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All about Cells

Total questions: 84

Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Chloroplasts in plant cells allow the plant to perform a function that animal cells cannot do.  What is the main function of the chloroplasts found in plant cells?
a)
to absorb light energy and manufacture food
b)
to remove waste materials by active transport
c)
to manufacture chemical energy from food
d)
to control the shape of the cell
2.
What is the function of a cell wall?
a)
to protect and support the cell
b)
to perform different functions in each cell
c)
to prevent water from passing through it
d)
to prevent oxygen from entering the cell
3.
A cell is...
a)
the basic unit of structure and function in living organism
b)
an organism
c)
a basic part of everything that we see
d)
found only in animals, not plants
4.
Which of the following are NOT found in animal cells
a)
chloroplasts and cytoplasm
b)
chloroplasts and cell wall
c)
cell wall and cell membrane
d)
mitochondria and nucleus
5.
Which diagram shows a plant cell?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
6.

Why do very active cells have lots of mitochondria?

a)

Mitochondria release energy to power cells

b)

Mitochondria help cells to divide in two

c)

Mitochondria help give the cell their shape

d)

Mitochondria make hormones

7.

What is the structure that contains DNA and directs the cell?

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

central vacuole

c)

cell wall

d)

nucleus

8.

Identify the structure that is indicated by the arrow in the image.

a)

cell wall

b)

central vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

9.
Makes protein for the cell: 
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell Membrane
10.
An Amoeba is a unicellular, animal-like protist that lives in ponds and streams. According to cell theory, where did this cell come from?
a)
another pre-existing amoeba cell.
b)
energy from sun that allowed the protist to reproduce.
c)
a multicellular organism.
d)
the nonliving environment.
11.
Which is NOT part of the Cell Theory
a)
New cells are produced from existing cells
b)
All living things are composed of cells
c)
Only eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
d)
Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in living things
12.

The most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells contain:

a)

Membrane-bound organelles

b)

DNA

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Cytoplasm

13.

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle. Does a prokaryotic cell contain a membrane-bound organelles?

a)

Yes

b)

No

14.

Plant and animal cells are types of ____ cells.

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

15.

Bacteria are:

a)

Unicellular eukaryotes

b)

Multicellular eukaryotes

c)

Unicellular prokaryotes

d)

Multicellular prokaryotes

16.

Which cell type was the first to evolve?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

Animal

d)

Plant

17.

Which cell structure is responsible for maintaining homeostasis by allowing materials in and out of the cell?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Lysosomes

e)

Golgi apparatus

18.

What structure, found in both animal and plant cells, is responsible for storage of water, food, and waste?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Nucleus

d)

Vacuole

e)

Golgi apparatus

19.

Which cell structure is responsible for producing ATP energy?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Nucleus

d)

Golgi apparatus

e)

Cell membrane

20.

Which cell structure is responsible for directing protein synthesis?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Plasma membrane

e)

Lysosomes

21.

Which cell structure produces spindle fibers and aids in cell division?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Centrioles

d)

Cytoplasm

e)

Ribosomes

22.

Shown in purple, what is this cell structure?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Nucleus

e)

Golgi apparatus

23.

What is this cell structure?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosome

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

e)

Vacuole

24.

What are the folds in this cell structure called?

a)

Granum

b)

Pores

c)

Cristae

d)

Thylakoids

25.

What is this cell structure?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Vacuole

d)

Golgi apparatus

e)

Plasma membrane

26.

What is this cell structure?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Chlorophyll

d)

Centriole

27.
Which type of cell is this one?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
28.
Where is the DNA found in a prokaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
c)
attached to the cell wall
d)
attached to the ribosome
29.
One example of a prokaryote is a...
a)
fungus
b)
bacteria
c)
animal
d)
plant
30.
How is homeostasis important to the survival of organisms?
a)
Homeostasis makes organisms grow bigger and taller.
b)
Homeostasis helps organisms locate food.
c)
Homeostasis allows organisms to regulate their temperature.
d)
Homeostasis makes all organisms hibernate.
31.
What type of transport is facilitated diffusion?
a)
Active transport
b)
Passive transport
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Endocytosis
32.
What is Osmosis?
a)
The process of using energy to transport molecules across the plasma membrane.
b)
The process of using large proteins to transport molecules across the plasma membrane.
c)
A molecule that can be dissolved.
d)
The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
33.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
34.
What is the purpose of mitosis?
a)
Create 2 identical daughter cells
b)
Create 4 different gametes
c)
Create a new organism
d)
Create 2 different daughter cells
35.
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?
a)
S phase
b)
G1 phase
c)
Mitosis
d)
Interphase
36.
Disruption of the cell cycle is called
a)
Mutation
b)
Negative Feedback Loop
c)
Cancer
d)
Pathogen
37.
When a plant cell is completing mitosis, what must first be created right before complete division?
a)
Chloroplasts
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Vacuole
d)
Lysosomes
38.
What stage of mitosis is pictured?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
39.
Which stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
a)
G0
b)
G1
c)
S
d)
G2
40.
What is the difference between metaphase and anaphase?
a)
Metaphase is after anaphase
b)
Anaphase has chromosomes lining up and metaphase has them split apart
c)
Metaphase has chromosomes lining up and anaphase has them split apart
d)
Anaphase is after metaphase
41.
What stage of mitosis is pictured?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
42.
What stage of mitosis is pictured?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
43.
The definition of cancer or a tumor is
a)
A mass of cells
b)
An uncontrollable growth of cells
c)
Unregulated cell growth
d)
All of the above
44.

A human body cell has 46 chromosomes. Which diagram represents mitosis in a human body cell?

a)
b)
c)
d)
45.

An animal’s somatic cells contain 2n chromosomes. What happens to the number of chromosomes in the animal’s gametes?

a)

The number is reduced to n by mitosis.

b)

The number is reduced to n by meiosis

c)

The number is increased to 4n by mitosis.

d)

The number is increased to 4n by meiosis.

46.

A cell that starts out with a diploid number of 46 chromosomes and ends up with a haploid number of 23 chromosomes. What process did this cell go through?

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Conjugation

c)

Meiosis

d)

Mitosis

47.

Passive transport moves materials along the concentration gradient from:

a)

High to low concentration

b)

Low to high concentration

48.

If a cell shrinks in a solution, the solution is said to be:

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

49.

If there are more solutes inside a cell in a solution, the solution is said to be:

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

50.

Beaker B demonstrates a ______________ solution.

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

51.

Beaker A represents a ______________ solution.

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

52.

In beaker C, water will _______ the cell.

a)

Enter

b)

Exit

c)

Both exit and enter

53.

In active transport, materials are moved from:

a)

High to low concentration

b)

Low to high concentration

54.

The plasma membrane has a double layer of:

a)

Proteins

b)

Phospholipids

c)

Cellulose

d)

Starches

55.
Enzymes are composed of which macromolecule.
a)
lipids
b)
protein
56.
Some bacteria live in hot springs. Their cells contain enzymes that function best at temperatures of 70 °C or higher. At the temperature of 50 °C, how will the enzymes in these bacterial cells most likely be affected?
Enzymes work best at an optimal temperature.
a)
The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart
b)
The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70 °C. 
57.

The surface area/volume ratio is an important factor for one celled organisms. As a cell's volume grows, its surface area/volume ratio decreases, making it harder and harder to acquire enough nutrients via diffusion. Because of this, cells stop growing after reaching a certain size. After reaching this state, a one celled organism is likely to...

a)

enter into a spore state.

b)

continue to grow until it is so big it bursts.

c)

use mitosis to divide and create daughter cells.

d)

stop eating so that it shrinks and its surface area/volume ratio grows.

58.

Which process describes the ATP-requiring movement of extremely large substances out of a cell in pockets called vesicles?

a)

exocytosis

b)

endocytosis

c)

phagocytosis

d)

passive transport

59.

Shaquan placed a potato slice in salt water. After some time he noticed that the slice of potato became limp. Why did this happen to the potato slice?

a)

The potato was getting old.

b)

The potato cells lost water to the surroundings.

c)

The potato cells gained water from the surroundings.

d)

The potato cells had no exchange of materials with the environment.

60.

Water's unique properties result from the fact that water...

a)

has such a small molecular mass.

b)

is a polar covalent molecule.

c)

is a small ionic compound.

d)

has a neutral pH.

61.

A plant has been removed from its natural environment and placed into a body of water that contains a higher concentration of salt than the inside of each plant cell. The plant promptly wilts. This situation is most similar to which event?

a)

seaweed put into fresh water

b)

a land plant put into tap water

c)

a freshwater plant put into seawater

d)

a freshwater plant put into distilled water

62.

Some molecules are too big to pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. These molecules need to pass through ________________ that are embedded in the cell membrane.

a)

proteins

b)

ribosome

c)

cell wall

d)

carbohydrates

63.

In nerve cells the sodium-potassium pump is used to generate gradients of both sodium and potassium ions to propagate electrical signals that travel along nerves. This is a(n)...

a)

example of phagocytosis.

b)

active transport mechanism.

c)

passive transport mechanism.

d)

example of movement with the concentration gradient.

64.

Algal cells are placed in an isotonic solution. Additional amounts of solutes are slowly added to the solution. What happens to the cells?

a)

They will begin to swell.

b)

They will burst.

c)

They will stay the same.

d)

They will shrink.

65.

A patient has had a serious accident and loses a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water, equal to the volume of blood lost, is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?

a)

The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid is hypotonic compared to the cells.

b)

The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid is hypotonic compared to the cells.

c)

The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid is hypertonic compared to the cells.

d)

The patient's red blood cells will burst because the blood fluid is hypertonic compared to the cells.

66.
What structure of the cell forms a frame that holds the cell up in the cytoplasm?
a)
centrioles 
b)
cell wall 
c)
flagella 
d)
cytoskeleton 
67.

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?

a)

All living things are made of cells.

b)

All cells come from other preexisting cells.

c)

Cells form through spontaneous generation.

d)

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.

68.
I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
mitochondrion
d)
golgi apparatus
69.
You might think of me as the trash collector, but recycler is maybe more accurate. What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosome
c)
vacuole
d)
ribosome
70.
What is the gel-like substance inside of cells called?

a)
photoplasm
b)
photosynthesis
c)
cytoskeleton
d)
cytoplasm
71.
a)
Cell membranes are fluid and able to stretch and move as needed. 
b)
Cell membranes are composed of cellulose which make them rigid.
c)
Cell walls control the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
d)
Cell walls are constructed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded. 
72.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
73.
In which phase does the cell spend most of it's life?
a)
Interphase
b)
Nuclear Division
c)
Telophase
d)
Mitosis
74.
DNA will condense into...
a)
Centromeres
b)
Chromosomes
c)
Nuclei
d)
Spindle fibers
75.
The process by which the nuclear material is divided equally between two new cells
a)
mitosis
b)
cancer
c)
spindle
d)
centromere
76.
Structure A refers to the _____.
a)
chromatid
b)
chromosome
c)
centromere
77.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have -
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
78.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
79.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
80.

Mitosis in animals creates which kind of cells

a)

Diploid

b)

Haploid

c)

Gametes

d)

Somatic

81.

An animal's sperm has 100 chromosomes. Its body cells have

a)

50 chromosomes

b)

100 chromosomes

c)

200 chromosomes

d)

1000 chromosomes

82.
Structure (c) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
83.

If a cell has 20 chromosomes and under goes mitosis twelve times how many chromosomes will the daughter cell have?I

a)

20

b)

40

c)

240

d)

10

84.

The hydrophilic head of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

a)

Loves, polar

b)

Loves, nonpolar

c)

Hates, polar

d)

Hates, nonpolar

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