WorksheetsComputer Science Everything
Total questions: 97
Worksheet time: 32mins
Which of the following are volatile?
RAM
Secondary Storage
ROM
Hard Disk
Which storage or memory solution below is used to store the BIOS?
ROM
Secondary Storage
Hard Disk
RAM
Which statement is true?
ROM contains the operating system
RAM is part of the hard disk
RAM stores programs / data used by the CPU
ROM is volatile
Non-volatile memory...
Retains any stored data when there's no power
Loses any stored data when there's no power
Volatile memory...
Retains any stored data when there's no power
Loses any stored data when there's no power
What is RAM in Desktop Computers, Notebooks, and Smartphones is usually measured in?
Gigabytes
Megabytes
Kilobytes
Bytes
What does BIOS stand for?
Binary Input Operating System
Basic Input Output System
Basic Input Operating System
Basic Inverted Operating System
If BIOS was stored in the RAM what would happen?
It would run faster because RAM is quicker to read and write
It would get erased every time the computer shut off
The BIOS could be larger because RAM has larger capacities
It would remain after the computer has been shut off
RAM can be...
Read
Written
Erased
ROM can be...
Read
Written
Erased
Select the statements which best describe RAM...
It is volatile
It is non-volatile
Usually smaller in capacity
Usually higher in capacity
Can be removable in some devices
Select the statements which best describe ROM...
It is volatile
It is non-volatile
Usually smaller in capacity
Usually higher in capacity
Can be removable in some devices
BIOS contains...
A set of instructions for starting up the computer
The operating system the computer runs on
Applications and general files
All the data stored on the computer
What doesn’t affect the performance of the computer
Clock Speed
Number of Cores
The number of instructions in the program
Cache Size
If the processing speed goes from 1GHZ to 4GHZ and the processor is changed from an 8 core to a dual core processor – what is the exact effect on the performance of the computer?
The number of instructions executed per second quadruples
The number of instructions executed per second doubles
The number of instructions executed per second stays the same
The number of instructions executed per second is halved
Firmware in which software and hardware are integrated on a circuit board is often used in what type of system?
Point of Sales System
Desktop System
Embedded System
Operating System
Which is an example of an Embedded System:
PCs
Washing Machine
Laptops
Tablets
Processors don’t do the following
Operate in Hz
Execute Data
Execute Instructions
Process Data
The part of a processor in which instructions are executed is known as?
Core
Centre
Instruction Centre
Execution
What acts as an intermediary between the processor and the Main Memory?
Clock
Cache
Bus
User
What is held in cache?
All of the programming instructions
Instructions that have been processed
Commonly used instructions and data
Data that hasn’t been used for a long time
Moore’s Law?
The performance increase of computers would eventually halt in 2020
That the number of cores on a processor would double every year
Predicted that the number of transistors on a circuit board would double ever year
Computers would be capable of thinking and learning for themselves by 2020
If the processing speed goes up from 1GHZ to 4GHZ and the number of cores goes from 1 to 2 – what is the exact effect on the performance of the computer?
Quadrupled
Eight Times faster
Sixteen times faster
Doubled
If the processing speed goes up from 1GHZ to 4GHZ and the number of cores goes from 1 to 8 – what is the exact effect on the performance of the computer?
Sixty Four times faster
Sixteen times faster
Eight Times faster
Thirty Two times faster
What component holds the address of the next instruction
Memory Data Register
Accumulator
Memory Address Register
Program Counter
This holds the number of the current instruction being worked on
Memory Address Register
Program Counter
Memory Data Register
Accumulator
This would reduce the number of memory/processor transfers
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Control Unit
Accumulator
Cache
This sends signals such as “I/O Read”
Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Accumulator
Cache
This sends signals such as “Memory write”
Control Unit
Cache
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Accumulator
What is held in ROM?
Operating System
Data currently in use
Bootstrap Loader
Instructions frequently used
Which component generates addresses
Secondary Storage
Processor
Main Memory
Control Unit
What is transferred down the data bus?
Data only
Addresses only
Data
Instructions and Addresses
Data and Instructions
What is the purpose of the accumulator?
To hold the results of a calculation
To hold the accumulation of instructions that are about to happen
To hold the accumulation of instructions that have happened
To perform arithmetic operations
This method of backup is quicker to perform once an initial backup file is created.
Incremental
Differential
Full
Fragmented
This type of back-up is quicker to restore from?
Incremental
Differential
Full
Fragmented
This type of back-up is slowest to restore from?
Incremental
Differential
Full
Fragmented
Which of the following memory and CPU management functions does the OS perform in order to allow the system to multitask
Each application is allocated a different memory space so that their data does not interfere with each other
The OS moves unused parts of memory to storage and swaps it out as necessary
The OS splits CPU cycles up between open applications
The OS Prioritises processes so that instructions are executed in an efficient order
What is the purpose of Utility software?
To keep the computer maintained and in working order
To control how the computer operates
To manage resources available to hardware
What is the purpose of an Operating System?
To keep the computer maintained and in working order
To control how the computer operates
To manage resources available to hardware
What does a full backup entail?
Makes copies only of the new files
Saves your backup to secondary storage
Makes copies of all files
Only allows you to make a double copy
What does an incremental backup entail?
Makes copies only of the new files
Saves your backup to secondary storage
Makes copies of all files
Makes a copy of the entire drive
What is the purpose of peripheral management (as a part of the Operating System)?
Provides a method to communicate with the system
Manages your programs
Allows the Operating System to manage the hardware devices
Allows users to have different accounts
What is the purpose of a user interface (as a part of the operating system)
Provides a method to communicate with the system
Is a graphical layout
Is user management
Allows users to have different accounts
Which of the following are examples of Utility Software?
Word Processor
Anti-virus software
Web Browser
Disk Defragmenter
Fortnite
Which of the following are examples of Application Software?
Word Processor
Anti-virus software
Web Browser
Disk Defragmenter
Fortnite
Which tasks are the memory manager responsible for (as a part of the Operating System)
Swapping applications and data between RAM and virtual memory
Allocated sections of memory to applications
Communicating with peripheral devices connected to the computer
Allows the end user to control the computer effectively
If a file is fragmented it means that....
It is broken and no longer readable
Parts of the file are scatters in different places on the hard disk
Parts of the files data has been deleted and cannot be recovered
Parts of the file are stored sequentially on the hard disk
The purpose of a disk defragmenter is to...
Recover deleted files from the hard disk
To move applications from RAM to the hard disk
To put together sections of files which are physically separated on a hard disk
To remove files which are no longer needed
Why would it be ill advised to run a disk defragmenter application on an SSD
SSDs have more moving parts so they wear more easily
The location a file is stored on an SSD does not affect how quickly it can be accessed
SSDs are fast enough it doesn't matter
Moving files physically on the SSD can contribute to wear and can reduce their lifespan
Dividing processor time between processes so that they appear to multitask is known as:
Time Slicing
Parallel Processing
Time waiting
Idle Time
The weakest point in a security system, is usually:
Poorly coded software
People
Unreliable hardware
Poor network connections
What method of attack is shown in the image?
DOS
Brute Force
SQL Injection
DNS Pharming
Which of the following would not be achieved by penetration testing?
Potential threats to the system are identified
Possible entry points to the system are identified
There would be an attempt to break into the system
Viruses and malware are removed from the system
How many of the following methods could be used to distribute a virus? (choose as many as you think are appropriate)
Via an attachment sent in an online/instant message
Through files on a memory stick / CD
Through a link in an email
Through a program downloaded from the internet
A brute force attack is when you
try millions of passwords until one works
try to force people to pay you to decrypt their files
infect a computer so there are loads of pop-ups
use violence to get a password or PIN
Choose all that are true about SQL injection attacks
They can be prevented by sanitising user input
They happen when attackers put SQL commands into a user form
They involve the injection of a powerful drug called SQL
They target online databases
Choose all that should be in a good network policy
Enforce regular password changes
Set up access levels so that users only get to see what they actually need
Make sure anti-virus and firewall software is updated regularly
Use encryption to secure sensitive files
Penetration testing is where you
ask somebody to break into your system to expose weaknesses
fire bullets at a laptop to check it can withstand the force
see how much force is required to break into the IT room
take a test to see how much you know about networks
What is the point of encryption?
So that only people who have the key can decrypt sensitive data
To create jobs for computer experts
To prevent malware
To make the WiFi faster
Choose the correct name for this type of attack:
Data entry forms are filled in with code that allows a hacker to access data from the database directly
Zero day attack
Data interception
SQL Injection
Denial of Service
Malware is...
Malicious Software (Viruses, Trojans, Spyware)
Intercepting data when it is been sent
Taking down a website by flooding it with data and traffic
Gaining unauthorised access to a computer
A Man in the Middle Attack is...
Malicious Software (Viruses, Trojans, Spyware)
Intercepting data when it is been sent
Taking down a website by flooding it with data and traffic
Gaining unauthorised access to a computer
A Denial of Service Attack is...
Malicious Software (Viruses, Trojans, Spyware)
Intercepting data when it is been sent
Taking down a website by flooding it with data and traffic
Gaining unauthorised access to a computer
Passwords...
Must be simple
Must be the same between accounts
Vary between accounts
Must be complex
Back-ups should be...
Automatic
Manual
Regular
When needed
Having back-ups can...
Restores data that may be lost, reducing downtime
Restores applications
Increases downtime
Break your system
If a website is using HTTPS it means that...
Data sent and received is encrypted
Data sent and received can be viewed by others
Data received is encrypted
Data sent is encrypted
Malware can include
Viruses
MitM Attacks
DOS
Spyware
Which of these would not be an effective way of preventing social engineering?
Shredding documents
Providing staff training
Installing up-to-date anti-virus software
Producing an-up-to date "safe usage" policy
A school network manager wants to ensure that students can view revision documents left on the school network, while not being able to change or delete them.
What level of access should be created to ensure the safety of the network and the files on it?
Read only
Read-Write
Read-Write-Execute
Hacking is...
Malicious Software (Viruses, Trojans, Spyware)
Intercepting data when it is been sent
Taking down a website by flooding it with data and traffic
Gaining unauthorised access to a computer
(a) is a check made by a computer to ensure that the data entered is sensible or reasonable.
What type of validation would be used on a field to enter a mobile phone number to ensure it contains 11 digits
Spell check
Lookup table
Presence check
Length check
What type of validation would be used on a field to check that data has been entered?
Spell check
Lookup table
Presence check
Length check
What type of validation is when the last one or two digits in a code are used to check the other digits are correct?
Spell check
Check digit
Presence check
Length check
What type of validation is used to check that a value falls within the specified range
Spell check
Range check
Presence check
Length check
What type of validation should be used to ensure a National Insurance number is in the form LL 99 99 99 L where L is any letter and 9 is any number?
Format check
Range check
Presence check
Length check
Another method for validating data and stopping attacks is to clean up the data that is inputted so that it is ready for the application to use.
(a) trims or strips strings, removing unwanted characters from strings
Which one of the following inputs for an email address would not require data santisation?
dave.smith@company.c
d.s@company.com
dave@smith@company.com
dave smith@company.com
(a) will consider and anticipate misuse.
Misuse may be in the form of a brute force attack on the program
(a) is a coding method to check that a user is who they say they are and allowed to access the program.
New software often requires a key code which is generated by an app on the user's phone and then entered.
Online banking requires a user to enter credentials into a webpage and then a number is generated which is entered into a key device.
This returns a number code which is entered into the webpage as well.
Without the second part of the code the user is not authenticated.
What process is this describing?
(a)
Tick two methods to provide information for future users or programmers that may be required to maintain the code.
Complex code
Indentation
Comments
Concise variable name
Who is this?
Ada Lovelace
Grace Hopper
Margaret Hamilton
Dorothy Vaughan
What term did she famously coin for finding a fault in a program?
error
syntax flaw
moth
bug
What type of errors may cause program errors or the computer to crash even if there appears to be nothing wrong with the program code?
Syntax errors
Runtime errors
Logic errors
Memory errors
What type of errors are mistakes in the way that the code is written?
Syntax errors
Runtime errors
Logic errors
Memory errors
What type of error is a bug in a program that causes it to operate incorrectly, but not to terminate or crash?
Syntax errors
Runtime errors
Logic errors
Memory errors
Identify the type of error in the pseudocode
Syntax error
Runtime error
Logic error
Memory error
Identify the type of error in the pseudocode
Syntax error
Runtime error
Logic error
Memory error
Identify the type of error in the pseudocode
Syntax error
Runtime error
Logic error
Memory error
What are the two types of testing discussed at GCSE?
Alpha testing
Beta testing
Iterative testing
Final / terminal testing
When testing a program that checks the weight of cabin baggage is less than or equal to 23kg, which of the following would be valid data?
10kg
22kg
23kg
24kg
100kg
When testing a program that checks the weight of cabin baggage is less than or equal to 23kg, which of the following would be invalid data?
10kg
22kg
23kg
24kg
100kg
When testing a program that checks the weight of cabin baggage is less than or equal to 23kg, which of the following would be boundary data?
10kg
22kg
23kg
24kg
100kg
Which of the following would you expect to find in a Test Plan?
The test number
The data entered
The type of test data
The expected outcome
The result of the test
