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fEeTy Midterm Study

Total questions: 42

Worksheet time: 9hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

During cell division, when does DNA replication occur and why is it important?

a)

Before a cell divides, to give the new cells a complete set of DNA

b)

After a cell divides, to give the new cells a complete set of DNA

c)

Before a cell divides, to give the new cells a different set of DNA

d)

After a cell divides, to give the new cells a different set of DNA

2.

Why does cell division over at the beginning of cell division?

a)

All cells need DNA in order to function. It must occur at the beginning of cell division so it can be placed in the new cells.

b)

All cells need RNA in order to function. It must occur at the beginning of cell division so it can be placed in the old cells.

c)

All cells need DNA in order to function. It must occur at the beginning of cell division so it can be placed in the new cells.

d)

All cells need RNA in order to function. It must occur at the beginning of cell division so it can be placed in the old cells.

3.

Which type of cell is produced through sexual reproduction, that has 4 haploid cells, that are genetically different?

a)

Egg or sperm cells, also called the sex cells or gametes

b)

Egg or sperm organelles, also called the sex organelles or gametes

c)

Egg or sperm organs, also called the sex organs or gametes

d)

Egg or sperm blood cells, also called the sex blood cells or gametes

4.

What type of cell is produced through asexual reproduction, resulting in 2 diploid cells, that are genetically identical?

a)

Skin cells because you want all your skin cells to stay genetically identical so that you can grow and not have any changes.

b)

Sex cells because you want all your sex cells to stay genetically identical so that you can grow and not have any changes.

c)

Gametes because you want all your sex cells to stay genetically identical so that you can grow and not have any changes.

5.

Which mutated sequence will not result in a change in the phenotype?

a)

Sequence X, because you need to change the original DNA into mRNA, A -> U, T->A, C<-G, then change it to an amino acid chain. Next, you change the mutated mRNA into the amino acid chain. Finally, you compare the amino acid chains to find out which one is the same, and will not cause a change.

b)

Sequence X, because you need to change the original mRNA into DNA, A -> U, T->A, C<-G, then change it to an amino acid chain. Next, you change the mutated mRNA into the amino acid chain. Finally, you compare the amino acid chains to find out which one is the same, and will not cause a change.

c)

Sequence W, because you need to change the original DNA into mRNA, A -> U, T->A, C<-G, then change it to an amino acid chain. Next, you change the mutated mRNA into the amino acid chain. Finally, you compare the amino acid chains to find out which one is the same, and will not cause a change.

d)

Sequence W, because you need to change the original mRNA into DNA, A -> U, T->A, C<-G, then change it to an amino acid chain. Next, you change the mutated mRNA into the amino acid chain. Finally, you compare the amino acid chains to find out which one is the same, and will not cause a change.

6.

How is the genetic code universal?

a)

DNA codes for the same proteins in different species.

b)

All DNA in all organisms has the same parts to the nucleotide (deoxyribose, phosphate group, and a nucleotide).

c)

All DNA in all organism’s codes for mRNA which codes for proteins, which are the same in all organisms, making it universal.

d)

tRNA codes for the same proteins in different species.

e)

All tRNA in all organisms has the same parts to the nucleotide (deoxyribose, phosphate group, and a nucleotide).

7.

Why is the vacuole larger in plant cells then in animal cells?

a)

It maintains internal pressure for plants

b)

When plants take in water, the vacuole stores it causing the plant to be stronger, or stand better.

c)

When plants release water, the vacuole releases it causing the plant to be stronger, or stand better.

d)

It maintains internal oxygen for plants

e)

It maintains internal temperature for plants

8.

In what process does crossing over occur?

a)

Meiosis because it is sexual reproduction and genes need to be switched to increase genetic variation.

b)

Meiosis because it is sexual reproduction and genes need to be switched to decrease genetic variation.

c)

Mitosis because it is sexual reproduction and genes need to be switched to increase genetic variation.

d)

Mitosis because it is sexual reproduction and genes need to be switched to decrease genetic variation.

9.

What happens in step 1?

a)

DNA is transcribed (changed) into mRNA.

b)

mRNA is transcribed (changed) into DNA.

c)

DNA is translated (changed) into mRNA.

d)

mRNA is translated (changed) into DNA.

10.

At the end of what phase of the cell cycle can a potential problem lead to cancer forming?

a)

G2 because this is the final step of DNA replication, before the cell goes into M phase (prophase, metaphase,anaphase,telophase). So whatever is messed up will then be transferred into the new cells, that will continue to replicate it and cause cancer.

b)

G1 because this is the final step of DNA replication, before the cell goes into M phase (prophase, metaphase,anaphase,telophase). So whatever is messed up will then be transferred into the new cells, that will continue to replicate it and cause cancer.

c)

G3 because this is the final step of DNA replication, before the cell goes into M phase (prophase, metaphase,anaphase,telophase). So whatever is messed up will then be transferred into the new cells, that will continue to replicate it and cause cancer.

d)

G4 because this is the final step of DNA replication, before the cell goes into M phase (prophase, metaphase,anaphase,telophase). So whatever is messed up will then be transferred into the new cells, that will continue to replicate it and cause cancer.

11.

During chemical evolution what needs to occur first for life to form

a)

Synthesis of organic molecules because all livings things are made of C (carbon), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and S (sulfur). So, for life to form they must be put together to create amino acids, which create proteins ( ͝° ͜ʖ͡°)

b)

Synthesis of unorganic molecules because all livings things are made of C (carbon), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and S (sulfur). So, for life to form they must be put together to create amino acids, which create proteins ( ͝° ͜ʖ͡°)

c)

Synthesis of organic molecules because all livings things are made of C (carbon), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and S (sulfur). So, for life to form they must be separated to create amino acids, which create proteins ( ͝° ͜ʖ͡°)

d)

Synthesis of unorganic molecules because all livings things are made of C (carbon), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), P (phosphorus) and S (sulfur). So, for life to form they must be separated to create amino acids, which create proteins ( ͝° ͜ʖ͡°)

12.

Which macromolecule is formed through photosynthesis?

a)

Carbohydrate; Glucose (C6H12O6) is a product of photosynthesis. Glucose is a sugar which makes it a carbohydrate.

b)

Lipid; Glucose (C6H12O6) is a product of photosynthesis. Glucose is a sugar which makes it a Lipid.

c)

Protein; Glucose (C6H12O6) is a product of photosynthesis. Glucose is a sugar which makes it a Protein.

d)

Nucleic Acid; Glucose (C6H12O6) is a product of photosynthesis. Glucose is a sugar which makes it a Nucleic Acid.

13.

How could you best explain uncontrolled cell growth?

a)

A mutation at one of the checkpoints caused the cell to continue to grow causing a cancerous tumor. This is because the checkpoint has a problem & cannot identify it as a cancerous cell

b)

A mutation at one of the stopping points caused the cell to continue to grow causing a cancerous tumor. This is because the checkpoint has a problem & cannot identify it as a cancerous cell

c)

A mutation at one of the death points caused the cell to continue to grow causing a cancerous tumor. This is because the checkpoint has a problem & cannot identify it as a cancerous cell

d)

A mutation at one of the ports caused the cell to continue to grow causing a cancerous tumor. This is because the checkpoint has a problem & cannot identify it as a cancerous cell

14.

To tell if a cell is carrying out cellular respiration, what would be noticed?

a)

Increase in ATP

b)

Decrease in ATP

c)

Increase in lipids

d)

Decrease in lipids

15.

What types of cells do not contain DNA in a nucleus?

a)

Prokaryote, bacteria

b)

Eukaryote, bacteria

c)

Eukaryote, fungi

d)

Eukaryote, fungi, bacteria, prokaryote

16.

Why can water move from the roots of a plant to the stem?

a)

It exhibits cohesive forces

b)

It exhibits incoherent forces

c)

It exhibits loose forces

d)

Gravity

17.

What is the function of enzymes and nucleic acids?

a)

Nucleic acids have the genetic code for protein synthesis, enzymes catalyze chemical reactions.

b)

Enzymes have the genetic code for protein synthesis, nuclei acids catalyze chemical reactions.

c)

Enzymes have the genetic code for chemical synthesis, nuclei acids catalyze protein reactions.

d)

Nucleic acids have the genetic code for chemical synthesis, enzymes catalyze protein reactions.

18.

What is the most accepted explanation of howlife began on Earth?

a)

Organic molecules formed from inorganic compounds

b)

Inorganic molecules formed from organic compounds

c)

Organic compunds formed from inorganic molecules

d)

Inorganic compounds formed from organic molecules

19.

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?

a)

Photosynthesis captures the energy that cellular respiration transform into useable energy

b)

Photosynthesis captures the energy that protein synthesis transform into useable energy

c)

Cellular respiration captures the energy that photosynthesis transform into useable energy

d)

Protein synthesis captures the energy that photosynthesis transform into useable energy

20.

What evidence resulted in the cell theory replacing spontaneous generation?

a)

Microorganisms cannot grow in a broth when they cannot enter the broth

b)

Microorganisms can grow in a broth when they cannot enter the broth

c)

Microorganisms cannot grow in a broth when they can enter the broth

d)

Microorganisms cannot die in a broth when they cannot enter the broth

21.

What happens to a theory if new scientific findings contradict it?

a)

The new evidence is accepted and the theory is changed

b)

The new evidence is declined and the theory is changed

c)

The new evidence is declared hypocritical and the theory is changed

d)

The new evidence is accepted and the theory is the same

22.

Which microscope is the best to use to look at the physical characteristics of an organisms(such as the wings, eye structures)

a)

Dissection microscope

b)

Discreet microscope

c)

Microscope

d)

Telescope

23.

What would be produced duringDNA replicationif the DNA strand was CTAGGT?

a)

GATCCA

b)

GUTCCA

c)

GUTCCU

d)

CUTCCU

24.

What processes allow for the exchange of genetic material, so we are different from our family members?

a)

Crossing over and independent assortment

b)

Crossing under and independent assortment

c)

Crossing over and dependent assortment

d)

Crossing under and dependent assortment

25.

What structures are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

a)

Ribosomes, lysosomes, and cell membrane

b)

Lysosomes, & cell membrane

c)

Ribosomes & cell membrane

d)

Cell membrane

26.

What are the principles of the cell theory?

a)

All cells come from preexisting cells, Cells are the basic unit of life, and all living things are made of cells

b)

All cells come from future cells, Cells are the basic unit of life, and all living things are made of cells

c)

All cells come from preexisting cells, Cells are the complex unit of life, and all living things are made of cells

d)

All cells come from future cells, Cells are the complex unit of life, and all living things are made of cells

27.

What property of water allows it to carry `nutrients and gases, in the blood, that help the human body?

a)

Ability to dissolve many compounds

b)

Ability to solve many compounds

c)

Ability to complexity many compounds

d)

Ability to expan many compounds

28.

Compare and contrast active and passive transport.

a)

Active transport - Requires energy and moves molecules from low concentration to high concentration.


Passive transport - Does not require energy, and moves molecules form high concentration to low concentration.

b)

Active transport - Requires no energy and moves molecules from low concentration to high concentration.


Passive transport - Requires energy, and moves molecules form high concentration to low concentration.

c)

Active transport - Requires no energy and moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration.


Passive transport - Requires energy, and moves molecules form low concentration to high concentration.

d)

Active transport - Requires energy and moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration.


Passive transport - Requires no energy, and moves molecules form low concentration to high concentration.

29.

Why does active transport require energy?

a)

Since active transport is moving the molecules to a higher concentration, it needs energy, that side does not want no more molecules, so it forces it in.

b)

Since active transport is moving the molecules to a lower concentration, it needs energy, that side does not want no more molecules, so it forces it in.

c)

Since active transport is moving the molecules to a higher concentration, it needs energy, that side wants more molecules, so it takes it in.

d)

Since active transport is moving the molecules to a lower concentration, it needs energy, that side wants more molecules, so it takes it in.

30.

Why does active transport not require energy?

a)

There are less molecules on the other side so that side welcomes the new molecules.

b)

There are more molecules on the other side so that side takes the new molecules.

c)

There are more molecules on the other side so that side welcomes the new molecules.

d)

There are less molecules on the other side so that side takes the new molecules.

31.

How was the cell theory developed?

a)

It is a well tested explanation and is a culmination of observations made by many scientists

b)

It is a poor tested explanation and is a culmination of observations made by many scientists

c)

It is a well tested explanation and is a culmination of ideas made by many scientists

d)

It is a poor tested explanation and is a culmination of ideas made by many scientists

32.

What is the molecule for energy?

a)

ATP

b)

mRNA

c)

DNA

d)

tRNA

33.

Why is mitosis important?

a)

Genetic information is conserved, creating identical cells

b)

Mitosis allows us to grow and heal when hurt.

c)

Mitosis allows us to breathe

d)

Mitosis helps the heart beat

e)

Mitosis helps us walk

34.

How is genetic information conserved during DNA replication?

a)

The new DNA strands have an original DNA strand and a new strand. To create new DNA molecules they have to have the original strand with the new strand.

b)

The new mRNA strands have an original mRNA strand and a new strand. To create new mRNA molecules they have to have the original strand with the new strand.

c)

The new tRNA strands have an original tRNA strand and a new strand. To create new tRNA molecules they have to have the original strand with the new strand.

d)

The new DNA strands have an original DNA strand and a old strand. To create new DNA molecules they have to have the original strand with the old strand.

35.

Which type of cells are produced in mitosis and meiosis?

a)

Mitosis - skin cells that are diploid (same chromosome number)

Meiosis - gametes that are haploid (half the number of chromosomes)

b)

Meiosis - skin cells that are diploid (same chromosome number)

Mitosis - gametes that are haploid (half the number of chromosomes)

c)

Mitosis - skin cells that are haploid (same chromosome number)

Meiosis - gametes that are diploid (half the number of chromosomes)

d)

Mitosis - skin cells that are diploid (half the number of chromosomes)

Meiosis - gametes that are haploid (same number of chromosomes)

36.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Glucose and oxygen

b)

Glucose and carbon dioxide

c)

carbon dioxide and oxygen

d)

Apples and oxygen

37.

What happens when more crops are genetically modified?

a)

The genetically modified crops decrease genetic diversity

b)

The genetically modified crops increase genetic diversity

c)

The genetically modified crops maintain genetic diversity

d)

The genetically modified crops take genetic diversity

38.

Summarize transcription and translation.

a)

DNA is transcribed into a code that is carried by RNA, which is translated into a protein

b)

RNA is transcribed into a code that is carried by DNA, which is translated into a protein

c)

DNA is transcribed into a protein that is carried by RNA, which is translated into a code

d)

RNA is transcribed into a protein that is carried by DNA, which is translated into a code

39.

What is difference between plant and animal cell?

a)

Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole while animal cells do not

b)

Animals cells have a cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole while animal plants do not

c)

Plant cells have a cell wall & central vacuole while animal cells do not

d)

Plant cells have a cell chloroplast & central vacuole while animal cells do not

40.

What is the benefit of crossing over?

a)

It allows the daughter cells to be genetically different

b)

It allows the daughter cells to be genetically similar

c)

It allows the daughter cells to be genetically dead

d)

It allows the daughter cells to be genetically happy

41.

In which process are the chemical bonds in glucose converted into ATP, to provide energy to living things?

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Protein Synthesis

c)

Cellular Synthesis

d)

Protein Respiration

42.

Does lIPeY WiPpy love fEeTy 2.0?

┐(͠≖ ͜ʖ͠≖)┌

a)

Yes!

( ✧≖ ͜ʖ≖)

b)

Of Course! ╲/( ͡⎚ ͜U ͡⎚)/\

c)

Obviously!

( ͡◉◞ ͜ʖ◟ ͡◉)