Muscular middle layer - includes the fallopian tubes, Present a unified reaction to various stimuli (ovulation, orgasm, & the deposit of a sperm in vagina)

Inner mucosal layer. From menarche to menopause, it goes through monthly renewal & degeneration in the absence of pregnancy in response to hormone cycles.

3 Functions of this reproductive system:

1. Provides transport for the ovum from the ovary to the uterus. Takes 3-4 days

2. Provides a site for fertilization

3. Serves as a warm, moist, nourishing environment for the ovum or zygote (fertilized egg)

What is the function of the Longitudinal Muscle (Outer Layer)? See Picture

What is the function of Middle Layer? See picture

What is the function of the inner layer? see picture

Which hormone Controls development of woman's secondary sex characteristics, maturation of ovarian follicles, causes enlargement of uterus, breasts, breast glandular disuse, increases vascularity and vasodilation, & produces in placenta by 7 wks. gestation

Which hormone is secreted by corpus luteum, known as the hormone of pregnancy, maintains pregnancy, and must be present in high levels for implantation which occurs at 7-10 days after ovulation

Which hormone are oxygenated fatty acids produces by cells of endometrium, Group E relaxes smooth muscle (vasodilator) & Group F increases contractility of muscles (Vasoconstrictor)

primary function is to deposit sperm into the female vagina so fertilization of the ovum can occur

protects the testes & sperm by maintaining a temperature lower than body temp & harm

has 2 functions:

1. Serves as the site of spermatogenesis

2. Produce testosterone

Seminal fluid made of spermatozoa & secretions of all accessory glands. Seminal fluid transport viable & motile sperm to the female. Effective transportation requires adequate nutrients & pH of 7.5

The process by which germ cells (ovum& sperm) are produced, half of the genetic material of typical body cell, haploid number of cells to form full zygote & meiosis occurs

Reduction cell division- happens only in reproductive cell & results in the formation of sperm (gametes) & oocytes (ova). Creates two cells that contain half the genetic material of the parent cell.

Occurs with somatic (tissue) cells of the body, allowing for new cells. Division of cells results in 2 daughter cells genetically identical to the original cell.

one of two processes a sperm must undergo before fertilization can occur. Its the removal of plasma membrane & glycoprotein coat overlaying the spermatozoa's acrosomal area & the loss of seminal plasma proteins

the caps of the sperm surrounding the ovum release their enzymes & thus break down the hyaluronic acid that holds elongated cells of the corona radiata (outer layer of ovum)

Cellular change medicated by release of materials from the cortical granules, organelles found just below the ovum's surface at the moment of penetration by fertilizing sperm

What happens after fertilization takes places - as soon as implantation (Nidation) has occurred?

What are some of the amniotic fluids function? (Select all that apply)

At how many weeks does the embryo become a fetus?

The somatic cells contain how many chromosomes which is known as the diploid number?

How many autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) are there excluding the 1 sex chromosome from each parent?

Pictorial analysis of an individuals chromosomes

a. 21 (Downs syndrome)

b. 13 & 18 - Not compatible with life. Usually die within the first 3 months

These two Chromosome abnormalities are known as what?

What 2 syndromes are are part of the Monosomies? (Select all that apply)

No intellectual impairment. Facial & trunk abnormal features, underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics, amenorrhea, infertility, coacrtation of the aorta, renal anomalies

Which Syndrome includes: ADHD, autism, gynecomastia, infertility (underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics)

Happens after fertilization. Tends to be more common in sex chromosomes- is an error in Mitosis

Which inheritance disorder is the most rare?

Congenital malformation generally caused by an interaction of many genes & environmental factors is known as what?

What are some signs of Multifactorial Inheritance? (Select All that Apply)

A diagnostic test that is done at 16-20 weeks, and can measure the thickness of tissue behind the neck that may indicate down syndrome or other genetic disorder

What test measures specific hormones and proteins that determines the risk for Downs syndrome, trisomy 18 or open spina bifida

A major method of prenatal diagnosis. Some indications include: maternal age 35 or older, Chromosomal abnormality, family history or neural tube defects

What is considered false labor contractions

Secretes a thick, tenacious mucus, which accumulates and thickens to form and seals the endocervical canal and prevents the ascent of bacteria or other substances into the uterus

The gravid uterus compresses the vena cava when the woman's is supine. This reduces the blood flow returning to the heart and may cause maternal hypotension

Time between conception and onset of labor

Time from onset of labor until birth of infant and placenta

Time from birth until woman's body returns to prepregnant condition

Number of weeks since first day of of LMP (last menstrual period)

Labor after 30 weeks but before completion of 37 weeks of gestation

Labor after 42 weeks gestation

any pregnancy, including present

Woman who has never been pregnant before

Woman in second or more pregnancy

What are some appropriate Initial Prenatal Assessment? (Select all that apply)

How do you determine a woman's due date? (Select all that apply)

How does Nageles rule determine a woman's estimated due date?

For a normal pregnancy, how many weeks is considered full gestation?

When does a fetal heartbeat begin?

What are some signs of preterm? (Select all that apply)

What are some discomforts of First Trimester? (Select all that apply)

What are some discomforts of the 2nd & 3rd trimester? (Select all that apply)

Which immunizations should a pregnant mother avoid? (Select all that apply)