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Unit 3 Review - Nuclear Chemistry

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 2hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The splitting of a nucleus into smaller nuclei is
a)
fusion
b)
fission
c)
half-life
d)
gamma radiation
2.

In which type of reaction do two lighter nuclei combine to form one heavier nucleus?

a)

combustion

b)

ionization

c)

nuclear fission

d)

nuclear fusion

3.

____ is the process by which an unstable nucleus emits a particle or energy.

a)

Radiation

b)

Radioactivity

c)

Decay series

d)

Chain reaction

4.

A stable nucleus will have a ratio of ____ (n0:p+) if it is a low atomic number, or a ratio of ____ (n0:p+) if it is a high atomic number.

a)

1.5:1, 1:1

b)

1:1, 1:2

c)

1:1, 2:1

d)

1:1, 1.5:1

e)

1.1, 1:1.5

5.

Which of the following is an example of alpha decay?

a)

C-14 emits an electron and N-14

b)

U-238 emits He-4 and Th-234

c)

Lu-175 emits Lu-175 and a photon

6.

Beta decay occurs when ___.

a)

a nucleus spits out a helium nucleus plus a daughter nucleus

b)

a neutron is converted into a proton + electron, and the electron is emitted from the nucleus at a very high speed

c)

energy in the form of a photon is released from the nucleus

d)

radon gas decays into polonium

7.

The minimum amount of matter necessary to sustain a runaway chain reaction is known as ___.

a)

molar mass

b)

critical mass

c)

nuclear mass

d)

required mass

8.

Successive decays that eventually result in the production of a stable nucleus is known as a ___.

a)

Reaction series

b)

Radiation series

c)

Nuclear series

d)

Decay series

9.

What occurs in BOTH fusion and fission reactions?

a)

Small amounts of energy are converted into large amounts of matter.

b)

Small amounts of matter are converted into large amounts of energy.

c)

Heavy nuclei are split into lighter nuclei.

d)

Light nuclei are combined into heavier nuclei.

10.

The purpose of "enriching uranium" was to:

a)

obtain a higher percentage of fissionable U-235

b)

make uranium atoms more stable

c)

capture neutrons before they collide with more uranium atoms

d)

increase the amount of ionizing radiation produced during fission reactions

11.

What is emitted during Beta Decay?

a)

A high-energy Electron

b)

A helium nucleus

c)

A proton

d)

A high energy wave

12.
Has the symbol
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta 
c)
Gamma
13.
Has the symbol
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta
c)
Gamma
14.
Has the symbol
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta
c)
Gamma
15.

Consists of 2 neutrons and 2 protons

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

16.

Which type of nuclear radiation is being emitted here?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

17.

What is emitted during Alpha Decay?

a)

A high-energy Electron

b)

A helium nucleus

c)

A proton

d)

A high energy wave

18.

Which type of nuclear radiation is being emitted here?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

19.

Which type of nuclear radiation is being emitted here?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

20.

Which can be stopped by your skin?

a)

alpha particles

b)

beta particles

c)

gamma radiation

21.

Which might you breathe in if you spend time in a basement that has high levels of Radon?

a)

alpha particles

b)

beta particles

c)

gamma radiation

22.

Arrange in order of INCREASING ability to penetrate matter.

a)

Beta, gamma, alpha

b)

Alpha, gamma, beta

c)

Gamma, beta, alpha

d)

Alpha, beta, gamma

23.
What happens to the atomic number during alpha decay?
a)
The atomic number decreases by 4
b)
The atomic number increases by 1
c)
The atomic number decreases by 2.
d)
The atomic number stays the same.
24.

What is the product of the ALPHA decay of Gold-175? (the atomic # of gold is 79)

a)

Ir-171

b)

Tl-179

c)

Au179

d)

Au171

25.

Which of the following completes the following equation:

146C --> ________ + 0-1e

a)

145B

b)

146C

c)

147N

d)

42He

26.

Which of the following remains once Cobalt-60 undergoes GAMMA decay?

a)

Cobalt-60

b)

Copper-62

c)

Manganese-56

d)

Nickel-60

27.

Which of the following remains once Bismuth-214 undergoes ALPHA decay?

a)

Bismuth-210

b)

Bismuth-214

c)

Thallium-210

d)

Polonium-210

28.

Which of the following remains once Copper-66 undergoes BETA decay?

a)

Copper-30

b)

Cobalt-62

c)

Copper-66

d)

Zinc-66

29.
Nuclear power uses ____ for fuel.
a)
steel
b)
coal
c)
uranium
d)
hydrogen
30.
_________ happens naturally due to an unstable nucleus.
a)
fission
b)
fusion
c)
radioactive decay
d)
K-capture
31.
The splitting of a nucleus into smaller nuclei is
a)
fusion
b)
fission
c)
decay
d)
gamma radiation
32.
What is a chain reaction?
a)
When electrons are emitted causing electricity
b)
When a nuclear fission reaction occurs, the protons emitted can strike other nuclei in the sample, and cause them to split
c)
When a nuclear fission reaction occurs, the neutrons emitted can strike other nuclei in the sample, and cause them to split
d)
When a nuclear fission reaction occurs, the electrons emitted can strike other nuclei in the sample, and cause them to split
33.
An example of an uncontrolled fission reaction is _______________
a)
Nuclear power plants
b)
Radio active decay
c)
Atomic Bomb
d)
On the surface of the sun
34.
Where does fusion occur naturally?
a)
Underwater
b)
All around us
c)
In the radioactive waste
d)
On the sun
35.
What do  control rods do in a nuclear reactor?
a)
Regulate the rate of reaction  by absorbing and slowing neutrons
b)
Produce electricity
c)
Produce neutrons to increase the rate of reaction
d)
Reduce heat produced by the uranium rods
36.
Nuclear energy uses _____ to turn turbines to power a generator.
a)
wind
b)
water
c)
steam
d)
solar
37.
One disadvantage of nuclear energy is ___.
a)
it is a fossil fuel
b)
it leaves behind radioactive waste
c)
it emits large amounts of pollution into the atmosphere
d)
there are no disadvantages
38.
Isotopes of the same element have different ____________. 
a)
 numbers of protons  
b)
numbers of electrons
c)
 symbols 
d)
numbers of neutrons
39.
When does radioactive decay occur?
a)
When the nucleus of an isotope is unstable
b)
When the nucleus of an isotope is stable
c)
When the electrons of an isotope are spinning
d)
When the electrons of an isotope are shared with another isotope
40.
Takes two small nuclei and combines them into a larger nucleus
a)
fission
b)
fusion
41.
How do nuclear power-plants work?
a)
Fusion
b)
Half-life
c)
Fission
d)
Fusion or fission
42.
Complete the nuclear equation and determine the type of decay that is occurring in this reaction. 
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none
43.
Alpha particles have a _____ charge.
a)
+2
b)
0
c)
+4
d)
-1
44.
The beta particle has a charge of ...........
a)
+1
b)
-1
c)
0
d)
+2
45.
Which atoms combine together during fusion reaction on the sun?
a)
Helium and Hydrogen atoms
b)
Hydrogen atoms
c)
Hydrogen and Lithium atoms
d)
Hydrogen and Carbon atoms
46.
In order of most to least penetrating radiation we have
a)
Alpha , Beta,  Gamma
b)
Beta , Gamma , Alpha
c)
Gamma, Beta, Alpha
d)
Gamma, Alpha, Beta
47.
What were the two names of the atomic bomb bombs used in WW2
a)
Little Girl,Dragon breath
b)
Little boy,Fat man
c)
Big Women,Tiger
d)
Little boy,Fat Father
48.
Requires temperatures of millions of degrees?
a)
Fission
b)
Fusion
49.
Which of the following is true about nuclear fusion?
a)
It is easy to implement.
b)
It produces less energy than nuclear fission.
c)
It produces more energy than nuclear fission.
d)
It has the ability to occur easily in everyday life.
50.

Using the decay of an isotope to find the age of a once-living object [fossil].

a)

carbon dating

b)

alpha particle

c)

gamma ray

d)

half-life

51.

Time necessary for 50% of a radioactive sample to decay.

a)

carbon dating

b)

half-life

c)

alpha particle

d)

gamma ray

52.

Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize for her work with radioactivity?

a)

Lise Meitner

b)

Marie Curie

c)

Jane Goodall

d)

Judy Blume

53.

One type of radioactive device that indicates the intensity of radiation with a clicking sound that increases in frequency as more radiation is present is a(n) ____.

a)

bubble chamber

b)

cloud chamber

c)

electroscope

d)

Geiger counter

54.
If 10 mg of iodine 131 is given to a patient, how much is left after 24 days? The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days.
a)
1.25mg
b)
1.25g
c)
10g
d)
10mg
55.
The half-life of strontium-90 is 25 years. How much strontium-90 will remain after 100 years if the initial amount is 4.0 g?
a)
3.0g
b)
0.25mg
c)
0.3g
d)
0.25g
56.
If the half-life of uranium-232 is 70 years, how many half-lives will it take for 10 g of it to be reduced to 1.25 g?
a)
1 half-life
b)
2 half-lives
c)
3 half-lives
d)
4 half-lives
57.

The diagram shows 32 atoms.

16 of the Red are parent isotopes

16 of the Green are daughter isotopes

How many half-lives have occurred?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

58.
You have 100 grams of radioactive C-14. The half life of C-14 is 5730 years. 
How many grams are left after 1 half life? 
a)
100 grams
b)
25 grams
c)
2 grams
d)
50 grams
59.
What is Half-life?
a)
The amount of time it takes for some of the nuclei in a sample of the isotope to decay
b)
The amount of time it takes for half the electrons in a sample of the isotope to decay
c)
The amount of time it takes for half the nuclei in a sample of the isotope to decay
d)
the amount of time it takes to double the nuclei in a sample of the isotope to decay
60.
When nuclei decay, massive amounts of __________ is released.
a)
energy
b)
jello
c)
protons
d)
neutrons
61.

The diagram shows 32 atoms

32 of the Red are the parent isotope

0 of the atoms are daughter isotopes

How many half-lives have occurred?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

62.

Uranium was first discovered when people were mining ___.

a)

gold

b)

silver

c)

copper

d)

lead

63.

The rock containing uranium was called:

a)

pitchrock

b)

pitchblende

c)

uraniumblende

d)

radiorock

64.

Henri Becquerel wrapped ___ in dark paper and putting a chunk of rock containing uranium on top of it.

a)

photographic film

b)

a digital camera

c)

a thin piece of silver

d)

a window

65.

Henri Becquerel then placed everything in sunlight. After unwrapping it, he noticed that the photographic film was "exposed". It was as if sunlight shined directly on it. This was ___ since the photographic film was COVERED with dark paper.

a)

impossible

b)

a reasonable explanation

66.

So Becquerel concluded that ____ must be absorbing the sunlight and transferring this energy to the photographic film through the paper!

a)

the paper

b)

the rock containing uranium

67.

To test this, Becquerel wrapped a new piece of film in paper and put the uranium containing rock on top once again. He was going to put it on the window ledge but noticed that it was…

a)

cloudy out, so he left it on the ledge anyway

b)

cloudy out, so he put it in a dark drawer

c)

sunny out, so he put it on the ledge in the sunlight

68.

Becquerel took the film wrapped in paper with the rock on top out of the drawer, unwrapped it, and noticed that it had been exposed once again, despite being in a dark drawer! He realized the energy required to expose the film:

a)

definitely came from sunlight and had nothing to do with the rock

b)

came from the rock itself and had nothing to do with sunlight

69.

Becquerel's FINAL conclusion was that:

a)

the rock released its own energy that exposed the film, even when it was in the dark

b)

the rock absorbed the sun's energy and then transferred it to the photographic film days later

c)

the rock had nothing to do with the change on the photographic film

70.

Years later, scientists finally understood what caused the rock containing uranium to expose the film. They realized that it contained atoms of ____.

a)

Uranium-238

b)

Thorium-234

c)

Helium-4

d)

Lead-207

71.

The nucleus of these U-238 atoms were ____ and underwent radioactive decay.

a)

stable

b)

unstable

72.

These unstable atoms of Uranium-238 can be represented with the following analogy:

a)
b)
c)
73.

These unstable atoms of Uranium-238 underwent radioactive decay and changed into a more stable atom which can be represented by:

a)
b)
c)
74.

The U-238 atoms changed into ___ during the decay process.

a)

more stable atoms of Thorium

b)

more stable atoms of Uranium

c)

more UNstable atoms of Thorium

75.

As the unstable atoms of Uranium-238 decayed, they released radiation which can be represented by:

a)
b)
c)

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