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9th Sem 1 exam review

Total questions: 155

Worksheet time: 3hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

things left behind by early people

a)

carbon dating

b)

artifacts

c)

maize

d)

migration

e)

nomads

2.

people who move from place to place

a)

carbon dating

b)

artifacts

c)

maize

d)

migration

e)

nomads

3.

movement of a group of people

a)

carbon dating

b)

artifacts

c)

maize

d)

migration

e)

nomads

4.

an early form of corn

a)

carbon dating

b)

artifacts

c)

maize

d)

migration

e)

nomads

5.

way to date artifacts

a)

carbon dating

b)

artifacts

c)

maize

d)

migration

e)

nomads

6.

Where do archaeologists believe early Americans came from?

a)

Atlantis

b)

Asia

c)

Mexico

d)

England

7.

The Ice Age provided access to the Americas through the

a)

Bering Strait.

b)

Atlantic Ocean.

c)

Beringia land bridge.

d)

Alaskan land bridge.

8.

What did early Americans need in order to begin to form communities?

a)

dependable food supply

b)

clay to build homes

c)

money to buy things

d)

ways of protecting themselves

9.

Farming allowed people to spend more time

a)

hunting.

b)

improving their lives.

c)

traveling greater distances.

d)

visiting neighboring tribes.

10.

Why did early humans cross a land bridge from Asia to the Americas?

a)

They wanted to find a better climate.

b)

They were migrating to follow and hunt animals for food.

c)

They were trying to find a new view.

d)

They were exploring to discover gold.

11.

a culture or society

a)

artifact

b)

civilization

c)

tradition

d)

class

12.

special things or ideas passed on to generations

a)

artifact

b)

civilization

c)

tradition

d)

class

13.

another word for farming

a)

agriculture

b)

archeology

c)

adapt

d)

artifact

14.

A person who moves in search of food

a)

migrate

b)

nomad

c)

artifact

d)

theory

15.

The study of ancient people using the things they left behind

a)

history

b)

archeology

c)

agriculture

d)

nomadology

16.

What does "Nomad" mean?

a)

Someone with a permanent shelter

b)

Someone living in a village

c)

Someone who never moves from where they were born

d)

Someone who moves from place to place

17.

This means the beliefs and ways of life of people.

a)

Society

b)

Culture

c)

Snorkeling

d)

Government

18.

What is another term for the Old Stone Age?

a)

Neolithic Age

b)

New Stone Age

c)

Rock Age

d)

Paleolithic Age

19.

Why did people move around during the Paleolithic Age?

a)

They moved around to stay warm

b)

They moved around to find food

c)

They moved around to find their friends

d)

They moved around to stay in shape

20.

One of the most important things created during the Paleolithic Age was:

a)

Religion

b)

Language

c)

Farming

d)

Art

21.
_______________ is the New Stone Age from about 8000 BC to about 4000 BC
a)
Neolithic Age
b)
Paleolithic Age
c)
Current Modern Age
d)
DMS Age
22.
__________________ -farming and growing food
a)
aquaculture
b)
agriculture
c)
honuculture
d)
happyculture
23.
1.  What did the Neolithic Revolution bring about?
a)
a.  Storms
b)
a.  Drought
c)
a.  Agriculture
24.
One Way that farming changed the way people lived was____________________.
a)
They no longer were nomads
b)
Life expectancy was shorter
c)
They had to move around to new farms
25.
During the Neolithic Revolution
a)
People learned to grow food
b)
People migrated to find food
c)
People were nomadic
26.
Nomadic means to
a)
Sleep in tents
b)
Move around frequently
c)
Stay in one place
27.
Mesopotamia is Greek for
a)
fertile crescent
b)
land between 2 rivers
c)
Sumer
d)
Babylon
28.
The area is called the "Fertile Crescent" because
a)
It has good soil for growing crops
b)
it is shaped like a semicircle
c)
it is near 2 rivers and crescent shaped
d)
it's land is good for farming and is semi circle shaped
29.
Mesopotamia's written language was called
a)
cuneiform
b)
heiroglyphs
c)
scribes
d)
ziggurat
30.
If a common man cut out the eye of a common man, what would be his punishment under Hammurabi's Code?
a)
he would have his eye put out
b)
he would be put to death
c)
he would have to pay gold
d)
nothing
31.
On which continent was Mesopotamia located?
a)
Africa
b)
Europe
c)
Asia
d)
Australia
32.
Which civilization was NOT Mesopotamian?
a)
Sumer
b)
Egypt
c)
Babylon
d)
Assyria
33.
Which of these was invented by the Sumerians?
a)
Chariot
b)
Wheel
c)
Cuneiform
d)
all of the above
34.
Hammubi's code is a famous system of laws because it
a)
is  one of the earliest written law codes
b)
led to democracy
c)
had such lenient punishments
d)
led to the world's first rebellion
35.

Which of the following terms describes the lifestyle of early humans moving from place to place looking for food?

a)

Sedentary

b)

Nomadic

c)

Neolithic

d)

Domestic

36.

Where did the earliest complex human civilization begin because it had the best plants and animals?

a)

the island of Britain

b)

the Rocky Mountains

c)

the Fertile Crescent

d)

the Sahara Desert

37.

What did the major early civilizations have in common when it came to their location?

a)

the were all along the sea coast

b)

they were all in the mountains

c)

they were all in Europe

d)

they were all along rivers

38.

Which of the following was a key feature of early civilizations?

a)

Job Specialization

b)

Hunting and Gathering

c)

No Religion

d)

Prisons

39.

Which of the following refers to a religion with many gods?

a)

polytheistic

b)

monotheistic

c)

monochromatic

d)

polydactic

40.

Which King developed an early code of laws that was put up throughout his Empire?

a)

James

b)

Lebron

c)

Hammurabi

d)

Alexander

41.

What was the name for an Egyptian ruler?

a)

emperor

b)

czar

c)

phalange

d)

pharaoh

42.

Which civilization was known for making pyramids and using mummification?

a)

China

b)

India

c)

Egypt

d)

Mesopotamia

43.

Which of the following civilizations was characterized by the Caste System?

a)

Greece

b)

India

c)

China

d)

Mesopotamia

44.

Which of the following terms best refer to the idea of coming back in another form after death?

a)

refurbish

b)

reincarnation

c)

karma

d)

hieroglyphics

45.

What is the name of the Chinese philosopher that came up with a system based on relationships, respect for elders, and being a good student?

a)

Confucius

b)

Buddha

c)

Qin

d)

Ip Man

46.

Which civilization focused on ancestor worship?

a)

Greece

b)

Mesopotamia

c)

China

d)

India

47.

Which civilization was made up of City-States?

a)

Greece

b)

China

c)

India

d)

Persia

48.

Which of the following was adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire?

a)

Buddhism

b)

Christianity

c)

Islam

d)

Hinduism

49.

What was the key factor that allowed humans to begin living in one place for a long period of time?

a)

domestication of plants and animals

b)

discovery of fire

c)

discovering electricity

d)

developing a system of writing

50.

Which of the following terms describes a group of territories ruled by one person?

a)

ziggurat

b)

cuneiform

c)

empire

d)

paleolithic

51.

The Neolithic Revolution occurred when people discovered how to -

a)

grow food and domesticate animals

b)

trade with others in the same river valley

c)

fight wars using metal weapons

d)

make stone temples for religious ceremonies

52.

Which principle of Babylonian society does this excerpt from the Code of Hammurabi illustrate?

a)

All men were equal under the law.

b)

Fines were preferable to corporal punishment.

c)

Divisions existed between social classes.

d)

Violence was always punished with violence.

53.

Which is a major characteristic of Judaism?

a)

belief in a single just and all-powerful God

b)

praying five times a day

c)

following the Eightfold path

d)

worshipping many gods

54.

The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it -

a)

treated citizens and slaves equally

b)

ended all physical punishment

c)

established written laws

d)

rejected the principle of filial piety

55.

Which TWO rivers of the following were a part of Ancient Mesopotamia?

a)

Tigris

b)

Euphrates

c)

Nile

d)

Indus

56.

The image is considered a -

a)

Primary Source

b)

Secondary Source

57.

How did people from the Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia) adapt to their environment?

a)

By using irrigation methods to help against the dry climate.

b)

Hunting and gathering when the rivers dried up.

c)

Trading heavily with the Yellow River Valley during times of drought.

d)

By using the papyrus plant to create an early form of paper.

58.
Which Chinese dynasty lasted longest?
a)
Shang
b)
Zhou
c)
Qin
d)
Han
59.

Which was the first dynasty to take power in China?

a)

Shang

b)

Zhou

c)

Qin

d)

Han

60.

Who was the famous Chinese philosopher who emphasized ethics and moral values?

a)

Emperor Wudi

b)

Confucius

c)

Liu Bang

d)

Huangdi

61.
Which Chinese dynasty lasted longest?
a)
Shang
b)
Zhou
c)
Qin
d)
Han
62.
What did Emperor Huangdi build to protect China from invasion?
a)
a great fortress
b)
a great wall
c)
a great army
d)
a great castle
63.
What were pyramids?
a)
temples to the gods
b)
prisons
c)
tombs for pharaohs
d)
tombs for nobles
64.
What is Egyptian writing called?
a)
cuneiform
b)
hieroglyphic
c)
characters
d)
Sanskrit
65.
What was the most common form of religious practice in Ancient Egypt?
a)
hieroglyphics
b)
polytheism
c)
mythology
d)
monotheism
66.
Why was papyrus important to ancient Egyptians?
a)
it made it easier to keep records and communicate
b)
it allowed them to sail too far away ports for trade
c)
it allowed them to create a system of writing
d)
it kept mice out of the granaries
67.
Who was at the top of the Egyptian social order?
a)
slaves
b)
pharaoh
c)
priests
d)
scribes
68.
The definition of the word Pharaoh
a)
A King
b)
Prince
c)
A Tomb
d)
A city in Egypt
69.
An example of a delta is 
a)
Egyptian Hieroglyphics
b)
A plane formation
c)
a triangle-shaped area of land made from soil deposited by a river.
d)
The rapids along the Nile
70.
Polytheism is the belief in 
a)
One God
b)
Multiple Gods
c)
No God
d)
The flying spaghetti monster
71.
Why do Pharaos get mummified?
a)
So their body doesn't decay
b)
So they stay nice and juicy
c)
Because Otzi was mummified
d)
To prepare them for the afterlife
72.
Pyramids are built to 
a)
for worshipping the Gods
b)
to look strong and cool to other nations
c)
be a tomb for the Pharaoh
d)
to give farmers jobs when not farming
73.
Egypt is on what Continent?
a)
Africa
b)
Asia
c)
Europe
d)
South America
74.
What is a dynasty?
a)
a collection of queens
b)
a collection of kingdoms
c)
series of rulers from different families
d)
series of rulers from the same family
75.
What is the famous river in Egypt?
a)
Tigris
b)
Euphrates
c)
Nile
d)
Hudson
76.
Who would write and record information?
a)
slaves
b)
scribes
c)
farmers
d)
craftspeople
77.

How did the Nile River benefit Egyptians? (select all that apply)

a)

fresh drinking water

b)

floods destroyed homes and crops

c)

floods provided silt

d)

papyrus grew near the river

e)

a waterway for transportation

78.

How did Egyptians get water to their crops?

a)

Plow

b)

Chariot

c)

Wagon

d)

Irrigation

79.

Egypt is surrounded by desert, what is a benefit of this?

a)

The temperature is warm

b)

The sand is soft

c)

Protection

d)

Easy to navigate

80.

What type of government did ancient Egypt have?

a)

Dictatorship

b)

Monarchy

c)

Theocracy

d)

Democracy

81.

Ancient Egypt was isolated because of its ___________.

a)

economy

b)

geography

c)

religion

d)

government

82.

What river did people in ancient India settle along?

a)

Tigris

b)

Nile

c)

Indus

d)

Euphrates

83.
Why was fertile soil so favorable to the development of the Indus Valley civilization?
a)
It prevented attacks from enemies
b)
Brought rain and flooding to water crops
c)
It allowed settlers to plant and harvest crops in one location
84.

What religion forms the basis of the caste system?

a)

Buddhism

b)

Hinduism

c)

Christianity

d)

Judaism

85.
According to the Torah, where did Abraham and his family move to?
a)
Egypt, the pharaoh didn't want them to go
b)
Canaan, later called the land of Israel, a region of land along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea
c)
Mecca and then Medina, two cities in what is modern-day Saudi Arabia
d)
The Americas in order to escape the Roman Army
86.
Why do Jews set aside a holy day each week, and what is it called?
a)
It is called Ramadan and it is used for rest and prayer.
b)
It is called the Sabbath and it is set aside for feasting and leisure activities.
c)
It is called mass and it is set aside for charitable giving.
d)
It is called the Sabbath and they set it aside for rest and prayer.
87.
What are the Ten Commandments?
a)
They are a list of prayers all Jews are expected to do each night.
b)
They contain teachings Jews believe were handed down by God to Moses
c)
They are the teachings that Jews believe were handed down by God to Abraham.
d)
They are a list of things Jews believe God commanded Jesus to do.
88.
How did Jews find ways to maintain their traditions in foreign lands?
a)
Individuals isolated themselves and kept the practice of their traditions very secretive and individual.
b)
They actually were unable to maintain their traditions.  Jewish traditions have died off.
c)
Jews attend church every Sunday in an attempt to maintain traditions.
d)
They build strong communities around the world that helped preserve their culture and religion.
89.
Why did Jews adopt the practice of praying together in synagogues?
a)
They were lonely and this provided them with an opportunity to party.
b)
This became one way that Jews could maintain their tradions in foreign lands, after the Diaspora.
c)
They wanted to show-off to the rest of the community.
d)
They believe that God will hear their prayers more if they are in a synagogue and together.
90.
___________ is considered to be the founder of Judaism.
a)
Abraham
b)
Saul
c)
David
d)
Goliath
91.
____________ leads the Israelites out of Egypt and parts the Red Sea.
a)
Moses
b)
Saul
c)
David
d)
Maccabees
92.
______ is the Jewish holy book.
a)
Torah
b)
Synagogue
c)
Monotheism
d)
Entire Christian Bible
93.
a binding agreement
a)
compromise
b)
Torah
c)
covenant
d)
commandment
94.
What is the holy book of Judaism called? 
a)
Bible 
b)
Torah 
c)
Koran 
d)
New Testament 
95.
Another name for "teacher" or someone who is the leader of the synagogue is: 
a)
Torah 
b)
Priest 
c)
Rabbi
96.
Who is considered to be the founder of Judaism? 
a)
Abraham
b)
Mohamed 
c)
Moses 
d)
Jesus Christ 
97.
What is NOT considered a branch of Judaism? 
a)
Reform Jew 
b)
Conservative Jew
c)
Scientology Jew 
d)
Orthodox Jew 
98.
What is it called when you keep with the Jewish dietary laws? 
a)
Holy 
b)
Kosher 
c)
Kisher
d)
Kolic 
99.
What is the symbol of Judaism called? 
a)
Star of Abraham 
b)
Star of Mohamed 
c)
Star of Moses 
d)
Star of David 
100.
What day is the Jewish day of rest (Sabbath)? 
a)
Sunday 
b)
Friday 
c)
Monday 
d)
Saturday 
101.
What is NOT considered to be a Jewish holiday? 
a)
Christmas 
b)
Hanukkah 
c)
Rosh Hashanah 
d)
Yom Kippur 
102.
What are the moral code of laws that were given to the Jews to live by called? 
a)
The Ten Laws 
b)
The Ten Commandments
c)
The Ten Rules 
d)
The Eleven Commandments 
103.
What type of religion is Judaism? 
a)
monotheistic 
b)
polytheistic 
104.
How is a harmonious society created according to Confucianism?
a)
By praying to Confucius for mercy.
b)
Through individuals following the social rules appropriate to their station in life.
c)
By making certain that foreign elements are not allowed in.
d)
Through democratic processes that allow each individual to vote for those who will rule them.
105.
Confucius' ideas were put into a book called....
a)
The Analects
b)
The Quran
c)
The Bible
d)
The Buddha
106.
Where did Confucianism originate?
a)
Japan
b)
India
c)
Arabia
d)
China
107.
According to Confucius, rulers should govern by _______
a)
the law.
b)
military might.
c)
a monopoly on natural resources.
d)
setting a good example.
108.
In China on Tomb-sweeping Day, families visit the graves of deceased relatives.  Why did Confucius say people should honor and respect their elders?
a)
Because children should sweep away all memory of their ancestors so they may rest in peace.
b)
So that their elders will fund their children's education.
c)
Because filial piety - respect of children for their parents - was critical to the social order.
d)
Because elders do not need to show the younger members of the family any respect or lead by example.
109.
According to the Mandate of Heaven, what happened if a ruler governed poorly?
a)
Nothing.  There is nothing anyone can do.
b)
If a ruler governed poorly, heaven withdrew its support and the ruler lost power.
c)
The ruler must undergo a rigorous training course to get better.
d)
The ruler must meditate and ask the heavens for answers.
110.
Confucius said people in ____________ must set a good example.
a)
authority
b)
jail
c)
love
d)
trouble
111.
Confucius' main goal was to have ___________ in society.
a)
order
b)
fun
c)
happiness
d)
work
112.

Who founded the belief system of Confucianism?

a)

Lao Tzu

b)

Winnie the Pooh

c)

Confucius

d)

Qin Dynasty

113.

Confucius believed in ______________ key relationships.

a)

5

b)

4

c)

3

d)

not having

114.

Confucianists believed the government should be __________________ and ___________________.

a)

harsh, strict

b)

respectable, fair

c)

nonexistent, weak

d)

big, loud

115.

Confucianism and Daoism emerged during the ______________ Period in ancient China.

a)

Peace and Harmony

b)

Important Art

c)

Warring States

d)

Mao Zedong

116.

Confucianists believed that the government should _________________ criminals.

a)

punish

b)

help

c)

kill

d)

feed

117.

Confucianists believed that elders should serve as _______________________ for younger people.

a)

bosses

b)

slaves

c)

role models

d)

chefs

118.

When we examined the key relationships of Confucianism in class, we noticed that ________________ were missing from the list.

a)

children

b)

women

c)

pets

d)

rulers

119.

Who is considered to be the founder of Daoism?

a)

Confucius

b)

Lao Tzu

c)

Sun Tzu

d)

Mao Zedong

120.

Daoists believe the government should _________________________ in peoples' lives.

a)

bring harmony

b)

make changes

c)

be important

d)

not interfere

121.

Daoists emphasized the importance of ____________ and ___________.

a)

peace, harmony

b)

punishment, strictness

c)

rules, restrictions

d)

kings, queens

122.

There is a big emphasis on _______________ in Daoist beliefs.

a)

balance

b)

zen

c)

meditation

d)

yoga

123.

Daoists believe in 5 key relationships.

a)

True

b)

False

124.

Confucianists believe in the importance of nature.

a)

True

b)

False

125.
What is the term for a person being reborn after a previous life?
a)
maya
b)
reincarnation
c)
recluse
d)
dharma
126.
This determines the state of your reincarnation...What goes around, comes around!
a)
Vedas
b)
Karma
c)
Aryans
d)
Upanishads
127.

Who founder of Buddhism?

a)

Jesus

b)

God

c)

Siddhartha Gautama

d)

Moses

128.

Hinduism: Holy Book

a)

Vedas

b)

Bible

c)

Old Testament

129.
Match this term to the correct Religion: Effects of one's action called Karma
a)
Hinduism
b)
Hinduism and Buddhism
c)
Buddhism
d)
Neither
130.

What is the ultimate goal of Buddhism?

a)

to reach a state of blissful peace without desire or suffering (nirvana)

b)

to reach heaven

c)

to be reincarnated into the Dali Lama

d)

to be reach the highest caste

131.

What is the Eight-Fold Path in Buddhism?

a)

four noble truths

b)

the steps Buddhist take to reach

nirvana or enlightenment

c)

religious holiday

d)

paths to the temple

132.

What does Buddha mean?

a)

Suffering

b)

Life of Moderation

c)

Enlightened One

d)

An awakening to the truth

133.

What are the basic teachings of Buddhism called?

a)

Ten Commandments

b)

The Four Noble Truths

c)

Shar'ia Law

d)

The Five Noble Truths

134.
The Four Noble Truths and The Eight Fold Path are major works that emphasize what religion?
a)
Judaism
b)
Hinduism
c)
Buddhism
d)
Taoism
135.

Chinese and Indian traders exchanged goods, ideas, and beliefs along the Silk Road. Which belief system was spread to China by Indian merchants?

a)

Islam

b)

Judaism

c)

Buddhism

d)

Christianity

136.

Hinduism and Buddhism are different religions. In what way are they similar?

a)

Both religions believe in reincarnation

b)

Both religions recognize the importance of dharma

c)

Both religions have to do with the concept of moksha.

d)

Both religions use the Vedas.

137.

Which of the following is the central teaching of Islam?

a)

Allah will grant life in paradise to all who obey him

b)

Allah is the only God and Muhammad is his prophet

c)

On the final day, Allah will judge all people

d)

Muslims must wash before praying to be pure before Allah

138.

What is essential to Islam?

a)

The 5 pillars

b)

The 4 noble truths

c)

The 3 Desk tops

d)

Ten Commandments

139.

-Faith

-Prayer

-Charity

-Fasting

-Pilgrimage


What is being described?

a)

Eightfold Path

b)

Five Pillars of Islam

c)

Four Nobel Truths

d)

Ten Commandments

140.

The followers of Islam are divided into two groups, Shia and Sunni. What makes them different?

a)

They are located in different areas of Saudi Arabia

b)

They disagreed on who should lead Islam after Muhammad died

c)

The Shia follow the 5 Pillars of Islam, while the Sunni do not

d)

The Sunni honor the holy month of Ramadan, while the Shia do not

141.

In what area did Muslim scholars make advancements?

a)

algebra

b)

aqueducts

c)

alphabets

d)

anatomy

142.

What is the holy text of Islam that is written in Arabic?

a)

Qur'an (Koran)

b)

Bible

c)

Torah

d)

Vedas

143.

Select all of the monotheistic religions below.

a)

Judaism

b)

Hinduism

c)

Christianity

d)

Islam

144.

How is the Qur'an similar to the Bible and the Torah?

a)

It describes guidelines for moral behavior of its followers

b)

It states that Islam is the only true monotheistic religion

c)

It prohibits the sale and ownership of slaves in Arabia

d)

It describes the life and achievements of Muhammad

145.

What is the holy month of Islam called?

a)

Qur'an

b)

Ramadan

c)

Hajj

d)

Zakat

146.

What is another word to describe the hajj?

a)

The pilgrimage (journey) to Mecca

b)

The pilgrimage to Mesopotamia

c)

Buddhist beliefs

147.

How are the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments similar?

a)

Both support the belief of reincarnation

b)

Both provide a guide to moral and ethical behavior

c)

Both encouraged the worship of many gods

d)

Both promoted the ownership of slaves

148.

Which of the following was a major contribution of Islamic culture to western civilization?

a)

development of the first writing system

b)

creation of the first monotheistic relgion

c)

created representative democratic government

d)

advancement of mathematics and science

149.
Where did Islam have its origin?
a)
Islam first emerged in Mecca, a city in Arabia in the Middle East.
b)
Canaan, later called the Land of Israel
c)
Judea, it had once been a part of the ancient Kingdom of Israel
d)
Egypt, near the ancient pyramids
150.
What happened after Muhammad and his followers returned to Mecca in 630 C.E.?
a)
They reclaimed the city and established Islam as the dominant faith in Saudi Arabia.
b)
They were defeated and forced to return to Medina.
c)
They decided to return to worshiping the pagan gods like the rest of the population.
d)
They converted to Christianity.
151.
What is the Qu'ran?
a)
The Muslim holy book, which contains the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.
b)
The daily prayer all Muslims must say five times a day.
c)
The Muslim house of worship that they attend every week.
d)
The holiest of Muslim holidays where they fast from sunup to sundown.
152.
What is the Hajj?
a)
The holiest holiday where Muslims fast from sunup to sundown.
b)
The Muslim holy book that contains the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.
c)
The daily prayer all Muslims say.
d)
The Hajj is the pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are encouraged to do at least once.
153.
Which of these is NOT one of the five pillars of Islam?
a)
There is no god but god.
b)
The pilgrimage to Mecca must be made.
c)
Fasting must be done every day.
d)
Donations to charity must be made annually.
154.
What is a major holiday in Muslim culture?
a)
Ramadan
b)
Christmas
c)
Kwanzaa
d)
Hannukah
155.
Many of the traditions of Islam were influenced by which other religions? 
a)
Hinduism and Judaism
b)
Buddhism and Judaism
c)
Christianity and Judaism
d)
Zoronastrianism and Judaism