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WorksheetsExplaining gender
Total questions: 36
Worksheet time: 23mins
What is gender ?
Male or female
Gender is seen on a spectrum, this can vary from one another and even throughout your lifetime, rather than a binary construct (being either masculine or feminine)
What is biological sex?
Male or female
non binary
What is non binary?
do not identify as masculine or feminine
identify as masculine or feminine
What is androgynous?
Both masculine and feminine
Masculine
feminine
What is gender typical?
Gender identity that matches your biological sex
Gender identity that does not match your biological sex
What is gender atypical?
Gender identity that does not match your biological sex
Gender identity that matches your biological sex
What is gender dysphoria?
Where a person feels discomfort with the gender they were assigned at both
Where a person feels comfort with the gender they were assigned at both
What is binary?
Only masculine or feminine
do not want to identify with a gender
What is gender fluid?
Not having a fixed gender
Having a fixed gender
What is gender schema?
Expectations and beliefs of gender priming
Expectations and beliefs of gender from experiences
What is femininity?
Characteristics associated with being female
Characteristics associated with being male
What is masculinity?
Characteristics associated with being female
Characteristics associated with being male
Cognitive explanations for gender
Gender comes from the information we process (beliefs and schemas)
Gender comes from the group's we hang out with
Gender comes from reward and punishment
Is gender consistent behaviour remembered more when it fits our schemas?
Yes
No
Cognitive approach suggests that confirmation biases works to reinforce the schema you have for gender, anything a gets ignored or distorted, true or false?
False
True
What is Bem's schema theory (GST) ? (3 answers)
how masculine/feminine a person previews them self to be
2 years old we learn gender related schema
women's/men's roles
Attach no significance to gender roles
Gender schematic is?
Behave consistent with gender schemas
Behave inconsistent with gender schemas
What is gender aschematic?
little to no significance attached to gender
it's important to attach significance to gender
What does Martin and Halverson's gender schema theory state?
(3 correct answers)
Gender schema fits with our memories
congruent information is based on gender schemas stored
Gender inconsistent information will be distorted to fit gender schema
Gender schemas are ignored as it's all about the social circles you are in
The learning approach conducted a study were a baby was named X, why?
To see if adults would change their behaviour depending if baby X was dressed in pink or blue
To see if adults would change their behaviour depending on the name of the baby
To see if adults preferred a baby dressed in pink or blue
To see if adults would change their happiness knowing the sex of the baby
What does the learning approach say about gender? (choose TWO)
Operant conditioning explains gender through reinforcement
Nurture is the major force that leads to gender identity
Nature is the major force that leads to gender identity
Classical conditioning explains gender through reinforcement
Which 3 ways does Operant conditioning explain gender?
Rewards and punishment for appropriate/ inappropriate behaviour
Differential reinforcement
Block (1978)
Vicarious learning
Which 4 ways does social learning theory explain gender?
Direct reinforcement
Modelling/imitation
Vicarious learning
Identification
Association
Which 3 ways does the social approach explain gender
Conform to group norms
Stereotyping
NSI/ISI
schemas
nature over nurture
Social approach suggests peer influences gender greatly at two stages; childhood and adolescence, true or false?
True
false
Influences of gender at the childhood stage happens how? according to the social approach
Self identification and more time with own gender
Self identification and less time with own gender
Non-identification to a group and more time with own gender
A child will stereotype their peers and develop negative feelings for tham
Influences of gender at the adolescence stage happens how? according to the social approach
Peer influences/comparison to others
Dislike of socialisation
Peer influences are not important as they don't compare themselves to others
Schemas impact choices made here
Why do people conform to gender roles according to the social approach?
felt pressure due to NSI
felt pressure due to ISI
How does the biological approach explain typical and atypical gender? (choose 2)
Sex hormones
evolution
brain structures
classical conditioning
Does the SRY gene determine if the foetus will be a boy?
Yes
NO
What study helped to confirm nature over nurture when deciding your gender identity?
David Reimer
Skinner
Pavlov
Bandura
is masculine behaviour explains by having high levels of testosterone?
Yes
NO
Is feminine behaviour explained by a lack of testosterone?
Yes
No
What is CAH
Female foetus exposed to too much testosterone, show more masculine behaviour and can show signs of gender dysphoria
Female foetus exposed to too little testosterone, show less masculine behaviour and can show signs of gender dysphoria
What is CIAS
Male foetus, immune to testosterone, show more feminine behaviour, prefer to identify as female
Male foetus, with too much testosterone, show little feminine behaviour, but still want to identify as female
In which TWO ways does the evolutionary theory explain gender?
Dominant male theory
EEA
Dominant female theory
ABC
