WorksheetsBiology review of DNA, RNA , protein synthesis and mRNA vaccines
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 51mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
2.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
3.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
4.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
5.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
6.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
7.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
8.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
9.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
10.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
11.
What is a gene?
a)
A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into
b)
something inside the nucleus
c)
a piece of DNA
d)
all of your DNA
12.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
13.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
14.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
15.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
16.
The 'fathers' of DNA are....
a)
Mendel & Crick
b)
Watson & Crick
c)
Simon & Garfunkel
d)
Watson & Simon
17.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
18.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
19.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of cytosine
20.
Which type of RNA takes the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
RNA polymerase
21.
What is the template for mRNA?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
proteins
22.
What is the product of translation?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
proteins
23.
What is the product of transcription?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
proteins
24.
A/an ________ is an injection of a weakened form of a pathogen to help the individual gain immunity from a disease.
a)
Virus
b)
Vacuum
c)
Vaccine
d)
Antibiotic
25.
The immune system reacts to a virus by producing ______________.
a)
antacids
b)
antibodies
c)
antidotes
d)
antihistamines
26.
The ______________ of a virus allows it to attach to human cells and infect them.
a)
envelope protein
b)
lipid membrane
c)
RNA
d)
spike protein
27.
The ‘m’ in mRNA stands for ______________.
a)
master
b)
messenger
c)
micro
d)
minor
28.
mRNA vaccines teach human cells how to produce ______________.
a)
a change in the human cells’ own DNA
b)
a weakened version of the actual virus
c)
antibodies to combat the virus
d)
the spike protein of the virus
29.
This diagram is showing
a)
The Covid virus
b)
Ribosomal RNA
c)
Protein synthesis
30.
Which sugar is found in DNA?
a)
The one on the left
b)
The one on the right
c)
Both can be found in DNA
d)
Neither, DNA is a nucleic acid and does not contain sugar
31.
What is occurring in this image?
a)
DNA is being replicated
b)
RNA is being replicated
c)
RNA is being translated
d)
RNA is being transcribed
32.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______.
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
33.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
34.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
35.
What process is going on in this photo?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
All the above
36.
What is the location in the cell for translation?
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosome
d)
chloroplast
37.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
38.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
39.
The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.
a)
cell
b)
nucleotide
c)
nucleus
40.
A small organelle in the cell on which proteins are assembled, It is a type of protein.
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Ribosome
c)
Nucleus
d)
Lysosome
41.
Which statement is describing the process of protein synthesis?
a)
DNA is copied into mRNA which is translated into protein
b)
DNA is copied into DNA
c)
DNA is copied into lysosome
42.
DNA sequence ACCTG produces which mRNA strand?
a)
UGGAC
b)
TGGAC
c)
GTCCA
43.
When an extra base is inserted into the DNA sequence of a gene, the protein doesn't work. Which explains why?
a)
the base increases rate of translation
b)
the base causes DNA to be transcribed in opposite direction
c)
the inserted base causes the codons in the sequence to be incorrect for the desired protein
d)
the base signals enzymes to translate DNA rather than RNA
44.
One human disease is caused by a change in one codon in a gene from GAA to GUA. The disease is a result of
a)
a mutation
b)
crossing-over
c)
a meiosis error
d)
polyploidy
45.
Which process?
a)
mutation
b)
transcription
c)
respiration
d)
translation
46.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
47.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
48.
There are a total of ____ different amino acids
a)
20
b)
1
c)
4
d)
unlimited
49.
How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?
a)
20
b)
4
c)
1
d)
3
50.
This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
100 %
