Worksheetschap 6 path week 3
Total questions: 58
Worksheet time: 29mins
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Lobule
Nephron
Glomerulus
Ureterocele
In an average person, the nephrons filter about _____ L of water out of glomerular blood each day.
2
10
80
190
Where does the formation of urine begin?
Nephrons
Bowman’s capsule
Glomerulus
Distal convoluted tubule
Which of the following stimulates the rate of red blood cell production?
Erythropoietin
Angiotensin
Renin
Aldosterone
A miniature replica of a kidney is termed:
ectopic kidney.
hypoplastic kidney.
compensatory hypertrophy.
supernumerary kidney.
A rare anomaly in which a kidney fails to develop is called:
unilateral renal agenesis.
hypoplastic kidney.
compensatory hypertrophy.
supernumerary kidney.
What term is applied to an acquired condition that occurs when one kidney is required to do the job of two?
Supernumerary kidney
Crossed ectopia
Compensatory hypertrophy
Hypoplastic kidney
A rare anomaly in which there is a third, rudimentary kidney is termed:
an ectopic kidney.
compensatory hypertrophy.
hypoplastic kidney.
supernumerary kidney.
What is an ectopic kidney?
a third, rudimentary kidney
A kidney that is not located in the normal location
A kidney that is enlarged because it has to do the job of both kidneys
A kidney that is enlarged because it has to do the job of both kidneys The most common type of fusion anomaly
What is the most common type of fusion anomaly?
Horseshoe kidney
Crossed ectopia
Doughnut kidney
Unilateral renal agenesis
When the kidneys are fused at their lower poles, they are termed a(n):
doughnut kidney.
lump kidney.
horseshoe kidney.
ectopic kidney.
A cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the urinary bladder is called a:
ureterocele.
pyelonephritis.
ureteral aneurysm.
renal cyst.
What is a ureterocele?
A nonsuppurative inflammatory process involving the tuft of capillaries withinthe Bowman’s capsule.
A smaller than normal amount of urine.
A fusion anomaly in which the ureter is directly connected to the kidney.
A cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the urinary bladder.
Which condition is most commonly found in children with ureteral duplication?
Renal cyst
Ureterocele
Papillary necrosis
Staghorn calculus
A nonsuppurative inflammatory process involving the tuft of capillaries within the Bowman’s capsule is called:
ureterocele.
pyelonephritis.
glomerulonephritis.
papillary necrosis.
A smaller than normal amount of urine is termed:
polyuria.
oliguria.
hematuria.
dysuria.
What is oliguria?
A smaller than normal amount of urine
A larger than normal amount of urine
The presence of protein molecules in the urine
The presence of fat molecules in the urine
A suppurative inflammatory process of the kidney and renal pelvis is termed:
glomerulonephritis.
papillary necrosis.
cystitis.
pyelonephritis
Which type of severe infection occurs almost exclusively in diabetic patients and causes acute necrosis of the entire kidney?
Cystitis
Papillary necrosis
Glomerulonephritis
Emphysematous pyelonephritis
What is the most common hospital-acquired infection?
Cystitis
Pyelonephritis
Vasculitis
Tuberculosis
Which imaging modality is the safest and most accurate in detecting renal calculi?
Ultrasound
Excretory urography
Noncontrast helical CT
MRI
What term is applied to a renal calculus that completely fills the renal pelvis?
Pelvolithiasis
Staghorn calculus
Pelvocalcinosis
Nephrocalcinosis
What is nephrocalcinosis?
A condition of calcium deposits within the renal parenchyma
A renal calculus that fills the entire renal pelvis
Excretion of calcium ions in the urine
A severe infection of the renal parenchyma
Calcium deposits within the renal parenchyma are termed:
staghorn calculus.
nephrolithiasis.
nephrocalcinosis.
glomerulonephritis.
What is the cause of hydronephrosis?
Chronic glomerulonephritis
Blockage above the level of the bladder
Staghorn calculus
Aldosterone deficiency
Blockage above the level of the bladder causes dilatation of the renal pelvicalyceal system, which is called:
glomerulonephritis.
cystitis.
hypernephroma.
hydronephrosis.
What population is most likely to develop stones in the urinary bladder?
Children
Young adults
Elderly males
Diabetic persons
What is the most common unifocal mass of the kidney?
Staghorn calculus
Hypernephroma
Nephrocalcinosis
Renal cyst
The most common renal neoplasm is a:
hypernephroma.
nephroblastoma.
pyelocarcinoma.
renal cell sarcoma.
Which of these is a common symptom of a renal neoplasm?
Hydronephrosis
Painless hematuria
Proteinuria
Renal neoplasms are asymptomatic
What is the most common abdominal neoplasm of infancy and childhood?
Hypernephroma
Wilms’ tumor
Polycystic kidneys
Renal cell carcinoma
What condition most commonly occurs in children who are severely dehydrated?
Nephrolithiasis
Glomerulonephritis
Pyelonephritis
Renal vein thrombosis
What is the imaging modality of choice to diagnose renal vein thrombosis?
CT
MRI
US
Excretory urography
Which of the following are causes of enlarged kidneys?
Polycystic renal disease
Renal vein thrombosis
Nephrosclerosis and Polycystic renal disease
Polycystic renal disease and renal vein thrombosis
Which of the following are causes of small kidneys with smooth contours?
Renal vein thrombosis
Nephrosclerosis and renal vein thrombosis
Nephrosclerosis and Chronic glomerulonephritis
Renal vein thrombosis and Chronic glomerulonephritis
The medical term that means to void or empty the bladder of urine is:
incontenience.
continate.
micturate.
uremia.
What term is used to describe an abnormally positioned kidney?
Kidney agenesis
Ectopic kidney
Kidney aplasia
Hypertrophic kidney
Which urinary disease occurs almost exclusively in males and is defined as a thin transverse membrane that causes bladder outlet obstruction and may lead to severe hydronephrosis, hydroureter, and renal damage?
Ureterocele
Posterior urethral valves
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Polycystic kidney disease
Cystitis
Nonsuppurative inflammation of the tuft of capillaries in the Bowman’s capsule
Suppurative infection of the kidneys and renal pelvis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
A destructive condition involving the terminal portion of the renal pyramids
Glomerulonephritis
Nonsuppurative inflammation of the tuft of capillaries in the Bowman’s capsule
Suppurative infection of the kidneys and renal pelvis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
A destructive condition involving the terminal portion of the renal pyramids
Pyelonephritis
Nonsuppurative inflammation of the tuft of capillaries in the Bowman’s capsule
Suppurative infection of the kidneys and renal pelvis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
A destructive condition involving the terminal portion of the renal pyramids
Papillary necrosis
Nonsuppurative inflammation of the tuft of capillaries in the Bowman’s capsule
Suppurative infection of the kidneys and renal pelvis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
A destructive condition involving the terminal portion of the renal pyramids
Glomerulonephritis
Contrast-enhanced CT
Ultrasound
Noncontrast helical CT
MRI
Pyelonephritis
Contrast-enhanced CT
Ultrasound
Noncontrast helical CT
MRI
Acute renal failure
Contrast-enhanced CT
Ultrasound
Noncontrast helical CT
MRI
Kidney stones
Contrast-enhanced CT
Ultrasound
Noncontrast helical CT
MRI
The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron.
t
f
Urine formation begins in the glomerulus.
T
F
A hypoplastic kidney is a small third kidney and a rare developmental anomaly.
T
F
Horseshoe kidney is the most common fusion anomaly of the urinary system.
T
F
Ectopic kidney describes when a kidney fails to develop.
T
F
Ureteroceles are commonly associated with duplicated ureters.
T
F
Chronic cystitis is evidenced radiographically by a decrease in bladder size and wall irregularity.
T
F
Glomerulonephritis is the most common nosocomial infection.
T
F
Urinary calculi are asymptomatic while they are in the kidney.
T
F
Painless hematuria is a common presentation of a hypernephroma.
T
F
Refer to the image below. What developmental anomaly is demonstrated?
Crossed ectopia
Horseshoe kidney
Unilateral renal agenesis
Supernumerary kidney
39. Refer to the image. Note the arrows. What condition is indicated by the arrows in this image of an intravenous urogram?
Ureterocele
Kidney agenesis
Ectopic kidney
Hypertrophic kidney
