y, and z axis are called

a)

s orbitals

b)

p orbitals

c)

d orbitals

d)

f orbitals

79.

Mendeleev noticed that properties of elements usually repeated at regular intervals when the elements were arranged in order of increasing

a)

atomic mass.

b)

atomic number.

c)

density.

d)

reactivity.

80.

The nucleus of an atom has all of the following characteristics except that it

a)

is very dense.

b)

is positively charge.

c)

contains nearly all of the atom's mass.

d)

contains nearly all of the atom's volume

81.

A unknown element has two naturally occurring isotopes. Isotope A is 38.40% with a mass of 190.955 amu and Isotope B is 61.60% with a mass of 194.956 amu. Calculate the average atomic mass of the unknown element with the correct number of significant figures.

a)

193.4 amu

b)

192.5 amu

c)

1934 amu

d)

19.30 amu

e)

193.6 amu

82.

The ability of iron to rust when exposed to oxygen is an example of a

a)

chemical property.

b)

chemical change.

c)

physical property.

d)

physical change.

83.

Which figure below has the least Coulombic Force of attraction?

a)

Figure A

b)

Figure B

c)

Figure C

84.

Which of the following is the correct configuration of gallium, Ga?

a)

1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p1

b)

1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p1

c)

1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p1

d)

1s22s22p63s23p64s22d104p6

85.

If electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energies, the atom is in the

a)

ground state.

b)

excited state.

c)

radiation-emitting state.

d)

inert state.

86.

Melting an ice cube is an example of a

a)

physical property.

b)

physical change.

c)

chemical property.

d)

chemical change.

87.

The most characteristic property of the noble gases is that they

a)

generally nonreactive.

b)

have low boiling points.

c)

are radioactive.

d)

are the most reactive nonmetals.

88.

A positive ion is known as a(n)

a)

cation.

b)

anion.

c)

ionic radius.

d)

valence electron.

89.

Which of the following elements will form a 2+ ion?

a)

3s2

b)

5s25p1

c)

5s24d105p1

d)

2s22p5

e)

5s24d105p5

90.

The main energy levels of an atom are indicated by the

a)

spin quantum numbers.

b)

magnetic quantum numbers.

c)

principal quantum numbers.

d)

angular momentum quantum numbers.

91.

A blend of two or more kinds of matter each of which retains its own identity and properties, is a(n)

a)

mixture.

b)

compound.

c)

atom.

d)

alloy.

92.

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom is called the

a)

electron energy.

b)

electronegativity.

c)

ionization energy.

d)

electron affinity

93.

The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume and an indefinite shape is a

a)

solid.

b)

liquid.

c)

gas.

d)

plasma.

94.

Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?

a)

3s2

b)

5s2

c)

2s22p5

d)

5s24d105p1

95.

A neutral atom of fluorine has atomic number 9 and mass number of 19. It has

a)

9 protons, 9 electrons, and 19 neutrons.

b)

19 protons, 19electrons, and 38neutrons.

c)

9 protons, 9 electrons, and 9 neutrons.

d)

9 protons, 9 electrons, and 10 neutrons.

96.

When atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded, the substance formed is a(n)

a)

metal.

b)

compound.

c)

solution.

d)

mixture.

97.

Calculate the mass of 2.05 x 1025 atoms of silver, Ag.

a)

3.67 x 103 g

b)

3.67 x 1046 g

c)

1.14 x 1047

d)

1.74 x 101 g

e)

5.33 x 1022 g

98.

What type of bond is present in chlorine gas, F2?

a)

nonpolar covalent

b)

polar covalent

c)

ionic

d)

metallic

99.

The shiny appearance and malleability of a metal is most closely related to the metal's

a)

positive ions.

b)

covalent bonds.

c)

delocalized electrons.

d)

crystal lattice structure.

100.

What type of bond is formed when two or more atoms share electrons?

a)

covalent bond

b)

ionic bond

c)

metallic bond

d)

hybrid bond

101.

A solid that has a high melting point, is soluble in water, and a conductor in an aqueous solution is a(n)

a)

covalent network solid.

b)

ionic solid.

c)

covalent molecular solid.

d)

metal.