WorksheetsAmerican History Semester 1 Review
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
The Homestead Act allowed Western settlers to
control the best
land on the Great
Plains.
sell their land to
European investors.
determie where the rairoads would build new tracks.
receive land for
free after living on it for five years.
A serious toll was taken on Native Americans from the advancing American settlers, forced movement, and
immigration.
broken treaties.
drought.
the Civil War.
What brought the first wave of settlers to the West?
farming
fur trading
mining
ranching
Which of the following were hardships that early settlers on the Great Plains faced?
too many trees
crowded cities
dangerous factories
scorching summers
The fencing of the open range resulted in
the end of the long cattle drives.
lower demand for beef.
increased sheep herding.
an influx of gold miners.
Settlement of the Great Plains was promoted by the railroads and supported by
the government.
plow manufacturers.
the mining industry.
cattle ranchers.
The confrontation at Wounded Knee began because the government wanted the Lakota Sioux to stop
raiding nearby farms
hunting outside of their reservation.
violating a treaty.
performing the Ghost Dance.
Native Americans who roamed vast distances were considered
trappers.
miners.
nomads.
farmers.
The Chisholm Trail was a trail that
Lewis and Clark
mapped on their
journey to the
Pacific Ocean.
cowboys used to
drive cattle to a
railroad line.
wagon trains
followed through
the Rocky
Mountains.
Native Americans
traveled on their
forced westward
migration.
A glut of wheat on the world market led to
falling wheat
prices paid to
farmers.
an increase in the
number of
bonanza farms.
an increased
general demand
for wheat.
construction of
new railroad lines.
During the 1800s, companies generally paid women less than men because they
believed women
would soon leave
to have children
could not do as
much work as men.
could live on less
money than men.
had men to
support them.
As the nation was industrializing, Congress used tariffs to
raise money to
operate the
government.
entice Europeans
to buy American
products.
raise the prices
that Europeans
would pay for
American products.
help American
industries compete with European
manufacturers.
Workers who tried to organize a union or strike were often fired and placed on a list
of “troublemakers” called the
outlist.
strikelist.
blacklist.
unionist.
One reason for America’s industrial success was its
access to oceans.
wide open spaces.
abundant raw materials.
small workforce.
What type of business does not produce anything itself?
a stock fund
a monopoly
a corporation
a holding company
A steel company that owns the coal mines, limestone quarries, and iron ore fields it
depends on is an example of
capital integration.
business integration
vertical integration
stock integration
By the early 1900s, Americans had transformed the United States into the world’s
leading
industrial nations.
gross national product.
laissez-faire country
military establishment
Supporters of laissez-faire believed the government should interfere in the economy
only to
bring the country
out of an economic crisis.
protect property
rights and
maintain peace.
keep prices from
rising too much.
protect new
domestic
businesses from
foreign
competition
Which transcontinental railroad operated without government subsidies and was the
only one not forced into bankruptcy?
Union Pacific
Railroad
Great Northern Railroad
Pennsylvania Railroad
Central Pacific Railroad
Who invented the telephone, which revolutionized both business and personal
communication?
Edwin Drake
Thomas Alva Edison
Alexander Graham Bell
George Pullman
Which of the following African American leaders was particularly concerned with
protecting and exercising voting rights?
Ida B. Wells
W.E. B. Du Bois
Mary Church Terrell
Booker T. Washington
Between 1860 and 1899, an average of 187 lynchings occurred each year, with the
majority in
Northern states
Southern states
Western territories
urban tenements
The failure of the Grange and the Farmer’s Alliance to address the economic
problems farmers faced in the late 1800s led to the formation of the
Patrons of Husbandry
Department of Agriculture
People's Party
American Protective Association
In the late nineteenth century, southern states passed Jim Crow laws in order to
put limits on voting rights.
enforce discrimination.
ban the Populist Party.
protect African Americans.
The Supreme Court case Wabash v. Illinois established the principle that
the federal
government may
not interfere with
corporations.
only the federal
government can
regulate interstate commerce.
railroads are free
to set whatever
rates that they see fit.
only the states can regulate the rates that railroads
charge.
Nativism in the late 1800s was focused on Asian immigrants, Jewish immigrants, and
British immigrants.
eastern European immigrants.
Canadian immigrants.
Scandanavian immigrants.
In the early 1860s, Chinese immigrants came to the United States to
work in factories in Chicago.
work on transcontinental railroad.
escape industrialization in China.
escape religious persecution.
Mary Church Terrell was an African American leader who campaigned against
lynching, worked for woman suffrage, and helped to found the
Exodusters.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
Colored Farmers' National Alliance.
Atlanta Compromise.
Crime was a growing problem in American cities in the late nineteenth century, but
even bigger threats were posed by
overcrowding in tenements.
disease and pollution.
congestion on bsy streets.
political machines.
William M. Tweed was
the leader of the
Workingman’s
Party.
the inventor of the electric trolley car.
the designer of the first skyscraper.
the party boss of a political machine.
To ensure that all nations would have access to China’s markets, President McKinley and Secretary of State John Hay pursued which of the following policies?
dollar diplomacy
imperialism
Open Door policy
the Roosevelt
Corollary
Under the Treaty of Paris, the United States acquired the Philippines, Puerto Rico,
and
Cuba.
Guam.
Panama.
Samoa.
During construction of the Panama Canal, progress was slowed as a result of
President
Roosevelt’s “big
stick” policy
diseases that
sickened workers.
objections in
Congress to the
canal.
Panama’s revolt
against Colombia.
At the Pan-American conference, Secretary of State James G. Blaine wanted to
create a customs union with low tariffs, in the hope that it would
drive profits higher for American and European
manufacturers.
increase the price of American
products in Latin
America
lower the price of
raw materials from Latin America.
turn the Latin
Americans away
from European
products.
In the late 1890s, Russia, Germany, France, and Britain demanded “leaseholds” in
China that would give each country
an advantage over the United States.
a market for
Chinese goods.
a protectorate in
Asia.
a sphere of
influence in China.
Until 1886, about one-third of the population of Cuba was
enslaved.
from England.
from the United States.
part of the Spanish military.
When an imperial power allowed a territory to remain technically independent, with
local rulers remaining in control, the territory was called
a colony.
a protectorate.
a state.
an unincorporated territory.
Under the policy known as “dollar diplomacy,” President Taft supported Latin
American industry in order to increase trade and profits for U.S. business and
exert influence
over the
governments of
Latin American
countries
lift Latin America
countries out of
poverty and social disorder.
prevent European countries from
intervening in Latin America.
protect U.S.
investments in
Latin America from local rebellions.
In 1894 the United States caused an economic crisis in Cuba by
blockading the island.
passing a tariff on sugar.
preventing trade with Spain.
withdrawing American investments.
The United States gained control over the Philippines as a result of
dollar dipolmacy.
the Open Door Policy.
the Pan-American conference
the Spanish-American War
Created in 1914, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) had the power to investigate
companies and issue “cease and desist” orders against engaging in
building
monopolies that
hurt consumers.
illegal practices
such as bribing
officials.
unfair trade
practices that hurt competition.
violation of the
laws protecting
workers.
Woodrow Wilson called his platform of progressive reforms the New Freedom
because he
believed that
regulating business would increase
free enterprise.
emphasized free
enterprise rather
than efficiency
through regulation.
proposed new laws to protect workers from unsafe
conditions.
supported an
active role for the
federal
government in the economy.
Progressives who focused on making government more efficient wanted the heads of
city departments to be selected by a city manager or
a board of commissioners.
the city council.
the mayor.
a political party.
Which of the following events led to the creation of a Factory Investigating
Commission?
the devastating
hurricane in
Galveston, Texas, in 1900
the founding of the NAACP in 1910
the publication of Upton Sinclair’s
The Jungle in 1906
the Triangle
Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911
Under a graduated income tax, a person with a large income
is required to make more frequent tax payments.
pays more income tax than a person with a small
income.
pays less income
tax than a person with a small
income.
receives an exemption for a portion of his or her income.
Through “gentlemen’s agreements” with companies, President Roosevelt sought to
regulate big business without
being criticized by business interests.
breaking up the
trusts
increasing
competition.
protecting the
interests of
consumers.
President Wilson supported banking reform because periodic economic depressions
had destroyed numerous small banks and
caused larger
banks to form
monopolies.
increased public
support for
regulating
business.
required loans
from the federal
government.
wiped out many of their customers’
life savings.
Which of the following best describes a direct primary?
All party members vote for a
candidate to run in the general
election.
All party members vote for delegates to the party’s
convention.
The party’s state
legislators vote for a candidate to run in the general
election.
The party’s state
legislators vote for delegates to the
party’s convention.
Like President Roosevelt, President Wilson expanded both the role of the federal
government and the
importance of the banks.
power of the president.
role of big business.
strength of the economy.
Most Progressives shared a strong faith in
the commitment of politicians to serve the people
foreign trade.
the market’s ability to solve social
problems.
science and technology.
In 1898 Germany began to build a navy to challenge _____ naval strength.
America's
Great Britain's
France's
Spain's
Why did the Russians support the Slavic people against Austria-Hungary?
They belonged to
the same ethnic
group.
They had joined
the Triple Alliance.
They believed in
imperialism.
They were in a
naval arms race.
The first declaration of war in World War I came after
the assassination
of Archduke
Ferdinand
Russia signed a
treaty to support
Austria.
Germany invaded Belgium.
Germany invaded Russia.
As strikes erupted across the United States in 1919, the fear that Communists might
seize power led to the
Red Scare.
Red Nativism.
Red Socialism.
Red Communism.
What country made an offer to the Mexican government proposing that Mexico
become its ally if the United States entered the European war?
Bulgaria
France
Germany
Russia
The National War Labor Board often pressured businesses to
improve working conditions.
increase productivity.
increase work hours
lower wages.
Many Mexican Americans who migrated north to take factory jobs during World
War I settled in their own neighborhoods called
ghettos.
barrios.
convoys.
zones.
Leaders of the woman suffrage movement such as Jane Addams urged President
Wilson to
attack Germany.
attack Russia.
join the Allies.
remain neutral.
To help pay the costs of the war, Congress
encourage meatless Tuesdays.
lowered taxes.
outlawed unions.
sold Liberty Bonds
Trenches were dug during World War I to protect soldiers from
tanks.
airplanes.
artillery fire.
poison gas.
What effect did the automobile industry of the 1920s have on American society?
Workers did not
commute any
more.
The mail delivery
system expanded across the country.
People moved
from the suburbs
to the city.
People could live
farther from their places of work.
In the Teapot Dome scandal, Albert B. Fall received bribes for
allowing private
interests to drill for oil in a national
park
preventing federal prosecution of a
member of the
Ohio Gang
promising
immunity to
businesses who
overcharged the
U.S. Navy.
allowing private
interests to lease
lands containing
U.S. Navy oil
reserves.
Which event publicly debated the subjects of evolution and creationism and their
place in education?
Billy Sunday’s
revivals
the Scope's trial
the Sacco-Vanzetti case
Aimee McPherson's faith healings
A center of creativity and freedom where many artists, writers, and intellectuals of the 1920s gathered was
Boston.
Greenwich Village.
Charlestown.
Haight-Ashbury
Most Americans of the 1920s wanted to avoid future wars by
banning Japan
from the League of Nations.
dividing Germany among the Allies.
avoiding
involvement in
world affairs.
forbidding
Germany to rebuild its armed forces.
Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, and the Cotton Club were all part of the
Black Nationalist Movement.
Great Awakening.
South Side Renaissance.
Harlem Renaissance.
One of the NAACP’s greatest political triumphs occurred in 1930 with the
signing of a law
ending segregation in public schools.
signing of a law
banning
discrimination in
federal jobs.
defeat of an
allegedly racist
judge nominated
for the Supreme
Court.
appointment of an African American
to the Supreme
Court.
The new morality of the 1920s placed a high value on
work.
traditional values.
personal freedom.
wealth.
What system of manufacturing adopted by Henry Ford divided operations into simple tasks and cut unnecessary motion to a minimum?
assembly line
product placement
construction design
apprentice system
Although many of President Harding’s appointments were disastrous, he did appoint
several distinguished cabinet members including the secretary of commerce,
Andrew Mellon.
Herbert Hoover.
Harry Daughtery.
John W. Davis.
During the Great Depression, many farmers who were already under pressure from
debt and falling prices were devastated by
drought and the “Dust Bowl.”
homelessness and “Hoovervilles.”
migration and
repatriation
unemployment and bank closures.
One reason that the stock market crash led to the Great Depression was that in 1929,
the top 5 percent of all American households earned 30 percent of the nation’s income,
an example of
a bull market.
a recession.
overproduction.
an uneven distribution of income.
In the early 1930s, to pay for public works projects that would create enough jobs, the government would have to raise taxes or
borrow money.
lay off federal employees.
print money.
reduce inlation.
A long period of rising stock prices is known as a
bank run.
bull market.
foreclosure.
margin call.
During the Great Depression, many farmers were forced to turn their farms over to
banksthat held their mortgages.
court officers.
government agencies.
nonpaying tenants.
Nicknamed “soap operas” in the 1930s, radio programs such as The Guiding Light
carried over their story lines from
day to day.
exposed listeners
to a variety of
music.
offered
information as
well as
entertainment.
presented the
adventures of
superheroes.
During the stock market crash of October 1929, prices were driven down by
banks being forced to close.
companies being forced out of business.
the government intervening in the market.
investors selling stocks at a frenzied pace.
During the 1930s, dairy farmers in Georgia blocked highways and
protested against
farm foreclosures.
protested low
prices for
agricultural
products.
stopped court
officers from
foreclosing on
farms.
stopped milk
trucks, dumping
the milk into
ditches
The National Credit Corporation tried to rescue troubled banks by allowing them to
continue lending
money in their
communities.
continue offering
direct relief to
impoverished
families.
finance public
works projects.
restructure how
they lent money to the public.
Before the late 1920s, stock prices
did not change much.
generally reflected the stocks' true value.
had little to do with the economy.
were too high for most people to afford.
The Civilian Conservation Corps offered unemployed young men between 18 and 25 years of age the opportunity to work outdoors under the direction of
the forestry service.
the U.S. Army.
environmental organizations.
their state governments.
Economic recovery from the Great Depression would not be complete and unemployment would remain high until
the Wagner Act became law.
deficit spending was stopped.
after World War II.
the end of the Second New Deal.
When President Roosevelt proposed the court-packing plan, Southern Democrats feared new justices would
overturn segregation, while African American leaders worried that
new justices would limit protections
for African
American workers.
the plan would
erode support for New Deal
programs.
future justices
might oppose civil rights.
the plan would
provoke violence in the South.
The Glass-Steagall Act separated commercial banking from investment banking
and barred commercial banks from
offering
investment advice to depositors.
providing
government
insurance for bank deposits.
risking depositors’ money through
stock speculation.
handling everyday banking
transactions.
The Wagner Act set up a process whereby union members could take complaints
about an employer to a neutral party who would listen to both sides and
decide on the issue, called
labor relations.
binding arbitration.
sit-down strikes.
union activism.
Before Franklin D. Roosevelt became president, many state governors declared “bank holidays” in order to
prevent bank runs.
give bank employees time off.
reduce the value of the dollar.
help the Federal Reserve.
Under the National Industrial Recovery Act, business, labor, and the government
were allowed to cooperate in setting up
hiring
requirements for
each industry.
codes of fair
competition.
trusts to promote
competition.
tax regulations for each industry.
President Roosevelt won a landslide reelection victory in 1936, in part because
millions of Americans
owed their jobs
and the safety of
their bank
accounts to the
New Deal.
hoped that
Roosevelt would appoint liberal
justices to the
Supreme Court.
supported
Roosevelt’s
decision to fund
programs with
deficit spending.
believed that the
Great Depression
had come
completely to an
end.
The Home Owners’ Loan Corporation
lengthened the
mortgage
repayment term
and lowered
rates for the
unemployed.
lowered mortgage rates when people lost their jobs and could no longer
pay.
provided low-cost loans to help
homeless people
buy homes.
provided money to help the
unemployed pay
their mortgages.
Congress authorized the Farm Credit Administration to help farmers
purchase new
agricultural
equipment
increase
production with
new farming
methods.
sell land at a fair
price.
refinance their
mortgages.
In 1940, Roosevelt disregarded the tradition George Washington had set by
intervening in a
foreign war.
lending weapons
and other supplies to the Allies.
running for a third term.
calling Congress
into a special
session.
To get resources, the Japanese military invaded
Taiwan.
Korea.
Tibet.
Manchuria.
In presenting his “Four Freedoms,” Roosevelt was trying to
justify America's neutrality.
justify his call for
speeding up
America’s military build-up.
shift public opinion toward entering
the war.
shift public opinion toward helping
Britain.
At Auschwitz, elderly or disabled people, the sick, and mothers and children were
immediately
forced to work as
slave laborers.
sent to another
concentration
camp.
deported to
Germany.
sent to the gas
chambers.
In June 1941, in violation of a non-aggression treaty, Hitler launched a massive invasion of
Austria.
France.
the Soviet Union.
Czechoslovakia.
In order to exterminate Jews more quickly, the Nazis built extermination facilities in a number of concentration camps, mostly in
Germany.
Poland.
France.
Austria.
Members of the Fascist militia that backed Mussolini were known as
storm troopers.
the Gestapo.
kamikazes.
Blackshirts.
Roosevelt used the Lend-Lease Act to
assure the return
of borrowed
American ships.
get around the
requirements of
the Neutrality Act.
bring in revenue
needed for the
American military buildup.
spy on German
U-boat activities.
In the Battle of Britain,
British troops
defeated the
German ground
invasion.
the British sunk
most of the
German ships that crossed the English Channel.
the German air
force destroyed
the Royal Air Force.
the Royal Air
Force saved Britain from invasion.
The Nuremberg Laws
took citizenship
away from Jewish Germans.
required all Jewish Germans to move to concentration
camps
required all Jewish Germans to leave
the country.
authorized German police to shoot
Jewish Germans.
