WorksheetsGENERAL BIOLOGY 1 (FINAL EXAM)
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 35mins
Which of the following DOES NOT happen during Cytokinesis?
Two daughter cells are formed
A cleavage furrow is formed in animal cells
Sister chromatids are formed
A cell plate is formed in plant cells
Which of the following is NOT part of Gap 2 or G2 Phase?
Centrosome duplication
Synthesis of protein
Duplication of organelles
Preparation for cell division
Which of the following statement is TRUE about the M Phase?
It is also called Karyokinesis
It can last from 12-24 hours
The M phase can either be mitosis or meiosis
There is a very active production of proteins during this phase
Which of the following is TRUE about the cell cycle?
Events that involve cell growth and cell division
It is based on the cell theory that cells come from pre-existing cells
It has Interphase and the M phase
All of the above
What phase in the cell cycle is also called the “resting stage”?
M phase
Interphase
Cytokinesis
.G1 checkpoint
Which of the following occurs in the Gap 0 Phase?
Two daughter cells are formed
The cell ceases to grow and focuses on dividing
The cell duplicates some of its organelles
Cells become inactive
Why are control points important during cell division?
To speed up the process of cell division
To ensure that daughter cells have no defect or errors
To skip the G phase
To add to the number of chromosomes
What is also known as the “restriction point,” which determines if the cell is ready to proceed to cell division?
G1 checkpoint
G2 checkpoint
G0 checkpoint
M checkpoint
Cell division will only proceed to the M phase if this is achieved.
Half of the chromosomes are replicated
DNA is fully replicated
Spindle fibers are produced
Two daughter cells are formed
Why is the M checkpoint important in cell division?
It ensures that each cell has the correct number of chromosomes
It ensures that all chromosomes are attached to the right spindle fibers
It ensures that all chromosomes are properly aligned along the metaphase plate prior to separation
All of the above
What stage of mitosis shows the important role of the structures called kinetochores?
Cytokinesis
Telophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
This is a stage in mitosis where the chromosomes migrate towards the opposite “poles.”
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Telophase
Which of the following is NOT true about meiosis?
It forms diploid daughter cells
It produces two daughter cells
It functions for the production of gamete
It undergoes two divisions
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
The two types of chromosomes are autosomes and sex chromosomes
Sex chromosomes for males are XX
The diploid chromosome number for human cells is 46
Autosomes are also called body chromosomes
What do you call the proteins around which DNA molecules wrap?
Histones
Chromosomes
Chromatins
Centromeres
Nondisjunction can occur if ____ chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis I.
homologous
heterozygous
sex
autosomal
Down syndrome may be detected by ____.
a karyotype from chorionic villi testing
a karyotype from anmiocentesis
a test to detect substances in the maternal blood
all of these
If a segment of a chromosome is present several times more than normal due to unequal crossing-over, it is called ____.
an inversion.
a translocation.
a delection.
a duplication.
A person with Turner syndrome has ____ sex chromosome(s).
zero
one
two
three
A person with Klinefelter syndrome _____.
is a sterile male
is a sterile female
can be either a sterile male or female
in neutral and neither male nor female
A photograph or picture of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs is called a.....
Pedigree
Chromosome chart
Mitotic index
Karyotype
Amniocentesis was performed on a woman. The withdrawn fluid underwent biochemical analysis and the fetal cells were cultured. A karyotype was done.
The child was discovered to have an extra #21 chromosome. What is the diagnosis?
Patau syndrome
Edward syndrome
Down syndrome
Turner syndrome
This refers to the number of sets of chromosomes a cell has.
Karyotype
Kinetochores
Ploidy
Autosomes
Which of the following is TRUE about chromosomes?
It is a tightly-packed DNA molecule found in the cell wall
It has the same size, shape, and appearance in all eukaryotes regardless of the stage
It has two types, namely autosomes and sex chromosomes
It appears as single chromatids known as sister chromatids
A karyotype is an image that shows all of an individual’s chromosomes. Which of the following is TRUE about a normal individual’s karyotype?
It has a haploid number of 46
It has a diploid number of 23
It has a haploid number of 23
None of the above
In humans, a condition called Down Syndrome occurs when there is an extra chromosome. What chromosome number is this found?
Chromosome 23
Chromosome 22
Chromosome 21
Chromosome 24
Why is meiosis described as “reductional division”?
After a single cycle, the parent cells’ chromosome number is equal to that of its daughter cells
It leads to the development of a haploid cell
It produces two daughter cells
It produces four diploid daughter cells
How many major stages does Meiosis have?
1
2
3
4
Which of the following does NOT occur during Stage 1 of Meiosis?
Sister chromatids separate
Chromosome number does not change
Genetic recombination is initiated
A and B
Which of the following occurs in Prophase II?
Spindle fibers separate
Nuclear envelope disappears
Four haploid cells are produced
Chromosomes align at the center
What is the importance of “crossing over” in prophase I of meiosis?
It allows the mother’s genes to mix with the father’s genes
It prevents genetic variation
It allows the traits of the child to be a combination of the father’s and mother’s genes
A and C
Which of the following events occur in telophase I of meiosis?
A tetrad is produced
Spindle fibers separate the tetrads
The chromosomes decondensed
Tetrads are aligned at the center
Which of the following is the CORRECT arrangement of the substages of prophase I of meiosis?
Zygotene-Pachytene-Leptotene-Diakinesis-Diplotene
Prophase-Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase
Leptotene-Zygotene-Pachytene-Diplotene-Diakinesis
Metaphase-Anaphase-Prophase-Telophase
Which stage of prophase I of meiosis forms the synaptonemal complex?
Zygotene
Anaphase
Leptotene
Telophase
Which of the following events in meiosis ensures that no one is alike even among siblings, except in the case of twins?
Assortment of sister chromatids in meiosis II is random
Orientation of each homologous pair during metaphase I is random
Chromosome combination after meiosis I is random
All of the above
Which of the following pairs is CORRECT?
Pachytene: genetic recombination occurs
Leptotene: Tetrad or bivalent is formed
Diakinesis: Synaptonemal complex disappears
Diplotene: Nuclear membrane disintegrates
Each human is unique because of genetic variation. Which of the following events causes this?
Crossing over
Random chromatid assortment
Fertilization
A and B
Which is TRUE about cancer?
It happens when damaged cells do not undergo programmed cell death
It is the result of uncontrolled cell division
It happens when there are abnormalities with cellular regulators
All of the above
Which of the following pairs about numerical aberrations is CORRECT?
Trisomy: Having two sets of chromosomes of the same type
Monosomy: Having only one chromosome of two homologous chromosomes
Monoploidy: Having three sets of chromosomes
Triploidy: Having one chromosome of three homologous chromosomes
This disorder is also known as Trisomy 21. Affected individuals have mental impairment, stunted growth, umbilical hernia, among other systems.
Down syndrome
Patau syndrome
Cri du chat syndrome
Edward’s syndrome
What disorder caused by a numerical aberration is lethal to humans and causes embryos to die?
Patau Syndrome
Triploid Syndrome
Cri du chat Syndrome
Turner Syndrome
Which condition describes Turner Syndrome?
Affected individuals cry like cats
Polydactyly
Webbed neck
Small head
Angelman syndrome is described as caused by a missing portion in chromosome 15. What type of structural aberration is this?
Deletion
Duplication
Translocation
Inversion
Which of the following pairs is CORRECT about Membrane Proteins?
Peripheral proteins: Gate for molecule passage
Integral proteins: Supportive strength
Anchored proteins: Acts as an enzyme in a hydrolysis reaction
Glycoproteins: Tissue formation
The cell membrane also contains sterols such as cholesterol. Which is TRUE about this lipid?
Cholesterol is a type of channel protein
Cholesterol prevents the cell membrane from freezing
Cholesterol has a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
Cholesterol makes the cell membrane fully permeable
Which of the following pairs is CORRECT about phospholipids?
Saturated fatty acids: one double bond
Unsaturated fatty acids: one double bond
Saturated fatty acids: allows plasma membrane to crystallize
Unsaturated fatty acids: allows plasma membrane to crystallize
What part of the cell allows the transport of different materials through different modes of cellular transport?
Nucleus
Vacuoles
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell membrane
What causes the movement of materials inside and outside of the cell in simple diffusion?
Energy in the form of ATP
Existence of a concentration gradient
Carrier proteins
Sodium and Potassium ions
Which is TRUE about facilitated diffusion?
It needs energy to occur
It is an example of active transport
It needs the “help” of channel and carrier proteins to facilitate the process of diffusion
It diffuses only molecules of water across the semipermeable membrane
Which of the following describes a Hypotonic solution?
It is a solution that is LESS concentrated with solute molecules
It is a solution that is MORE concentrated with solute molecules
It is a solution that is in equilibrium with another solution
It is a solution with channel and carrier proteins to facilitate movement
Which of the following is true about the diffusion of water molecules across the cell membrane?
It is termed glycolysis
It is called osmosis
It moves along a concentration gradient
B and C
It is commonly known as ‘table sugar.’
Starch
Sucrose
Glucose
Fructose
The following are functions that carbohydrates and lipids share except:
Structural material
Energy storage
Cell signaling
Nucleic acid component
Arthropods, such as crabs, have very tough exoskeletons composed of which of the following polysaccharides?
Cellulose
Starch
Glycogen
Chitin
Which of the following types of fat is the least healthy?
Saturated fat
Cholesterol
cis-saturated fat
trans-saturated fat
Which of the following cells can store fat molecules?
muscle cell
adipocyte
nerve cell
osteocyte
The following are the components of a phospholipid except:
Phosphate group
Glycerol
Two fatty acid tails
Three fatty acid tails
This is the only protein structure with two definite forms.
Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Quaternary structure
Which protein does not belong in the group?
Keratin
Collagen
Tubulin
Ovalbumin
It is a term that refers to the combination of a nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar.
nucleotide
DNA
nucleoside
polynucleotide
